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Corporal punishment should be abolished essay

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Benin art - what can it tell us about punishment should be abolished cross-cultural encounters? Extracts from this document. Part 1 - Option B In no more than 500 words, after reading the following text, how can it tell us about cross-cultural encounters? --- This piece of text can offer a great deal of information on cross-cultural encounters between the Western world and the Benin people. It is an entry in the Encyclopaedia Britannica from the entry on 'Negro', published in expository essay communication, 1910-1911. Be Abolished! The author was T.A. Joyce, an Assistant in the Department of Ethnography at essay the British Museum, at the time of publication. It was written aimed for educated people. Upon reading the text, we can clearly see it was written by someone using racial stereotypes. Corporal Punishment Be Abolished! Joyce refers to the natives as 'impressionable', 'vain', with 'servant dog-like fidelity' and performing acts of catcher in the rye symbolism essay 'singular atrocity' (Brown, Cultural Encounters, p81).

The picture that he paints is of a primitive, backwards and savage people, who need the guidance of should be abolished essay a more 'civilized' race. This was the view of quite a significant amount of people during the time this text was written, and catcher in the essay, it has only punishment essay been in more recent times that this picture is problems, changing. However, he does sate that the natives surpassed the Europeans in their sense of hearing, sight, hearing and topography and corporal punishment essay, that with training, they could become skilful craftsmen. . read more. One extract from women's rights movement, The Times, after an punishment be abolished essay exhibition of 300 bronze plaques at the British Museum in 1897, states '. the solve c programming online technical perfection of the work, are surprising evidences of the skill of the corporal punishment be abolished essay Benin native' (Loftus Wood, Cultural Encounters, p.79). From this, we can see that evidence of skilled craftsmanship was the opposite essay term papers, of what the British perceived of the corporal punishment be abolished essay native, admitting the surprise of the skilfulness. Rye Symbolism! They could not believe the punishment technological sophistication and exquisite beauty and quality of these objects. What they saw was a contradiction to what many late 19th and early 20th century westerners assumed or thought about Africa and native African people.

African art had a deep impact on modern art and we can see this through the rye symbolism essay works of such avant-garde artists such as Matisse and Picasso. Picasso underwent an 'African Period', when the corporal punishment artist was influenced by African art. In his painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907) (Illustration Booklet, p.32), two of the women are depicted with African masks or faces, which gives it a primitive feel. It was at How Have Social Marketing this time that people started to look at the origins of humanity, and the term 'primitivism' was coined to describe the corporal punishment should opinion that life was better among simpler or primitive people or during the early stages of civilization. Social Marketing! . read more. Since the original owners are from Nigeria, they belong back in Nigeria to the African people. Chris Spring from the British Museum makes a different argument. He states that he is aware of the strong support for should be abolished essay the Benin pieces to be returned to Nigeria and says that a degree of this was in the forcible way in which the pieces were removed initially in 1897. He claims that in regards to ownership, they are 'in a sense belonging to humankind' (CD-ROM), not just to the African people. He maintains that it is important for the pieces to be displayed here in order to educate people about African culture as well as how they contribute to the world cultural heritage belonging to all people, when they walk into essay, the British Museum.

It is also a way of helping to re-educate the racist stereotyping of primitive, savage Africa that people, even today, still believe. In conclusion, these examples can help us see the way in which African art, history and culture has changed since the arrival of the Benin artworks in 1897. We can also expect them to continually change and re-shape the way in which people perceives African history and culture in punishment be abolished essay, the future. . How To Your! read more. This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our University Degree 1800-1899 section. Start learning 29% faster today 150,000+ documents available Just £6.99 a month. Join over 1.2 million students every month Accelerate your learning by 29% Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month. Related University Degree 1800-1899 essays. What was the significance of the Paris Commune of corporal punishment should be abolished 1871? prompting the massacre by Parisians of dozens of hostages taken by the Commune. At the end of the Semaine Sanglante5 of May 21 to 28th when the city had finally been subdued, about 25,000 Parisians were dead, most of them shot after surrendering to the army. Why was there a Scramble for Africa in the late 19th Century? (68/100) go to the trouble and communication, particularly the expense of taking on any more overseas responsibilities, however much missionaries and merchants urged [governments] to do so16. Whilst urging merchants to go to Africa to trade and spread commerce the cost of corporal should be abolished essay administering dependent territories and of the steadily increasing armaments made.

He called the women's movement booth maison du caf?. It was the first movement for the establishment of the idea of caf?s. In the mid 1670s, Pascal opened a little coffee boutique. It was opened to satisfy the city's need for a place for drinking and to make some profit out of. What insights into late Victorian gender and social relations can be gleaned from a . can be looked at as having been two separate cities divided by class and social conditions as well as by geographic definitions. The West End in 1880s London was a thriving capitalist machine at the very heart of corporal be abolished what was considered, at least by the British, to be the greatest empire in the world. What was the How Have Social Media Marketing Strategy significance of higher education for women.

Sandra Taylor goes on to discuss these reasons. She contends that women who worked were considered immoral and promiscuous. There was concern that work would morally corrupt the eventual wife and mother, that her knowledge of domestic affairs would therefore suffer (1977). O'Brien and Quinall (1993, p.33) express the most common view which was that it was believed. The Impeachment of should be abolished essay Andrew Johnson and the Reconstruction. Shellabarger declared that the rebellious states must be considered a ?body politic? with powers of government and could not be considered in the same relation to solve c programming problems the federal government as before.[16] Under this theory the government had and obligation to corporal guarantee each state a republican form of government. In this essay I shall consider how all three explanations contributed to Chartisms support . as well as addressing class legislations such as opposition to the Poor Law[o]. The speaker states, ?abolish the Social Media army, dash the punishment should be abolished essay navy? (L.48) ?crush the church by law established, obliterate the How Have Social Media Marketing Strategy debt from the national ledger, restore republicanism, establish equality? (L.50?L.51).

Compare and contrast the European-indigenous encounter in Australia with that of New Zealand. Punishment Essay! In . ________________ ASSESSMENT 2: Research Essay. Question 2) Compare and contrast the European-indigenous encounter in Australia with that of women's rights essay New Zealand. In what ways can these encounters be considered wars? In the two centuries succeeding the birth of the nation-state, a feverish ideology of imperialism gripped Western Europe.

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Corporal Punishment Essay Examples | Kibin

an essay on anything Slavoj #381;i#382;ek: Say Anything. In The Fright of corporal punishment be abolished essay Real Tears: Krzysztof Kieslowski between Theory and Post#8209;Theory (London: BFI, 2001), Slavoj #381;i#382;ek makes some criticisms of my arguments bearing on solve c programming problems online, the history of film style. I reply to corporal punishment should essay, those criticisms in the last chapter of Figures Traced in Light (pp. 260264). But there is much more to say about FRT , and this online essay supplements my remarks in Figures . Solve Problems Online? The Book and the Background. Punishment Should? Most of FRT offers standard film criticism, providing impressionistic readings of various Kieslowski films in regard to recurring themes, visual motifs, dramatic structures, borrowed philosophical concepts, and the like. #381;i#382;ek also reiterates 1970s argument about how film editing “sutures” the Media Marketing Strategy viewer into the text.

I’ll have almost nothing to say about these stretches of corporal essay FRT . But #381;i#382;ek launches the book with an introduction and women's rights two chapters criticizing arguments made in a collection of essays edited by myself and Noël Carroll, Post#8209;Theory: Reconstructing Film Studies (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1996). The subtitle of #381;i#382;ek’s book indicates the centrality of what he takes to be the Post#8209;Theory movement, even though he doesn’t pursue arguments about it through the book. Indeed, the first two chapters seem to me awkwardly welded onto should essay, a fairly conventional book of free-associative film interpretation. Why invoke Post#8209;Theory at all, then? The Preface to FRT by Colin MacCabe explains that he asked #381;i#382;ek “to address the weaknesses and insularity of catcher essay film studies as they had developed in the university sector over the previous two decades” (vii).

Film studies, MacCabe feels, has developed a “narrowness and corporal punishment should sterility” (vii). It’s worth pausing on the ironies here. MacCabe was one of the moving spirits of Screen magazine in depression the 1970s, where the foundations of Lacanian and neo-Marxist film theory were laid. As MacCabe put it in 1974: “Given Screen ’s commitment to theoretical understanding of film, the magazine has been engaged over the last five years in the elaboration of the various advances in semiotics, structuralism, psychoanalysis and Marxism.” 1 It is this blend that has been endlessly reiterated in punishment should the precincts of academic film studies. Across many years, it was the orthodoxy.

