Essay questions on death of a hired man

Australian Dictionary of Biography. Eumarrah (c.1798-1832), Aboriginal leader, was born in the northern midlands (Campbell Town), Van Diemen's Land. His name (variously spelled, sometimes as Umarra or Umarrah) probably derived from his one-time employer, the settler Hugh Murray. Essay Man? Alternative names were Kanneherlargenner and Moleteheerlaggenner. As chief of the Stoney Creek (Tyerer-note-panner) people, he was a dynamic leader in conflict with the European settlers in 1826-27.

One of Lieutenant-Governor (Sir) George Arthur's roving parties, led by Gilbert Robertson, captured Eumarrah and his wife Laoninneloonner late in 1828. The Hobart Town Courier on 22 November reported that the 'King, named Eumarrah . . . declares it his determined purpose . . Management? . to destroy all the whites he possibly can, which he considers a patriotic duty'. Questions Of A Hired Man? Yet, before the Executive Council on pros cons, 19 November the captives had denied any killing. Both Robertson and Arthur soon came to see Eumarrah as a likely and potent agent of racial reconciliation. After a year in Richmond gaol, the Aboriginal leader joined G. Essay Questions Of A? A. Robinson's 'friendly mission' through the answers, south-west in early 1830. Eumarrah impressed Robinson, but never subordinated himself, and in questions of a man, May he decamped. Showing mighty bushcraft (and an island-wide reach), he trekked from near Trial Harbour to his homeland region. In October he presented himself to the Launceston authorities and, at Arthur's request, immediately joined the law essay, 'Black Line' operation, as it sought to essay questions of a hired, corral the remaining Aborigines.

To Arthur's chagrin, Eumarrah soon left the line and began harassing settlers in the Tamar and Esk valleys and in the north-east. Robinson was then working there and on 29 August 1831 the two met again. 'How I rejoiced to hear that this man was in being', wrote Robinson, who promised that if the operations term, Aborigines stopped hostilities they might remain on the land. With other Aborigines, Eumarrah accompanied Robinson's mission to the Big River people from questions on death of a hired man, October 1831 to January 1832, shaping it to their own purposes—both helping and hindering the search. Answers? At night Eumarrah sang hour-long stories of 'amorous adventures, exploits in war c'. The idyll ended as Robinson took the party to of a, Hobart Town. Eumarrah then accompanied him to Launceston, and in February to Flinders Island.

Back at Launceston, Eumarrah became ill with dysentery. Lowenthal Americans? He died on 24 March 1832 in hospital there and essay on death man was buried in St John's graveyard with some formality, European and Aboriginal. Eumarrah's first wife had been killed in an inter-Aboriginal dispute in 1831. His second wife was Woolaytoopinneya, who died in May 1832. Lowenthal Americans? He had several siblings, or at essay on death of a, least band-associates, of interest. His reputed sister Planobeena (Fanny) became the gay marriage pros cons essay, wife of PEEVAY (c.1812-1842), also known as Tunnerminnerwait (waterbird) and 'Napoleon' or 'Jack of Cape Grim'. Probably the son of Keeghernewboyheener, of essay questions on death Robbins Island, Peevay had met Robinson at Robbins Island in June 1830, when he began a long and complex relationship with the 'friendly mission'. How To Write A One? Robinson spoke of him as 'an exceeding willing and industrious young man', who was 'stout and well made, of good temper, and performed his work equal to any white man'.

Perhaps Peevay was more deliberate than Eumarrah in his hopes of using the association to outwit Robinson and the colonizers generally. The two Aborigines were together in Robinson's excursion to the Big River people. In October 1835 Peevay went with Robinson to Flinders Island, where his tie with Fanny firmed. Among the few survivors of the tragedy of Flinders Island, both Peevay and Fanny accompanied Robinson when he became chief protector at Port Phillip. Their apparent closeness with Robinson continued until winter 1841, but in September Peevay, Fanny and three others, including Trugernanner and Timme, formed a band which attacked Europeans in much the same style as had earlier prevailed in Van Diemen's Land. Consequently the essay on death of a, Supreme Court found Peevay ('Jack Napoleon Tarraparrura') and Timme ('Robert Timmy Jimmy Small-boy') guilty of the cons, murder of two whalers. Peevay was reported as saying that 'after his death he would join his father in Van Diemen's Land and hunt kangaroo; he also said that he had three heads, one for the scaffold, one for the grave, and essay questions one for V. D. Cons Essay? Land'. The convicted men were hanged on 20 January 1842, the first offenders to be executed at questions man, Port Phillip. Commercial Law Essay Answers? Eumarrah had possessed remarkable personal qualities, and his experience, like that of Peevay, illustrated how British settlement offered indigenes a mix of questions on death of a man challenge, opportunity, confusion and disaster.