For many of us, that trend seemed and still seems “narrow and sterile.” Judge for yourself, based on this passage signed by MacCabe from the golden age of Impacted Strategy Screen : The problem is to understand the terms of the construction of the subject and the modalities of the replacement of this construction in specific signifying practices, where “replacement” means not merely the repetition of the place of that construction but also, more difficultly, the supplacementthe overplacing: supplementation or, in corporal punishment be abolished certain circumstances, supplantation (critical interruption)of that construction in the place of its repetition. 2. It’s a remarkable sentence in many respects, but assuming that it can be explicated, what saves this intellectual project from 600 word, narrowness and sterility? In the 1970s MacCabe declared that this theory was committed to Marx’s concept of class struggle. Should Be Abolished? Exactly how Lacanian psychoanalysis was to assist the how to help your class struggle, and corporal should be abolished essay why it should be preferred to other means of assisting that struggle, was never made clear in Screen . Movement Essay? In any event, MacCabe trots this claim out again as another aim of #381;i#382;ek’s book, which “intervenes” in contemporary debates “without ever abandoning questions of class struggle and the unconscious” (viiiix). Once more, neither MacCabe nor #381;i#382;ek explains why one cannot be a good socialist without reading Lacan. (More on this below.) MacCabe’s objections apply, he says, not to film historians, who have conducted “vital and be abolished important [sic] work” (vii). This too harbors irony, since the Theoretical Correctness of Screen and expository and business its followers blocked historical research from corporal punishment should be abolished, developing in the 1970s.

Primary-document history was labeled “empiricist” and “positivist,” Screen published almost no such work, and for decades afterward, many historians feared being attacked for their lack of Grand Theory acumen. Efforts to study early cinema history, the history of the U.S. film industry, and Impacted Marketing the like emerged in quite different venues from the BFI publications. Now, however, MacCabe welcomes historical research as an area of corporal should essay film studies. Rather, it’s film theory that has become inert, “either banally rehashed or obtusely opposed” (viii). Though MacCabe isn’t specific, it seems that the obtuse opposition is incarnated in “ ‘Post#8209;Theory’ and How Have Media Marketing cognitivism” (viii). I say “seems” because this is as close as MacCabe gets to naming names: “For those followers of fashion who look for a retreat from Marx and Freud, a hideous mimicking of the corporal be abolished essay threadbare nonsense of the ‘third way,’ this book will be a grave disappointment” (viii). Just parsing this cryptic sentence raises questions: What fashion dictates a retreat from rights essay, Marx and Freud?

One would think that Post#8209;Theory was sweeping the corporal punishment essay academy. Expository Essay? And why didn’t MacCabe object to fashion when Screen theory was reiterated uncritically for decades? Presumably MacCabe finds Post#8209;Theory has parallels with Tony Blair and punishment New Labour’s “Third Way.” 3 What are these affinities? What grounds can MacCabe have for linking ideas about cinema floated by Midwest college professors to a crisis in British politics, let alone finding the parallels “hideous”? In any event, what’s wrong with positing alternatives to rights, intellectual positions? In any field of inquiry, can’t there be a third, or fourth, or fifth way of asking and answering questions?

Evidently MacCabe’s purpose isn’t to make a claim or back a case, merely to fulminate, but even his terms of abuse (“fashion,” “hideous,” “threadbare nonsense”) aren’t specific. Apart from reviving the allegiance of Lacan and should essay class struggle, MacCabe says, “#381;i#382;ek’s account of solve problems online Post#8209;Theory lays bare both its obvious fallacies and its more hidden vanities” (ix). On the contrary. Although MacCabe designated #381;i#382;ek his hitman, it’s more than a little surprising to find that at nearly every opportunity #381;i#382;ek doesn’t engage with the substantive arguments of Post#8209;Theory at all. There are three essays in the anthology that directly criticize the corporal psychoanalytic project in film theory: Stephen Prince’s “Psychoanalytic Film Theory and the Problem of the Missing Spectator”; my “Contemporary Film Studies and the Vicissitudes of Grand Theory”; and Noël Carroll’s “Prospects for Film Theory: A Personal Assessment.” How does #381;i#382;ek address the challenges these essays propose? His chief strategy consists of invective and essay rhetorical questions. “Does what [the Post#8209;Theory attacks] describe as Theory, or what they attribute to corporal, Theory, not read as a comically simplified caricature of Lacan, Althusser et al? Can one really take seriously Noël Carroll’s description of Gaze theorists?” (4). #381;i#382;ek takes you no further. No argument, no evidence, just dismissal à la MacCabe.

Then, #381;i#382;ek asks, who are the “Lacanians” referred to in Post#8209;Theory ? “Except for solve online, Joan Copjec, myself, and punishment be abolished essay some of my Slovene colleagues, I know of essay papers no cinema theorist who effectively accepts Lacan as his or her ultimate background” (2). He goes on to mention other writers, such as Laura Mulvey and corporal should be abolished essay Kaja Silverman, who accept Lacan’s descriptions of patriarchy but criticize him as a “phallogocentrist” (2). What’s odd here is that Carroll, Prince, and I don’t attack “Lacanians”; the phrase is how to not to be found in our essays. Prince concentrates on corporal should be abolished, Freud, while Carroll discusses Lacan as one ingredient of Media Impacted Marketing 1970s and 1980s film theory. My essay emphasizes what I call subject-position theory, of which Lacanian doctrines form only part. All three essays speak of psychoanalytic film theory and corporal psychoanalytically inclined theorists. To use a term #381;i#382;ek employs often in FRT , one might say that the Lacanians in papers these essays exist only punishment be abolished as his phantasms. In any event, he doesn’t try to fight these phantoms by defending Lacan’s account of how to depression mental life against its many rivals. He accepts, as we’ll see shortly, key premises of Lacanianism on faith, as do many people he wouldn’t characterize as deep-dyed Lacanians. Corporal Punishment Essay? #381;i#382;ek’s complaints about lumping Lacanians together diverts our attention from the point at issue. Whether Lacan forms an “ultimate background,” whatever that means, isn’t worth disputing. #381;i#382;ek knows perfectly well that a great many film scholars have cited Lacan and used his work to bolster theoretical or interpretive claims.

Although the three essays invoke many writers by and business, name (and my essay analyzes one essay by corporal should be abolished essay, the #381;i#382;ek-endorsed Lacanian Copjec), the crucial issue is the role Lacan’s theories play within the intellectual doctrines of contemporary film theory. This #381;i#382;ek doesn’t address. Once we get past rhetorical questions and diversionary tactics, #381;i#382;ek is given an excellent opportunity to women's rights movement essay, engage with Post#8209;Theory by Stephen Prince’s essay. Prince argues, I think plausibly, that psychoanalysis lacks reliable data on corporal punishment should be abolished essay, which to build its theories. Solve Online? Records of the clinical session are available only to the analyst (yielding “nontraceable disclosures”); there are no established standards for interpreting the patient’s discourse; and the analyst inevitably filters the full range of the patient’s reports, summarizing and inflecting them in her interpretation. Prince then argues that these failings are present in Freud’s own classic paper, “A Child is Being Beaten.” Prince goes on to suggest that psychoanalytic theory of corporal essay cinema is at a disadvantage because of catcher essay its weak account of perception and its resolute ignoral of the ways in which cinema resembles the world, both of which can be better accounted for by rival theories. There are many things #381;i#382;ek (and MacCabe, the book’s patron) would object to essay, here. Catcher In The Rye Symbolism? But #381;i#382;ek never discusses any of them. It’s entirely possible that Prince has mischaracterized psychoanalytic method, or has misread Freud’s paper, or has misunderstood Lacanian film theory. But #381;i#382;ek doesn’t make any effort to show weaknesses in the essay.

He merely mocks the title (p. 1). Should Essay? Likewise, you’d think that he’d slice my essay to ribbons. “Contemporary Film Studies” delineates two trends in the field, what I call subject-position theory (the Screen legacy) and culturalism. I trace those trends historically and try to show continuities between them. 600 Word Essay Term? The conceptual continuities I argue for involve social constructivism, theories of should be abolished essay subjectivity, the centrality of identification, and How Have Impacted Marketing Strategy an underlying commitment to semiotics. Be Abolished? I also argue that subject-position adherents and culturalists follow similar argumentative routines, notably a commitment to doctrine-driven inquiry, a fondness for pasting together ideas from quite divergent theorists, a reliance on association rather than linear reasoning, and How Have Social Strategy a commitment to hermeneutic applications of theory to films (producing “readings”). On each point I advance some critical remarks, including charges of self-contradiction. Corporal Should Be Abolished Essay? A philosopher ought to be rubbing his hands at the prospect of going after this essay. I could be vulnerable from many angles. #381;i#382;ek could attack my characterization of Freud, Lacan, and solve c programming online the rest; my critiques of should same; and above all my outline of the your depression two trends. Most important, although I didn’t have #381;i#382;ek in mind when I wrote the essay, he himself instantiates all the conceptual commitments and rhetorical habits I criticize.

His work is a pastiche of many, widely varying intellectual sources (from Ernest Laclau to Stephen Jay Gould). He is an associationist par excellence. His use of films is purely hermeneutic, with each film playing out allegories of theoretical doctrines. Punishment? And he never doubts his masters Hegel and Lacan, exemplifying the tendency I characterize this way: “The pronouncements of Lacan, Althusser, Baudrillard, et cie are often simply taken on rights movement, faith” (21). So my complaints should strike very close to home. Yet not a peep from #381;i#382;ek on any of these points. If I’m right, his theoretical program is corporal punishment should be abolished essay seriously on essay, the wrong track, but he feels no obligation to punishment should be abolished, engage with my claims. This isn’t the expository essay and business thinker MacCabe says is “determined to follow the logic of corporal punishment should essay any concept or text through to its bitter or sweet end” (FRT, viii). 4. Carroll and #381;i#382;ek 1: Reply as Confirmation. How Have Social Media Impacted Strategy? #381;i#382;ek is a philosopher, so perhaps we’d expect him to engage most fully with another of his profession. Noël Carroll’s essay “Prospects for Film Theory: A Personal Assessment” presents criticisms that are severe and pointed.

Carroll argues that proponents of Grand Theory embrace a monolithic conception of theorizing, conflate theorizing with interpreting specific films, use political correctness to attack their opponents, unwontedly charge opponents with “formalism,” and exhibit a bias against the concept of truth. Remarkably, #381;i#382;ek responds to not a single one of these charges. He doesn’t, contra MacCabe, lay bare any fallacies, nor does he mount what he promises in his introduction will be a “critical dialogue with cognitivist/historicist Post#8209;Theory” (7). What he does lay bare, apparently all unawares, are statements wide open to Carroll’s objections. Here is Carroll: Proponents of the Theory let on that the Theory grew out of the student movement and out of should a resistance to oppression everywhere. Consequently, from their point of view, criticism of the Theory virtually represents a clear and present danger to the very Revolution itself. Anyone who opposes the Theory, for whatever reason, is politically suspect.

Criticisms of the dubious psychoanalytic premises of the your depression Theory are denounced as reactionaryin a political sense!as if a belief in the equality of races requires assent to Lacan and the rest of the corporal essay pet paraphernalia of the Theory. (45). MacCabe’s evocation of the class struggle in his introduction strikes this note, as does #381;i#382;ek’s promise to show how Kieslowski’s work, “the site of antagonistic ideological tensions [sic], of the ‘class struggle in art’, can be redeemed by a Lacanian approach” (7). #381;i#382;ek begins his book by saying that the Post#8209;Theory trend is “often sustained by a stance of profound political resignation, by Social Media Impacted, a will to obliterate the traces and disappointments of political engagement” (13). The one piece of evidence he supplies for this is startlingly shaky. #381;i#382;ek takes the punishment should be abolished essay scholar Ben Brewster as “emblematic of the help your depression present-day state of cinema theory” (13). Why? Because Brewster shifted from being a proponent of Screen theory to becoming a film historian displaying an corporal punishment should be abolished essay “exclusive preoccupation with pre#8209;1917 cinema” (13). Why does this matter?

Because Brewster focuses on a period “prior to the October Revolution, as if to emphasise the how to help will to obliterate the corporal should be abolished essay trauma of the expository and business communication failed leftist involvement in Theory” (13). About #381;i#382;ek’s diagnosis that Brewster’s research constitutes a form of fetishistic disavowal reminiscent of a reluctance to look at corporal should be abolished essay, feminine genitals, I shall say nothing. I just want to How Have Social Marketing Strategy, point out that Brewster has not restricted his research to punishment should essay, cinema before 1917, not even in Media Marketing Strategy the book #381;i#382;ek mentions in a footnote, 5 so the tenuous thread of association fails even as a literary conceit. On its first page, FRT presents a strained reach for punishment essay, cleverness at the expense of nuance and accuracy. Catcher In The Rye Symbolism Essay? We’ll encounter this strategy again.

For our theorists, politics equals left politics equals the glory years of May 1968 theory. Be Abolished? Marx is always invoked, with nods to Eurocommunism, Althusser, and, surprisingly, Mao. 600 Word Term Papers? In 1974 MacCabe saluted the Chinese Cultural Revolution as proof that ideology remained a potent force. 6 In a recent DVD liner note on Godard’s Tout va bien , he describes the Cultural Revolution as Mao’s effort to have the Red Guards “revolt against corporal punishment should the ruling state and party apparatus. The young were encouraged to question authority and to insist on the importance of the class struggle.” 7 MacCabe doesn’t mention that Mao stirred up the young in order to how to help your, regain his power over that same party apparatus, or that the Red Guards were not encouraged to be abolished essay, question his authority, or that the ten years of expository and business communication Cultural Revolution shut down China’s education, exiled intellectuals to labor camps, destroyed centuries of punishment be abolished essay cultural artifacts, killed hundeds of thousands of people, and ruined the lives of millions more. #381;i#382;ek also invokes the Great Helmsman: “To put it in good old Maoist terms, the principal contradiction of today’s cinema studies. To continue in a Maoist vein, I am tempted to[identify a given opposition] as the second, nonantagonistic contradiction of cinema studies, to be resolved through discussion and self-criticism”(1, 2). Needless to say, why Maoism is 600 word term good as well as old doesn’t concern #381;i#382;ekperhaps because, like many of his other citations, this tip of the hat to be abolished essay, the cult of personality serves merely as an effort at knowing rhetoric. Certainly self-criticism doesn’t enter his text. And Business Communication? So Carroll’s diagnosisthat theoretical sallies are often justified by corporal punishment should be abolished essay, an unwarranted link to a particular brand of politicsis borne out by the very book seeking to demolish Carroll’s views. Similarly, Carroll’s essay argues that in catcher in the rye symbolism general film theories don’t necessarily bear traces of the theorist’s political orientation. “I have evolved theories of movie music and point-of-view editing, but they do not, in any sense that could be called logical, imply my political position about anything from gun control, to sexual harassment, to communal ownership of the means of production” (46). The reason is that theories generally underdetermine political viewpoints. “Given theories may be espoused by either the corporal punishment forces of light or the forces of darkness” (47).

We might expect this to arouse a sustained critique from #381;i#382;ek, who obviously doesn’t believe in the underdetermination of theories; but no such luck. Women's Rights Essay? He remains silent. There’s yet another moment in which #381;i#382;ek confirms Carroll’s critique. Carroll’s essay criticizes totalizing conceptions of be abolished essay theory: Under its aegis, the film theorist sets out to subsume every aspect of cinematic phenomena under the putative laws and solve categories of his or her minimally customized version of the reigning orthodoxy. Theorizing becomes the routine application of some larger, unified theory to questions of punishment should essay cinema, which procedure unsurprisingly churns out roughly the movement same answers, or remarkably similar answers, in punishment should be abolished essay every case.

The net result, in short, is expository essay and business communication theoretical impoverishment (41). And here is #381;i#382;ek, claiming that Post#8209;Theory. starts to behave as if there were no Marx, Freud, semiotic theory of corporal should be abolished ideology, i.e. as if we can magically return to some kind of naivete before things like the unconscious, the overdetermination of our lives by the decentred symbolic processes, and so forth became part of our theoretical awareness (14). #381;i#382;ek can’t entertain the Social Media prospect that ideas can be “part of our theoretical awareness” and still be invalid. Suppose, just suppose, that all these “things”points of doctrineare shot through with conceptual and empirical mistakes. This is what Prince, Carroll, and I are saying. Corporal Should Be Abolished Essay? We don’t ignore this theory; we criticize it.

Being skeptical about weak theories isn’t a return to innocence. It’s an advance; it can cast out error. The task is not to call us naïve but rather to show that the unconscious, the overdetermination of so on and so forth remain valid ideas. How To Help? The way to show this is not by waxing nostalgic for the days when everyone read Althusser, but by overcoming our criticisms. Yet in #381;i#382;ek’s hands, confirming Carroll’s objections once more, Lacanian theory functions as a set of axioms or dogmas rather than working ideas to be subjected to punishment should be abolished essay, critical discussion. Post#8209;Theory argues against the very idea of Theory and supports the idea of Social Media Impacted Strategy theories and be abolished theorizing (p. xiv).

Theories operate at women's rights movement essay, many levels of generality and tackle many different questions. Theorizing is punishment should a process of proposing, refining, correcting, and perhaps rejecting answers, in the context of a multidisciplinary conversation. But for #381;i#382;ek, the catcher in the essay unconscious, the punishment should be abolished overdetermination of our lives, and Media Impacted all the punishment should be abolished rest is Theory entire and whole. No intellectual activity (save “historical research”) lives outside it, and it can be discussed only by those already accepting the premises of its sacred texts. And once the only correct Theory is packaged with the only correct political attitudes, you have a powerful weapon against your depression anyone who differs. FRT confirms Carroll’s claim: “The Theory has been effectively insulated from sustained logical and empirical analysis by corporal essay, a cloak of political correctness” (45). Carroll and #381;i#382;ek 2: Dialectics of Inquiry and of Nature. #381;i#382;ek ignores almost all the substantive points Carroll makes in his essay. The one issue he singles out is Carroll’s proposal that film studies should be more self-consciously dialectical.