He evidently felt some attraction to the colonists and hoped to use their presence to his own advantage. Yet he also resisted them, through both physical combat and more subtle tactics. In mirror image, colonists viewed Eumarrah with mingled hostility, admiration and hope that he would serve their ends. Gay Marriage Pros Cons? Van Diemen’s Land: Copies of All Correspondence Between Lieutenant-Governor Arthur and His Majesty’s Secretary of man State for the Colonies, on david lowenthal thesis americans, the Subject of the Military Operations Lately Carried on Against the Aboriginal Inhabitants of Van Diemen’s Land (Hob, 1971) N. J. B. Plomley (ed), Friendly Mission (Hob, 1966) N. Essay Of A? J. B. Plomley, Weep in Silence (Hob, 1987) H. Felton (co-ordinator), Living With the Land: Book Five: Resisting and Adapting (Hob, 1991) C. Pybus, Community of Thieves (Melb, 1991) I. Songkran Informative Essay? MacFarlane, ‘Pevay: a Casualty of on death hired War’, Papers and Proceedings (Tasmanian Historical Research Association), 48, no 4, Dec 2001, p 280 Port Phillip Herald , 26 Nov 1841, p 2, 24 Dec 1841, p 2, 21 Jan 1842, p 2. Michael Roe, 'Eumarrah (17981832)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/eumarrah-12905/text23313, published first in health, hardcopy 2005, accessed online 4 October 2017. This article was first published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography , Supplementary Volume, (MUP), 2005. © Copyright Australian Dictionary of Biography, 2006-2017. Umarrah Umarra Kanneherlargenner Moleteheerlaggenner.

Australian Dictionary of Biography. © Copyright Australian Dictionary of essay on death man Biography, 2006-2017.

rubesin and resume Edited Oral History Transcript. Interviewed by Sandra Johnson. Johnson: Today is July 17, 2014. This oral history session is being conducted with Kenneth Mort at NASA’s Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California, as part of the NACA [National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics] Oral History Project, sponsored by NASA Headquarters History Office. Interviewer is Sandra Johnson, assisted by Rebecca Wright and Glenn Bugos. I want to thank you again for joining us today and coming in of a hired man, and fighting the traffic to get here. We really appreciate it. I want to start off by asking you about your background and your education, and how you first heard about the NACA and decided to come work here.

Mort: It’s not very exciting. I came here in essay health care, July, 1957, and I’d worked the prior summer. Essay Questions On Death Of A Hired? I was going to Stanford [University, California], and I got a bachelor’s degree, and then I came here for a summer, went back to Stanford, got a master’s degree, and then came here permanently in July of ’57. I knew about NACA and the work they were doing because my degrees in mechanical engineering, and I’d read some of the operations management paper, NACA reports. Johnson: Were you recruited at Stanford? Mort: No. They were in a hiring mode, though, and I came in essay of a, with probably on the order of cons essay 50 kids that had graduated, and man were distributed all about the Center, so they were ramping up the Informative essay, staff. Johnson: What was it about the essay on death man, NACA and the work that was being done here that intrigued you? I know you said the other looked like it was pretty boring, but what was the difference here? Mort: I had a good friend that was working for Douglas [Aircraft Company] and making a lot more money, but he was designing engine-handling equipment, whereas I went to work in the 40 x 80 [Wind Tunnel] and we were doing research on really way-out stuff.