Carroll explains at several points what he means by this. In his sense, dialectics is an alternative to help, the method #381;i#382;ek embraces, that of deriving a film theory from should be abolished essay, axioms or first principles. Instead, dialectical exchange is a form of solve c programming debate, “defending one’s own theory by demonstrating that it succeeds where alternative theories falter” (56). Corporal Punishment Should Be Abolished Essay? More extensively: Theories are framed in specific historical contexts of research for the purpose of answering certain questions, and the relative strengths of theories are assayed by comparing the answers they afford to the answers proposed by alternative theories. This conception of Impacted Marketing Strategy theory evaluation is should be abolished essay pragmatic because: (1) it compares actual, existing rival answers to the questions at hand (rather than every logically conceivable answer); and (2) because it focuses on solutions to contextually motivated theoretical problems (rather than searching for answers to essay communication, any conceivable question one might have about cinema) (56). #381;i#382;ek does object to Carroll’s point, but he misconstrues it.

He says that this conception of dialectics is “simply the notion of cognition as the gradual progress of our always limited knowledge through the testing of corporal punishment should essay specific hypotheses” (14). Now this is plainly not what the passage quoted above says. #381;i#382;ek eliminates the communal and comparative dimensions of help depression inquiry Carroll invokes, and introduces “the testing of specific hypotheses.” He goes on to add that the process is “unending,” assigning to should be abolished essay, Carroll “a modest view of endless competive struggle” (15). But again, Carroll does not say that the expository and business communication process is corporal essay infinite. He says that by eliminating error and mounting sound theories, we can arrive at reliable if approximate truths. These theories may stand for a long time; perhaps a better theory will never come along (58). “There is no reason to concede that we cannot also craft film theories in c programming problems the here and now that are approximately true” (58). There is nothing inherently unending about this process. So #381;i#382;ek has misunderstood Carroll’s conception of dialectical inquiry. Corporal Punishment Should Essay? But that’s not all. Having rewritten Carroll’s claims, #381;i#382;ek blurts out: “Well, if this is dialectics, then Karl Popper, the most aggressive and women's rights movement essay dismissive critic of corporal should essay Hegel, was the greatest dialectician of them all!” (15). This expostulation encapsulates many assumptions, all of them questionable. First, Carroll’s conception of theory-building doesn’t follow Popper, since Carroll has made no reference to falsifiability as the key criterion for conjecture and women's rights refutation.

Carroll’s view of collective problem-solving through debate is a far broader position in punishment essay the philosophy of science than Popper’s account. Secondly, as Carroll points out in a subsequent version of essay term papers his essay, “an unbiased examination of the history of philosophy will show, I believe, that Hegel has no patent on dialectics.” 8 I’d go further and observe that the concept of punishment should essay dialectic derives from ancient Greece, and it simply means “conversing.” Carroll is using the concept in its most basic and uncontroversial sense. #381;i#382;ek could have distinguished Carroll’s use from that of other thinkers, notably Hegel, but that would require a careful and painstaking response, not a cri de cœur . To assume that Hegel possesses the essay only valid concept of the punishment should dialectic is something of an undergraduate howler. Finally, Carroll uses the your depression concept of the dialectic as a regulative and pragmatic principle of be abolished inquiry. #381;i#382;ek, like Hegel, believes that the dialectic also exists in the world, as a constitutive principle of nature, society, and indeed being itself. Thus #381;i#382;ek says that there is a dialectic informing the history of film style (pp. 2225). In this way, a particular version of dialectical inquiry is justified by an ontological assumption. #381;i#382;ek brooks no dispute on depression, this: again and again he refers to the “proper” use of dialecticsthe one forged by should, Hegel and, mysteriously, Freud (25).

But he nowhere defends Hegel’s idea of dialectic against the hosts of essay and business objections that have been raised by over a century of critics; nor does he defend his somewhat idiosyncratic version of Hegel. 9 Another philosophical slip#381;i#382;ek confuses epistemic criteria with ontological onesand another moment at which a canonical thinker becomes a security blanket. Punishment Should? #381;i#382;ek has one more cluster of How Have Media Impacted objections to Carroll’s conception of dialectical theory-building. “Dialectics proper,” he says, is distinguished by punishment, “the way the subject’s position of enunciation is included, inscribed into the process: the cognitivist speaks from the safe position of the excluded observer who knows the expository relativity and corporal should be abolished limitation of all human knowledge, including his own” (15). These are presumably the how to your “hidden vanities” to which MacCabe alludes. The easy answer to punishment essay, this claim is this: #381;i#382;ek uses enunciation theory as the basis for his objection. If you don’t accept a theory of enunciation (which neither Carroll nor I do), the objection fails. (Note, in passing, #381;i#382;ek’s invocation of enunciation theory rests upon the oft-cited liar paradox: the your semantic contradiction involved in saying “I am lying” supposedly exemplifies split subjectivity in all of language.) The equally obvious riposte is that Carroll, cited above, doesn’t believe in corporal punishment should the relativity of all human knowledge (he in fact argues against relativism) and instead argues that truth is to some degree attainable.

Once more #381;i#382;ek has misunderstood the claims he’s criticizing. Women's Rights Movement Essay? #381;i#382;ek goes on to create a sort of theoretical ad hominem . Should? Having ascribed “modesty” to the position he attacks, he goes on to say that it’s actually an arrogant view. But he does this by women's essay, again caricaturing the claims. “When I say, ‘The theory (which I am deploying) is just an impotent mental construct, while real life persists outside,’ or engage in similar modes of referring to punishment should essay, the wealth of pre-theoretical experience, the apparent modesty of such statements harbours the arrogant position of enunciation of the subject who assumes the Social Media Strategy capacity to compare a theory with ‘real life’” (15). In passing, I note that #381;i#382;ek here seems to equate the subject with an entity like an individual, capable of actions like assuming; but this is a philosophical error, as I point out in my Post#8209;Theory contribution (1415). Also in passing, I note that until #381;i#382;ek shows that enunciation theory is a plausible account of language or mental activity, his diagnosis, which wholly depends on this theory, need cause me no worries. Should Be Abolished Essay? More substantially, Carroll, Prince, and I never say or imply that our theoretical conjectures are “impotent mental constructs” when faced with the teeming reality outside our theories.

Where does he get this stuff? And what’s so arrogant about comparing a theory with real life? #381;i#382;ek does it all the time. Consider this passage from an interview, in which #381;i#382;ek is asked about his fondness for Lenin’s theories: What I like in Lenin is rye symbolism precisely what scares people about him-the ruthless will to discard all prejudices. Why not violence? Horrible as it may sound, I think it’s a useful antidote to all the aseptic, frustrating, politically correct pacifism.

Let’s take the campaign against smoking in the U.S. I think this is a much more suspicious phenomenon than it appears to be. If #381;i#382;ek can apply Leninist politics of violence to anti-smoking legislation (will he found a Cheka to purge nonsmokers?), I assume that other theorists aren’t being arrogant in talking of how comparatively harmless movies relate to the world we live in. Dialogue versus Monologue. Throughout #381;i#382;ek’s objections to Carroll’s notion of dialectical inquiry, one blind spot is evident. In his references to “testing hypotheses” and the isolated “subject of punishment should be abolished essay enunciation,” in his accounts of 600 word essay term dialectical thinking by the solitary theorist, he ignores the intersubjective dimension of theorizing. Dialectical inquiry proceeds because a researcher belongs to a community committed to both rational and corporal punishment be abolished empirical investigation.

Whatever one’s personal feelings about people arguing against you, the regulative ideal of solve problems online a research community is punishment be abolished respect for argumentation and evidence. People who don’t agree with you aren’t your enemies; their criticisms may be painful, but one cooperates with them in an effort to attain more conceptual precision and empirical adequacy. Yet consider what #381;i#382;ek claims in another book, in commenting on an essay in Post#8209;Theory : Lenin liked to point out that one could often get crucial insights into one’s own weaknesses from the perception of rights movement essay intelligent enemies. So, since the current essay attempts a Lacanian reading of David Lynch’s Lost Highway , it may be useful to start with a reference to corporal should be abolished essay, “Post#8209;Theory,” the recent cognitivist orientation of 600 word essay cinema studies that establishes its identity by a thorough rejection of Lacanian cinema studies. 10. Lenin, of corporal punishment should essay course, saw his political opponents as his enemies, and he dealt with them as such. But to characterize one’s intellectual opponents this way is revealing of papers #381;i#382;ek’s attitude toward debate. One doesn’t cooperate with enemies.

Another regulative principle of collective truth-seeking is dialogue. Whatever their personal motives, scholars are united in seeking logically sound theories that illuminate a range of phenomena. Punishment Should? That’s what allows debate to flourish. When the essay papers community norms flag, debate withers and theory becomes a chorus of monologues. Arguably, though, #381;i#382;ek fails to grasp the punishment should be abolished intersubjective dimension of theorizing because he doesn’t believe in 600 word term papers theory as a conversation within a community, a process of question and answer and should be abolished rebuttal. This construal of his attitude toward theory fits what we know of his intellectual demeanor. Consider these reports from an admiring journalist: 11. Bearded, disheveled, and loudBarely pausing to sit down, #381;i#382;ek launches into a monologue so learned and amusing that it could very well appearverbatimin one of the many books he has written (42). “Discussing Hegel and Lacan is 600 word papers like breathing for Slavoj.

I’ve seen him talk about theory for four hours straight without flagging,” says UCBerkeley’s Judith Butler. Corporal Punishment Should Be Abolished? When not mediated by c programming problems online, the printed page, however, the obsessive-compulsive quality that makes his hyperkinetic prose so exhilarating is somewhat overwhelmingeven, evidently, for #381;i#382;ek himself. Popping the occasional Xanax to settle his nerves, he tells me about his heart problems and panic attacks. As his eyes dart around the room and corporal punishment should be abolished his manic monologue becomes more frantic, I fear that I may be his last interviewer. #381;i#382;ek is like a performance artist who is rights movement essay terrified of abandoning the stage; once he starts talking, he seems unable to corporal should, stop (42). #381;i#382;ek has developed an elaborate set of and business communication psychological tricks to manipulate his American students and enable him to have as little contact with them as possible. At the first meeting of each course, he announces that all students will get an A and corporal punishment should essay should write a final paper only if they want to. “I terrorize them by creating a situation where they have no excuse for giving me a paper unless they think it is really good. Help Your Depression? This scares them so much, that out of corporal punishment should be abolished forty students, I will get only 600 word term a few papers,” he says. “And I get away with this because they attribute it to my ‘European eccentricity.’ ” #381;i#382;ek says that he deals with student inquiries in a similar spirit. “I understand I have to take questions during my lectures, since this is America and everybody is allowed to talk about everything. But when it comes to office hours, I have perfected a whole set of strategies for how to block this,” he says with a smirk. “The real trick, however, is to minimize their access to me and simultaneously appear to be even more democratic!” Initially, #381;i#382;ek scheduled office hours immediately before class so that students could not run on indefinitely. Then he came up with the idea of requiring them to corporal punishment be abolished essay, submit a written question in advance, on the assumption that most would be too lazy to 600 word essay papers, do it (they were). Corporal Should Essay? #381;i#382;ek reserves what he calls “the nasty strategy” for large lecture classes in which the students often don’t know one another. “I divide the time into six twenty-minute periods and then fill in the slots with invented names.

That way the students think that all the hours are full and essay papers I can disappear,” he claims (49). There’s a lot to digest hereparticularly the rich image of a theorist who pronounces on all things political, historical, aesthetic, and psychological criticizing Americans for being “allowed to talk about everything”but you don’t need to be either a cognitivist or a psychoanalyst to hazard one conclusion. An insistent monologist and a teacher confessing himself uninterested in student response might not be able to appreciate the community-driven nature of inquiry postulated by Post#8209;Theory . Corporal? This, then, is Media Impacted Marketing Strategy what #381;i#382;ek’s “critical dialogue” with Post#8209;Theory amounts to. Once more Carroll proves prophetic: “Sustained, detailed, intertheoretical debate and criticism is rare in the history of film theoryNowadays this tendency is particularly pronounced in discussions of cognitivism, which view is swiftly dismissed by castigating buzz-words like ‘formalism,’ or maybe ‘idealism,’ uttered just before the author goes on to repeat, at length, yet again, the received wisdom of Theory” (57). #381;i#382;ek obviously thinks that he has engaged in a critical dialogue, and he’s not alone. A review 12 of FRT praises #381;i#382;ek as “formidably well-read,” a “subtle theorist” able to operate “at the highest levels of psychological and corporal be abolished essay philosophical abstraction.” The book offers, in the reviewer’s opinion, “A mode of aesthetic analysis that fully describes the most spectral and intangible [sic] of film without compromising the underlying theoretical rigor.” Everything I’ve said so far indicates that I can’t agree. Where are the subtleties? Where is the rigor? The reviewer doesn’t say, passing over the book’s avowedly theoretical chapters in a couple of paragraphs.

Perhaps the reviewer accepts #381;i#382;ek’s own conception of Post#8209;Theory . The reviewer says that #381;i#382;ek’s “fierce critique” rests on and business, the idea that Post#8209;Theory “attempts to should, move away from a reliance on theory and back toward more empirical accounts of film.” Since anyone who read Post#8209;Theory would understand that we plead for better theories, not the elimination of solve c programming problems theoretical work, I have to conclude that the reviewer relies on #381;i#382;ek’s characterization of the punishment should book’s project. And this is a mistake, for #381;i#382;ek makes several errors. Rye Symbolism? First, he claims that the Post#8209;Theory collection is “a kind of manifesto” of cognitive film theory. 13 This flies in the face of the introduction to Post#8209;Theory , where Carroll and I say, “It needs to corporal should be abolished, be stressed that though a number of the solve c programming online articles in this volume are cognitivist, the volume itself is not a primer in cognitivism. The unifying principle in this book is that all the research included exemplifies the possibility of punishment should be abolished essay scholarship that is not reliant upon the psychoanalytic framework that dominates film academia (xvi).” Moreover, there is cognitivist film theory that isn’t “post-theoretical”; presumably many people pursuing cognition-based answers to theoretical questions don’t reject psychoanalysis from the standpoint we adopt. Many psychologists studying filmic perception have probably never heard of how to Jacques Lacan. I conclude that #381;i#382;ek uses the term “Post#8209;Theory” to sum up a broad movement he takes to corporal punishment, be emerging within film studies as the principal rival to the psychoanalytic (specifically, Lacanian) paradigm. Women's Rights Movement Essay? This makes a conveniently broad target, but only at the expense of subtlety and rigor. When #381;i#382;ek treats the Post#8209;Theory movement as “the cognitivist and/or historicist reaction” to Grand Theory ( FRT , 1), he displays a second confusion. Punishment Should Be Abolished? To call the historical essays collected in Post#8209;Theory “historicist” is at best ambiguous. In the relevant sense, historicism involves the women's rights essay belief that concepts held by historical agents at a given time are sui generis and can’t be unproblematically translated into terms available at the historian’s moment.

For example, Foucault’s position in “What Is an Author?” can be described as historicist. He posits that the corporal be abolished modern concept of the author came into existence at a particular time and place and can’t be presumed to operate in earlier circumstances. Essay Papers? But historicism in this sense plainly isn’t advocated or even presupposed by the historians in the Post#8209;Theory collection; their essays don’t take a position on this issue. Of course it’s possible that #381;i#382;ek simply means to indicate that the corporal should be abolished essays are historical studies; but then he’s misusing the term “historicism.” As a philosopher, #381;i#382;ek should be committed to clarifying terms rather than fogging them. At some point someone is likely to say that #381;i#382;ek is elusive because he’s playful. His flights of fancy try to get you to think outside the box; he’s a provocateur. I suppose this comes down to taste, but I find #381;i#382;ek not provocative at all. Praising Lacan, Lenin, and Mao seems to me not rebellion but a retread. And we come at some point to a matter of sincerity.

When is rights he not being playful? When is corporal punishment should essay he putting forth a claim he’s committed to? For example, in FRT he proposes that pictures have two frames, one external, one internal, “the frame implied by the structure of the Social Media Strategy painting” (130). “These two frames by definition never overlap” (130). 14 Yet in his prologue, #381;i#382;ek explains that at a conference, asked to comment on corporal should, a picture, he “engaged in a total bluff” (5) by positing the existence of these two frames. He goes on to make fun of Media people who took it seriously: To my surprise, this brief intervention was a huge success, and many following participants referred to the dimension in-between-the-two-frames, elevating it into punishment should essay a term. This very success made me sad, really sad.

What I encountered here was not only the efficiency of a bluff, but a much more radical apathy at the very heart of today’s cultural studies (6). The postmodern emperor doesn’t need a child in the crowd to point out his nakedness; he does so himself, and c programming online mourns the fact that he fooled so many. Corporal Should? But the question nags us: Are we to believe the two-frames theory when it’s floated later in the book? Evidently not, since it’s admittedly a bluff. But perhaps #381;i#382;ek really believes the theory, so that in the prologue, when he says that his theory is a bluff, he’s bluffing. This compels us to ask: Might not everything he says about Lacan, Post#8209;Theory, and the rest be a bluff akin to the two-frames bluff? No wonder #381;i#382;ek takes the Liar’s Paradox to be the prototype of language use. What others might find a dizzying display of how to help depression academic cleverness makes me sad too, but perhaps in a different way. Are we wasting our time in expecting #381;i#382;ek to offer reasonable arguments? Fundamental questions of responsibility arise here, especially in relation to corporal punishment be abolished essay, a writer not hesitant to condemn the beliefs and actions of essay and business communication others.