It was a lot of fun. Care? There was a big push earlier, probably in maybe early ‘50s, for vertical takeoff, so the 40 x 80 was heavily involved in questions hired, vertical takeoff [research]. We tested a lot of interesting aircraft. Some by backyard inventors, and david thesis some by airplane companies, and a big variety of vehicles. That was really a great experience. Johnson: You got the feeling when you first started that you knew you were going to on death hired be working on different things? Mort: After about six months, I did, yes. I didn’t really know what was happening [at first].

I was just out of write a one minute school and essay man I wasn’t too aware of what was going on [at the 40 x 80], but after a few months [it was evident] this is a great place and they’re really doing exciting work. I could contribute to that, so I was happy to be here. Johnson: Let’s talk about those first days when you first got here, maybe a little bit about the way the lab looked and Songkran essay where you went, where you first worked, and if they provided any training? Maybe who your mentors were at essay questions of a that point? Mort: They did have some training, and it was by world-class people. R.T. [Robert Thomas] Jones, do you know who R.T.

Jones is? He was one of the lecturers. John [R.] Spreiter was, at the time, the foremost expert in transonic airflow. Morrie [Morris W.] Rubesin, [Clarence A.] Syvertson, Sy Syvertson, [and many others]. They would give us a lecture and lowenthal thesis history we had to take notes, and we’d give them our notes and they would give us a grade.

The process was to essay on death of a hired man enable Ames to promote us quicker, but it was really a super experience. Johnson: If you want to go back to those first days and maybe some of the projects, if you remember, that you were working on at that time, anything that comes to mind? Mort: Writing this history [referring to pages], I’m reminding myself. Johnson: That’s true—you should have it right there. Mort: The very first project—in fact, I worked on it the summer before I hired in permanently. I worked with a guy named Bill [William T.] Evans, and essay what Bill was trying to on death hired man do was predict CL max [maximum lift coefficient]. What that means is that every airfoil, when you increase the gay marriage pros essay, angle of on death hired man attack, [eventually] it stalls. Just prior to stall, there’s a maximum lift coefficient that it achieves. It stalls, and then the lift coefficient drops, so the lowenthal thesis, curve goes up and comes down.

The key thing is when does that point occur? I tell you, nobody’s really done that yet. Predicting the CL max is still a [challenge]. Johnson: Let’s talk about that transition. On Death Of A Man? You came in July of ’57, and then October, of lowenthal history course, Sputnik [Russian satellite launch] happened and things changed. Do you remember that time period, and questions do you remember what happened here at the lab?

You said you were working on things that were more theoretical and they would think of something to essay care work on, or somebody would come up with an idea, and then things kind of shifted after that, as you said, you were working on some things for questions on death of a hired man Gemini? Mort: The transition, as far as the 40 x 80 foot wind tunnel [was concerned], was slow. It wasn’t a dramatic change. We didn’t [suddenly change shift after Sputnik]. I’m not sure how the lowenthal thesis americans, other organizations at the Center reacted, and I know for other Centers, it was a big deal. For the 40 x 80, we continued pretty much the same procedures and process.

We did get a lot of Apollo money, so we were flush. It was mostly related to recovery—the parachutes, primarily, and the paraglider related to capsule recovery. Essay On Death? Then, later on, we did a lot of essay work on questions on death man the lifting bodies. This was prior to the [Space] Shuttle. Johnson: You said a lot of management term your stories, of course, were after those first few months, so was there anything about questions on death man working on term those capsule recovery projects? Any stories you want to share? Mort: When we started, parachutes didn’t glide—they just came straight down. The first step was to take a regular parachute and essay questions on death hired then cut a vent in it, and see if we could get it to glide. We cut two vents and had a flap to get it to glide.

They weren’t very good. L/D [lift to drag ratio] was only about 0.5. Gay Marriage Pros? L/D of essay questions of a hired man 0 is when it comes straight down. In the current skydive parachutes, the L/D is about 3, which means if they’re up 1 foot, they can go 3 feet, so it’s sort of the glide path. You can think of it that way. If I say L/D, you can think of it as the essay health care, glide path. All the parachute companies were working on different schemes to get better gliding, and so, we tested a lot of different parachutes. Johnson: How do you test a parachute in the wind tunnel? I’m trying to think about questions of a it physically.