It’s tedious to be lectured on morality and ethics from someone who casually announces petty acts of deceit, like sneaking out of office hours or fooling gullible academics who are eager to take a master’s every word as a revelation. “Well,” #381;i#382;ek or a sympathetic reviewer might ask me, “can’t we say that he engages seriously and straightforwardly with your claims? He has much to say about your book, On the History of Film Style and your claims about contingent universals in one essay of Post#8209;Theory .” He does indeed. Should Be Abolished Essay? I was surprised, however, that when he turns on his analytical powers, how little his objections amount to. In The Rye Symbolism Essay? I’ve made my reply in Figures Traced in Light (260264), so I won’t rehash it here. I think I show that when #381;i#382;ek tries to be serious and dismantle an argument critically, the results are vague, digressive, equivocal, contradictory, and either obviously inaccurate or merely banal. This might explain why he so seldom tries to be analytical.

Vagueness, digressions, equivocations, etc. are less apparent if you’re playful. But we can forgive all this, others will reply, because #381;i#382;ek is such a lively writer. Recall that Boynton, above, calls his prose “hyperkinetic” and “exhilarating,” and names him “a dazzlingly acute thinker and corporal essay prose stylist.” Frankly, I can’t imagine Boynton and I are reading the same writer. As with many contemporary theorists, #381;i#382;ek’s dominant register is what Frederick Crews has called ponderous coyness. How To Help Depression? 15 His humor is academic, and academic humor is to humor as military intelligence is to intelligence.

As for corporal punishment should, the texture of the prose, try to find the acuteness and essay and business hyperkinesis here: The underlying principle and support of this thesis of the symbolic order is that, in each field of meaning, if this field is to be ‘totalised,’ there has to be an additional/excessive signifier which, as it were, gives a positive figure to that which cannot be properly included into this field, somewhat like Spinoza’s well-known criticism of the punishment should be abolished traditional personalized notion of God: at the point at which our positive knowledge of the causal links fails, we supplement this lack with the idea of ‘God,’ which, instead of women's rights essay providing a precise idea of a cause, just fills in the lack of this idea. ( FRT , 6465). Not only is this an corporal punishment should essay obscure and women's pretentious way of recycling a familiar post-Structuralist idea, the sentences aren’t minimally well-written. (I grant that “as it were” is a nice touch, as if the corporal should essay entire passage weren’t built on metaphors and supposition.) In all, this writing style isn’t a good way to achieve #381;i#382;ek’s goal of distinguishing “Theory proper” from 600 word papers, “its jargonistic imitation” ( FRT , 5). What makes people think that #381;i#382;ek writes gracefully, I think, is the corporal should essay casual way he drops in movies, current event, and problems homely examples. So this: “These partial objets petit a are neither subjective nor objective, but the corporal punishment should be abolished essay short-circuit of the two dimensions: the subjective stain/stand-in that sustains the order of and business communication objectivity, and punishment should the objective ‘bone in the throat’ that sustains subjectivity” ( FRT , 65) is followed by: “Does this not provide the reason why, in problems online so-called caper films?” ( FRT , 66). A stretch of corporal punishment should churned mud is softened by a stream of colorful, if far-fetched, examples. Cutely illustrating an ontological concept through mundane instances seems to make for essay, a user-friendly approach.

In every appreciation of corporal punishment essay #381;i#382;ek, there is a sentence somewhere marveling at how his vision sweeps from lofty abstraction to pop-culture examples. “He takes in subjects including national cuisines, the Cathar heresy and the literature and film of the GDR, citing Plato, Hegel, Derrida, Heidegger and more” (Monroe, “Fright of Real Theory”). But such potshot erudition is in fact quite easy to achieve. If academics are this easily impressed by name-dropping, no wonder #381;i#382;ek’s bluffs find success. And from help your depression, this standpoint, #381;i#382;ek’s claim that correct thought moves from universal concepts to singular manifestations can be seen to serve the strategic purpose of justifying his grandiloquent rhetorical leaps from the sublime to the ridiculous, from Leninist strictures on be abolished essay, violence to anti-smoking legislation. Finally, I’m left with the question: Why do #381;i#382;ek and MacCabe elevate a single anthology ( Post#8209;Theory ) into a movement (Post#8209;Theory)? The book has won little attention, and no one else has built it into a mighty opposite to Lacanian theory.

I can only speculate. My hunch is that both #381;i#382;ek and MacCabe see intellectual work as a struggle for power. How Have Social Marketing Strategy? Recall their admiration for corporal essay, the likes of Lenin and Mao, note their rhetoric of enemies and obtuse opposition, and help then observe that other passages suggest that by calling for conceptual and empirical theorizing, Post#8209;Theory aligns itself with science. And science is a threat. After telling us that no quantum physicists worry about the ontology of corporal punishment be abolished essay what they observe (I suspect this will depend on what you mean by ontology), #381;i#382;ek complains: The objectivised language of experts and scientists. . Communication? .can no longer be translated into the common language, available to everyone, but is present in it in the mode of be abolished essay fetishized formulae that no one really understands, but which shape our artistic and popular imaginary (Black Hole, Big Bang, Superstrings, Quantum Oscillations). Expository Essay? The gap between scientific insight and common sense is unbridgeable, and it is this very gap which elevates scientists into the popular cult-figures of the ‘subjects supposed to know’ (the Stephen Hawking phenomenon) ( FRT , 67). As usual, any few lines of corporal punishment #381;i#382;ek demand both glossing and interrogation.

He starts by talking about common language, then shifts to solve problems online, talking about common sense; but the two aren’t the same. Although many scientific ideas violate common sense, they can be put in intelligible language. Can it really be said that science writers like Stephen Gould, Richard Dawkins, Matt Ridley, Jared Diamond, Deborah Blum, Helena Cronin, John Gribbin, and James Gleick can’t explain difficult scientific concepts to readers prepared to spend a little time thinking? Moreover, given #381;i#382;ek’s tortured style, does he seem to have any regard for writing in a “common language, available to punishment, everyone”? And if it’s wrong for scientists to be elevated as “subjects supposed to know,” why isn’t the same stricture applied, say, to Freud and Lacan, who have become far more Delphic oracles than Einstein or Hawking? Or even applied to the “popular cult-figure” of the help depression larger-than-life, I-am-ze-bull European intellectual who says outrageous things in order to rouse us from our bourgeois slumber? Needless to say, #381;i#382;ek is should essay strategically vague; his comments evoke attitudes, not arguments. Nor does he mention that, whatever cult value may attend to scientists in How Have Social Marketing Strategy the popular press, the general public remains remarkably resistant to scientific findings and scientific thinking. Most Americans believe in angels and a literal place called Hell.

Most accept astrology, consider the punishment should essay theory of evolution unfounded, and think that dinosaurs and essay term humans lived at the same time. This state of affairs, surely related to the class struggle, won’t be changed by another gloss on should be abolished, the concept of suture. Someone will remark that at least #381;i#382;ek loves movies. Rights Movement Essay? To this there’s an corporal punishment easy reply. Who doesn’t? 1 : Colin MacCabe, “Days of Hope-A Response to Colin McArthur,” Screen 17, 1 (Spring 1976), 103. 2 : Ben Brewster, Stephen Heath, and Colin MacCabe, “Comment,” Screen 16, 2 (Summer 1975), 87.

3 : Thanks to Benjamin Noys for pointing this out to catcher rye symbolism, me. 4 : I can’t resist adding that #381;i#382;ek’s third chapter, devoted to the notion of suture, misses another opportunity. Instead of recycling confused 1960s and corporal punishment should essay 1970s claims about point-of-view cutting, he could have attacked the cognitivist criticisms of suture theory that I float in Narration in the Fiction Film (Madison, 1985), 110113. Women's Rights Essay? 5 : Ben Brewster and Lea Jacobs, Theatre to Cinema: Stage Pictorialism and the Early Feature Film (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998). Corporal Punishment Should? See the many discussions of rights movement 1917 releases in the book, as well as the analysis of (1919), 133-136. See also Ben Brewster, “The Circle: Lubitsch and be abolished the Theatrical Farce Tradition,” Film History 13, 4 (2001), 372389. 6 : Ben Brewster and Colin MacCabe, “Editorial: Semiology and Sociology,” Screen 15, 1 (Spring 1974), 78. 7 : Colin MacCabe, “Postscript to May 1968,” Tout va bien program booklet, Criterion DVD no. 275 (2005), 20. 9 : I say idiosyncratic because #381;i#382;ek says (and he’s apparently not being playful here): “The basic rule of dialectics is thus: whenever we are offered a simple enumeration of subspecies of a universal species, we should always look for in the rye symbolism essay, the exception to the series” (27).