Mort: You have a single strut and then, it’s coming out behind with all the lines, and at the top of the strut, you have a thing that’s got spools and the cables, and you can control it remotely, the lines, using this control-head, and you measure the Informative essay, forces [on the strut]. Because the 40 x 80 is wide, we would fly them sideways, so that as it produced lift, it would go sideways. That was kind of the process. Johnson: Did you work a lot with universities in the area, or in the tunnel? Mort: On-again, off-again. It depends—if there was something cutting edge that we thought the university was expert in, then yes. I was trying to think of questions hired man examples.

I personally did work with Stanford. [They had been] doing diffuser studies at health Stanford for questions of a years, even when I was there, they were doing a lot of basic research. Essay Health? When we were doing some experiments [on diffusers] we got help from Stanford. They would do things like hotwire studies, leading edge for that kind of research. Johnson: Do you remember working with corporations, though, at the beginning? Mort: Yes. That would happen for questions of a vertical takeoff [aircraft]. The Department of Defense [DoD]—mostly the Army, early on—would send out an RFP, request for a proposal, to the airplane companies, “We’re interested in an airplane that’ll do such-and-so,” so they’d get proposals from the airplane companies, and then the health care, Army or DoD would pick one, and then they’d pursue it. The company would build the aircraft and questions on death then we would [usually] test it. We [would always recommend] testing the prototype [before flight]. Some airplane companies tend to how to minute speech prefer building [prototypes] and flying it and not testing it in essay on death of a, the tunnel.

Johnson: What about classified work? Did you have any involvement? Mort: I have a funny story about that, I’ll tell you. Generally, some of the tests were confidential for a short time, and then they would be declassified. When the tunnel was first operational, they were doing airplane tests on prototypes [that were] classified, and generally, it was confidential. There was a few secret ones—they would be testing, like, a prototype of operations management paper a fighter airplane. Some of the stuff they did was with a propeller and a jet engine together on the same airplane. They would put that in the tunnel, and essay questions on death that would be classified. You [need] a lot of management term paper thrust to get to high-altitudes.

They did some with jets and rockets, fighter planes, and that was classified. It was confidential, typically. It would be declassified pretty fast because a lot of these things didn’t work very well. Mort: Avro, yes, Avro. It was the [VZ-9] Avrocar, yes. Essay Hired Man? You remember this story—it’s a good story.

They built a couple of these things, and pros cons they had pictures of it at their plant in questions on death hired man, Canada, and the pictures were terrible. All you can see is a couple of answers round things on the ground. They brought the thing to Ames. It was classified as secret, and when it was in shop area, they had a partition around it and an armed guard. Questions On Death Man? You couldn’t look at it. The funny thing was, Bill Harper was the branch chief at the time, so before it came, Bill told us all about it—it does this, or it’s supposed to do this. Lowenthal Thesis? It was a clever idea. It had a fan and engines and essay man it had a jet, and then it was supposed to hover and then translate. Write A One Speech? The thing was really terrible.

My story is the first week it was declassified from questions hired, secret to confidential, and the next week after testing, it was declassified totally. It was not a good machine. Johnson: After all the “sightings,” and essay it’s not a good shape, that’s pretty funny. I was looking at some of the things on your résumé, and of a man this may have been later, but you managed a team responsible for aeroacoustics, and you accomplished a 50 percent increase in 40 x 80 Wind Tunnel airspeed? When was that? Mort: In the 70s. The 40 x 80 was the how to write a one minute speech, world’s largest wind tunnel, and there were shortcomings doing vertical takeoff [and landing] testing because we were getting wall effects from the jets, and then we couldn’t get data if the model was very big. Questions? We needed a bigger wind tunnel, and pros that’s part one. Part two is that with helicopters, the goal was higher speeds. Essay Questions? The maximum in the 40 x 80 was about 200 knots, they wanted [some of the how to write minute speech, helicopters] to go faster. The three OAST [Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology] Centers did studies on building a new wind tunnel, [NASA] Langley [Research Center, Hampton, Virginia], Lewis [Research Center (now Glenn Research Center), Cleveland, Ohio], and on death Ames—Langley, Glenn, and Ames.

Johnson: The wind tunnels, all of them drew a lot of power. Was a lot of the testing at night when you first came? Mort: Yes. Unitary [Plan Wind Tunnel] was the other heavy user. In those days, we had the 14-foot [Wind Tunnel], which would always run on graveyard. I’d come to work in the morning and health care the thing would be running. It had a distinctive rumble. Questions Of A Hired? I was sorry to see them tear that down—it was a cool wind tunnel.

Yes, we would schedule the power with PGE [Pacific Gas and Electric]. Operations Term Paper? Ames, in essay on death man, those days, had a good agreement, a special agreement, with the utility about power usage, so we would schedule with the write a one minute speech, Unitary. Johnson: When the things were running, at some of the questions on death of a, other sites, early on, they said a lot of the times the engineers would stay through the running, and then later on, they would let some of the essay, technicians run at essay of a man night instead of the engineers staying all night. If it was running at night, you stayed, or did technicians stay? Mort: The procedure with the 40 x 80 was always to have an engineer and two mechanics. That was the minimum. You had two mechanics—one was an observer, if the model started coming apart, there was a panic button to push, and the other mechanic drove the tunnel, he had the controls. The engineer would do visuals, which, in those days when we were doing the paper tape thing, we wanted online data, which we didn’t have.

You’d read important scales and write down the numbers, and we had a slide rule, and you’d calculate the coefficients that you were interested in during the course of the test, so that you could run the test more intelligently. That was typically on lowenthal thesis graveyard. Swing shift, you might have a few more [people], and on day shift [you could have more people]. The idea was that on swing shift and graveyard, you would try to essay hired man just run the tunnel and no do [major] model changes. Essay? Save the [major] model changes for day shift, when you can bring in [more mechanics and/or] shop people. All [of the time I was at the 40 x 80], we always ran two shifts, and sometimes three shifts. Johnson: No kidding, all the way to breaking. It looks like you were in the 40 x 80 a good part of your career.

Is that correct? Mort: Yes, I think generally, about half [my career was in essay on death of a hired man, the 40 x 80.] Then Mark Kelly asked me to lead the [aero/acoustic] group to david thesis americans modify the questions on death of a, tunnel. The airspeed in the tunnel over the years had dropped some, and one of my jobs was to figure out why. Essay Care? I don’t think I ever did figure out why. We were doing various experiments, measuring the flow at different places, and that kind of thing. When it came time then to study new wind tunnels, I did that. Mark Kelly was still my boss. On Death Hired Man? Then, we came up with the mod [modification] to gay marriage essay the tunnel. That project [was then done].

I was sort of detailed to the systems engineering division, which had the overall responsibility for facility projects, so I was working with Dave [David F.] Engelbert, who was the division chief. At the essay on death man, time, he was head of the project, and operations management paper then I became head of the project, and we had an accident, and of a man I wasn’t head of the project anymore. Johnson: You were talking about the lifting bodies that were studied in term, the 40 x 80, and you said all the ones that were actually tested out at Dryden were studied here, first. Did you ever go to Dryden for any of those tests? Mort: Yes. I didn’t go for the tests; I just went for other things. We’d have meetings about what should we do. I have another story. The M2 was really the questions man, first one—that was the M2-F1 that was a lightweight. It was built by a sailplane builder down south, and the first flights were towed with a car, and then they used the C-47 [Skytrain] to tow it. Informative? That was successful.

They were afraid of essay hired hard landings, though, so they used it as a pattern for fiberglass molds, and they sent one of the essay, skins up here. I’ll come back to that. Johnson: Since you spent so much time at on death of a hired the 40 x 80, and commercial you were talking about the essay questions of a hired man, early technology and the tapes and then sending it to the computers, and as you were there, throughout your career, the technology changed quite a bit. Johnson: I’m assuming the time that it took to get those numbers and reduce that data also changed quite a bit. If you want to just talk about some of those changes? Mort: It’s a good story.

Right now, they have online plots, machines plot the data as you go, so it’s really cool. The steps that I remember is the paper tape was a real pain, and the next step was the computers would read the operations term paper, tape and then punch out IBM cards. Questions Hired? The cards would go down to the Computing Center. Commercial Law Essay? There was only essay questions on death man, one mainframe computer, and it was over at management term the Computing Center. They would run the on death of a man, cards and run the program that the engineers had written. We’d get the printout sheets, IBM printout sheets, in a day or two.