I’m not sure that Hegel would agree that this is the basic rule, but it’s a good research strategy. Always look out for counterexamples to universal claimsespecially those made by psychoanalytic theory! Remarkably, #381;i#382;ek goes on: “For example, it is my conjecture that the key to Hitchcock’s entire opus [sic] is the film which is integral and at should be abolished essay, the same time an exception. 600 Word Term? The Trouble with Harry (1954)” (27). Ontology and corporal punishment essay epistemology, not argued for expository communication, but rather illustrated, and by a Hitchcock movie at that: such is the punishment should be abolished zigzag of the #381;i#382;ekian dialectic. 11 : All these quotations come from Robert S. Boynton, “Enjoy Your #381;i#382;ek!” Lingua Franca 8, 7 (October 1998): 4150. 12 : Alexei Monroe, “The Fright of Real Theory,” in c programming problems Kinoeye: New Perspectives on punishment should be abolished essay, European Film , available at rye symbolism, http:/www.kinoeye.org/01/04/monroe04.php.

14 : To be fussily philosophical, if this distinction is true “by definition” it can only be a deductive truth (which it obviously isn’t) or a stipulative definition posited by the speaker. If it’s the latter, we require further conceptual or empirical proof that the stipulation is reasonable. #381;i#382;ek provides none. 15 : Frederick Crews, “‘Kafka Up Close’: An Exchange,” New York Review of Books (7 April 2005), 80. have comments about the state of this website? go here.

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Should corporal punishment be abolished in schools?

cope homework Hello my dear readers, After 10 years here at How to punishment should be abolished, Cope with Pain , I will finish writing this month. This website and blog will continue to be available to you for reference. Your? To help with that, I’ve reorganized the whole website and should be abolished, blog so the Social Impacted articles are easily accessible. I hope you’ll return often, and continue to practice all the skills we’ve reviewed here.

Here is the organized index of all of our articles: How to Cope with Pain Index. I have enjoyed writing for you. It’s helped me learn so much about pain and I hope it’s been useful for punishment should be abolished you. And Business? Thank you for your enthusiasm, your great questions and comments, and just for visiting and reading. I’ll continue to have my practice in chronic pain medicine, as it’s my calling and corporal be abolished essay, passion. And I may be working on 600 word essay term a book!

Best wishes and take care, How to Cope with Pain. *** To get every new article delivered to you for free the instant they're published, sign up for How to Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . How to Be Happier Class in corporal punishment should be abolished, Philly How to solve c programming problems, Be Happier Class in Philly. · Comments Off on How to corporal punishment should be abolished, Be Happier Class in solve online, Philly. Would you like to continue to explore increasing your happiness? We’ve been learning skills for corporal should the last couple of months here. Starting in January, I’ll be teaching a 6-week series on catcher rye symbolism this topic, How to Be Happier . Corporal Punishment Be Abolished? The classes will be on Saturdays from 10am – 11am on these dates: Jan 21 and rye symbolism essay, 28, and Feb 4, 11, 18, and 25. We will meet at St Martin’s in the Field in Philadelphia. The fee for the series is $60. Hope to see you! *** To get every new article delivered to you for free the instant they're published, sign up for should How to Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . Comments Off on How to Be Happier Class in Social Impacted Strategy, Philly Tags: 1.

Increase Your Happiness: Use Your Strengths. · Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness: Use Your Strengths. This article is in our series about corporal punishment, increasing happiness and life satisfaction . Many people with chronic pain can’t decrease their pain. So another way to live a more enjoyable and fulfilling life – perhaps even more important – is to online, increase the positive. Punishment Should Be Abolished? That’s what we’ll look at in the rye symbolism, in this series. Let’s look at punishment be abolished, the other big component of happiness: life satisfaction and How Have Media Impacted, meaning. “The meaning of life is _______.” Positive psychology believes that we’ll find our life’s purpose and be happier if we use our core strengths as much as possible. And this is even more important than trying to corporal be abolished essay, improve ourselves and Social Media Impacted Marketing, fix our weaknesses. Corporal Punishment Should Be Abolished Essay? The core strengths are in these areas: wisdom and knowledge (curiosity, learning, open mindedness) courage (bravery, integrity) love and humanity (kindness, love, equality) justice (teamwork, leadership) temperance (self control, humility) spirituality (gratitude, faith, hope)

We can identify our core strengths by catcher rye symbolism essay learning what gives us the corporal most sense of purpose, what matches best with our values, what comes naturally to us, what others say are our true strengths. Then our life’s meaning can come from using these strengths and values every day in our work, relationships and rights movement, leisure. Should Essay? Let’s look at some examples: For some professions, it’s easy to see what kind of strengths could be used. A doctor could use knowledge and humanity. A teacher could use learning and kindness. A yoga teacher could use temperance and spirituality. C Programming Problems Online? However, if someone went into medicine but wasn’t much of a people person, trying to do clinical care might not match very well.

This person might make a better researcher. A second point is that you don’t have to have a profession to be able to match your values to your work. There’s a front desk worker at my gym who is the friendliest, most personable person I know. So that kind of job could be a wonderful way to express values such as open mindedness, kindness, and corporal be abolished essay, hope. So to be happiest and get the rights most satisfaction out of life, be sure your work, relationships and leisure match your strengths and values. And, always be on corporal be abolished the lookout for additional ways to use your strengths and values in these areas. Take the Brief Strengths Test or the more comprehensive Survey of Character Strengths Take some time to How Have Social Marketing, identify what strengths you’re already using, as well as which ones you want to include more often and how specifically you could do this. *** To get every new article delivered to you for free the instant they're published, sign up for How to Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness: Use Your Strengths Tags: 1. · Comments Off on How to Get Even More Enjoyment!

This article is in our series about increasing happiness and life satisfaction . Many people with chronic pain can’t decrease their pain. So another way to live a more enjoyable and fulfilling life – perhaps even more important – is to increase the punishment should be abolished positive. That’s what we’ll look at in this series. Let’s look at ways to increase our enjoyment of pleasures: Pleasures are positive, enjoyable experiences. One of my pleasures is chocolate ice cream. However, if I were to how to help your depression, eat that every day for corporal punishment should be abolished essay every meal, it wouldn’t seem special and I would actually begin to like it less. One way to get the most out of pleasures is to vary them.

Here are some ways to vary pleasures: different times of day (a great cup of coffee in the morning or a special piece of chocolate for solve problems dessert after dinner) different types of pleasure (use your senses – sight, hearing, touch, smell) different intensity of pleasures (thrill to should be abolished essay, fun to relaxation) Another way to increase your pleasure is to plan surprises. You can do this for and business communication others (they will get pleasure and you will enjoy surprising someone else) and make a plan with a friend or family member to surprise each other with enjoyable things. Add a different type of pleasure each day. Corporal Punishment Essay? Add a surprise pleasure once this week. *** To get every new article delivered to you for free the 600 word term papers instant they're published, sign up for How to Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . Comments Off on How to Get Even More Enjoyment! Tags: 1.

Pain Management Class: Breathing Exercises Part 1. · Comments Off on Pain Management Class: Breathing Exercises Part 1. This article is in our series featuring pain management techniques to help you decrease and cope with pain. It’s your at-home pain management class! The first skills that I teach patients are relaxed breathing exercises . Corporal Punishment Should Essay? These help you reduce pain by helping you relax. Here are 2 for women's rights movement you to try: You can use these exercises in several ways: read through the exercise and then do it from corporal punishment be abolished memory (it doesn’t have to be done exactly as I’ve written it) tape record the exercise yourself, then play it back for yourself (you can even do this on your cellphone) have someone else read or record the exercise for you. Your assignment: Do at in the rye symbolism, least 1 breathing exercise a day. *** To get every new article delivered to you for free the punishment should instant they're published, sign up for women's movement How to Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . Comments Off on Pain Management Class: Breathing Exercises Part 1 Tags: 1. · Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness: Pleasure.

This article is in our series about increasing happiness and life satisfaction . Many people with chronic pain can’t decrease their pain. Punishment Should? So another way to live a more enjoyable and fulfilling life – perhaps even more important – is to increase the positive. That’s what we’ll look at in this series. Pleasures are positive, enjoyable experiences. Pleasures create immediate happiness and enjoyment.

Many pleasurable experiences are associated with basic biological drives, such as eating, exercise and sex. Activities such as art, music, dancing and reading are also often pleasurable. Authentic Happiness looks at solve c programming online, 3 levels of pleasures: Hi pleasure : causes emotions such as thrill and elation Moderate pleasure : causes emotions such as sparkle, glee, fun Low pleasures causes emotions such as comfort, harmony and relaxation. We are usually aware of what brings us pleasure. Corporal Punishment Should Be Abolished Essay? I love walking in the wood, a bowl of chocolate ice cream and a funny TV show. Your assignment: Add in expository communication, a pleasure each day. Schedule something specific to be sure you have at least 1 thing every day.

In the punishment essay next article, we’ll look at ways to increase pleasure. *** To get every new article delivered to you for How Have Social Media Impacted Marketing free the instant they're published, sign up for should be abolished How to how to help depression, Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness: Pleasure Tags: 1. · Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness: Hope. This article is in our series about increasing happiness and corporal punishment essay, life satisfaction . 600 Word Essay Papers? Many people with chronic pain can’t decrease their pain. So another way to live a more enjoyable and fulfilling life – perhaps even more important – is to increase the positive. Corporal Punishment Should Essay? That’s what we’ll look at in this series. To be more hopeful, we can learn to essay, recognize our pessimistic thoughts and then change them to be more hopeful. You can use “ABCD” (I’ve slightly changed the acronym from punishment should Authentic Happiness ). B – What are the beliefs that you’re having because of solve c programming problems, this event? (Beliefs are just thoughts; they are not necessarily true.) So let’s look at some examples: A – Susan wasn’t invited to the wedding of a coworker Ann. B – Susan starts to think, “I was left out.

Maybe everyone else was invited and Ann doesn’t like me. Corporal Punishment Essay? Maybe no one really likes me at work.” (See how our thoughts can spiral?) C – Susan feels upset and sad because of these thoughts. D – To dispute these thoughts, Susan can do several things: look for evidence to 600 word term, see if her thoughts are true or not. (“It’s true I wasn’t invited, but Ann is generally friendly to punishment be abolished, me. A few weeks ago, we had lunch. So it’s probably not true that she doesn’t like me.) And Susan can look for evidence for essay the opposite, (“For many other things, I’ve been included, so it’s probably not true that no one likes me at work. Should Be Abolished? Actually, I usually feel friendly with my coworkers.”) look for less serious implications . (“It’s true I wasn’t invited, but she did mention she’s having a small wedding. I was probably not invited because of the size of her wedding, not because she doesn’t like me.”) Here’s another example: A – Colin’s new pain medication didn’t work.

B – Colin starts to think, “This one didn’t work, just like that last one. I bet there’s no medication that will help me. I’ll be left with this pain for How Have Marketing my whole life.” C – Colin starts to feel discouraged and hopeless. D – To dispute these thoughts, Colin can do several things: evaluate if the thought is helpful or not . (“Being that pessimistic isn’t useful to me. It’s just getting me down.) Just because you have a thought, doesn’t mean you have to believe it. come up with alternative thoughts. (“Pain is hard to should, treat. Just because 2 medications haven’t worked doesn’t mean none will.

I’ll talk with my doctor at my next visit about what medication I can try next. And I’ll also ask her about non-medication ways I can use to cope with my pain.”) Your assignment: Practice ABCD for one negative event each day. Look for pessimistic thoughts and expository essay and business, dispute them. *** To get every new article delivered to corporal, you for women's essay free the corporal punishment should essay instant they're published, sign up for How to problems online, Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness: Hope Tags: 1. Increase Your Happiness – Optimism Examples. · Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness – Optimism Examples. This article is in our series about increasing happiness and life satisfaction . Many people with chronic pain can’t decrease their pain. So another way to live a more enjoyable and fulfilling life – perhaps even more important – is to punishment should essay, increase the positive. That’s what we’ll look at in this series. Let’s look at How Have Social Media Impacted Marketing, some optimism examples , using optimism to increase happiness.

Optimists believe there are permanent and punishment be abolished essay, universal causes for positive events. Optimists generalize positive causes and Strategy, expect them to continue. Positive Event Example : We had a little time left over in a meeting at work this week. I suggested we might share how we each deal with a common problem one person was having trouble with – getting back to should be abolished, sleep while being on call. Several people thanked me and the person who was having difficulty said, “That was really kind.” I initially said to myself, “Yes, that was helpful and kind.” To be even more optimistic, I could say, “I’m a kind person. Essay And Business Communication? I often look for ways to help people.” Optimists believe there are temporary and specific causes for negative events. These causes can be changed and they only apply to this one specific negative event. Negative Event Example: I signed up to sell some of punishment should be abolished essay, my charity notecards at a craft fair, but there were few buyers.

I didn’t question the expository essay value of my cards. Punishment Should Be Abolished? I recognized that the fair wasn’t a great place for selling – most people came just to walk outside and have lunch. Rye Symbolism? And I learned what type of fair I’ll look for in the future. Keep tracking your reactions to positive and negative events, and look for explanations that are more optimistic. *** To get every new article delivered to you for free the instant they're published, sign up for How to Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness – Optimism Examples Tags: 1.

Increase Your Happiness – Optimism. · Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness – Optimism. This article is in our series about increasing happiness and life satisfaction . Many people with chronic pain can’t decrease their pain. So another way to live a more enjoyable and should, fulfilling life – perhaps even more important – is to how to, increase the positive. Should? That’s what we’ll look at in this series. Optimism about the future hinges on solve problems what’s called our “explanatory style” – what we believe the corporal punishment should essay causes are of rights essay, good and bad events. Optimists believe there are permanent and universal causes for positive events. Essay? Optimists generalize positive causes and expect them to continue. The teacher liked my answer.

It’s because I always work hard on my homework ( permanent ), and I always work hard in general ( universal ). Optimists believe there are temporary and solve c programming, specific causes for negative events. These causes can be changed and they only apply to this one specific negative event. I failed the exam. It’s because I didn’t prepare well this time ( temporary ), or I had a hard time with just this section ( specific ). Pessimists are the reverse – they believe there are temporary and specific causes for positive events, (The teacher liked my answer because he was having a good day today). Corporal Punishment Should Essay? And there are permanent and universal causes for negative events, (I failed the exam because I’m not very smart). So first I’d like you to investigate your own explanatory style. Each day, take 2 events, 1 positive and 1 negative – and see what you’re thinking about the 600 word essay cause of the event. Look at corporal punishment, both permanence (is the cause permanent or temporary?) and in the essay, pervasiveness (is the cause universal or specific?).

Next week we’ll look at how to corporal should essay, change our style is we’re more pessimistic. Your assignment: Evaluate your explanatory style for 1 positive and 1 negative event each day. *** To get every new article delivered to you for free the expository instant they're published, sign up for How to Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness – Optimism Tags: 1. Increase Your Happiness – Learn to Forgive. · Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness – Learn to Forgive. This article is in our series about increasing happiness and corporal, life satisfaction . Many people with chronic pain can’t decrease their pain. So another way to live a more enjoyable and fulfilling life – perhaps even more important – is to increase the positive. That’s what we’ll be looking at in this series. Let’s look at forgiving and forgetting your past.

We’re often mulling over past problems and bad memories. 600 Word Term? By doing that, we’re keeping them with us and punishment should essay, continuing to suffer. A quote I liked from Authentic Happiness: You can’t hurt the perpetrator by not forgiving, But you can set yourself free by expository and business communication forgiving.

It may be something we ourselves did that we can’t forgive ourselves for, or something that was done to should be abolished essay, us that we can’t forget. The goal is to solve c programming problems online, forgive, when you’re ready. If you’re not ready, work on corporal punishment should be abolished getting ready. Forgiveness is not forgetting what was done, or ignoring something bad, or just being nice. It’s moving on How Have Social Media Impacted Marketing Strategy and letting go of the situation’s hold on us. Authentic Happiness recommends these steps, “REACH”: R – recall the hurt objectively E – empathize with the corporal should essay perpetrator A – give the Social Media Impacted Marketing Strategy altruistic gift of punishment be abolished, forgiveness (rise above your hurt and in the essay, thoughts of revenge) C – commit to forgive; write it down or say it H – hold on to forgiveness; continue to corporal punishment should be abolished essay, practice it. Let’s start with something small – someone doesn’t wait their turn at a 4 way stop sign, and cuts you off. R – recall. Remember the situation. Notice your feelings.

Now create a story without all the blame and anger towards the other driver. E – empathize. Perhaps they weren’t paying attention. Perhaps they were in a rush. Have you ever done something similar? Have compassion. How Have Social Media Marketing Strategy? Put the should be abolished essay mistake in perspective.

A – altruistic forgiveness. Forgive the other person. It’s ok. C – commit to forgive. Say it out loud. Imagine your irritation floating away. 600 Word? H – hold on.

If your irritation returns, practice compassion and wish for peace for the other person. So each day write down a mistake you made or a grievance you have towards someone else. Practice “REACH”. For small things, you might find it easy to forgive. Practicing with small things exercises our “forgiveness muscle”, and we’ll be better able to let go of bigger things.

Your assignment: Do this exercise once a day. *** To get every new article delivered to you for free the instant they're published, sign up for corporal How to Cope with Pain by email or RSS feed . Comments Off on Increase Your Happiness – Learn to Social Impacted Strategy, Forgive Tags: 1.

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