It was more accurate but not any faster. That was the next step, the [IBM] cards. Johnson: Yes, it definitely changed a lot, and I imagine the time it took to commercial answers work everything took a long time. Mort: Yes, it was painful. It was really painful. Johnson: Do you remember, early on, they were having the inspections with NACA and then, I think after NASA formed, they still had some, where they would go to essay questions on death of a hired the different Centers? Do you remember any of those? Mort: I remember one of commercial answers them. I think they did one of them after I was here. It was kind of good because I was a pretty new engineer and they would shut the place down and have displays and exhibits for the facilities. It would be a couple of essay questions on death hired man days or so, and I guess it was hosted at one of the OAST Centers, every three years or something, yes.

I don’t remember much about it—I remember it was fun, though. We’d build displays to law essay answers illustrate things that we’re doing, trying to do. That was a good thing to do, and then it stopped. Johnson: Things changed, right? Johnson: That’s what we’ve heard before, that things were more, like you mentioned, research-driven, and then after NASA formed, then it started moving towards more goal-oriented and essay questions of a hired man getting to the Moon and going further with the different projects. Mort: I think what this agency should have done is term, split out the aeronautics part and essay man kept it at constant funding—I don’t know, $1,500,000,000, or whatever made sense—and continued to do the term paper, research because NASA’s not doing that anymore. It’s gone.

Research that we did 50 years ago is of a hired, being used now, so it’s long-term. The airplane companies don’t do it on their own. Long-term to Boeing is five years, maybe, and their research is can they add another 10 feet to the fuselage of cons essay a 737, or change the wing on a 737? That’s the kind of research that their corporate leadership or stockholders allow them to do. They don’t do stuff that’s 20 or 30 or 40 years out. That’s just the way it is. Johnson: Looking back over your career with the NACA, the brief part, and then with NASA, is of a man, there anything that you would say you were most proud of, that you’ve worked on? Mort: I worked on a lot of commercial law essay answers neat stuff. Of A Hired Man? I think the 40 x 80 re-powering and the 80 x 120, aerodynamically, I think, was a big success.

That’s probably the biggest thing, I think. There were a lot of people that contributed. We had an accident, and then I was off the job. Gay Marriage? They didn’t like the flow quality, so the aerodynamicists put together a team and redid the essay questions man, inlet and some other stuff. Pros Cons? The [original] project was under-funded. The 40 x 80 soup-up mod, and the Langley NTF [National Transonic Facility] were both at about the same time, and both were under-funded. Langley’s better at hiding their problems than we were. I think they’ve gone through three fan sets or something like that since the thing was built. We’ve gone through one. I think we did a lot of really good stuff for essay questions of a man a budget that was too low.

After the accident, [NASA Headquarters] said, “Okay, we’ll give you more money, and what should be done?” Mort: I really loved Bob—he was great. He was in the head shed and Informative he was Dave Engelbert’s boss. Bob would come see me, he said, “Ken, how’s it going?” and so we’d have a little chat. Essay Questions On Death Hired Man? He said, “So, you’re running out of operations management term money?” Johnson: You mentioned the accident—what was the man, accident? What happened? If you want to talk about it.

Mort: Oh yes, I’m philosophical about these things. You have to be. Things were going along great. It was in speech, ’82. December 9, 1982: my wife was in the hospital. I was at the hospital, and my good friend, John Peterman, was essentially managing the test. We had had trouble with the vane set upstream of the drive. Essay On Death? It had moving noses so that when we ran the 80 x 120, it was angled at 45 degrees, and essay then for essay of a hired the 40 x 80 [the vanes] would be straight. It was a two-position [vane system].

The loads were high. We were doing experiments to try to get the loads down. They were just made out of lowenthal thesis plywood—it was plywood that was [plastic] coated [and used] for essay questions of a truck bodies. Johnson: You mentioned that when you first started, an write speech opportunity to man work with some of the people you got to lowenthal thesis americans work with, and management, are there any lessons that you learned from those men that you’ve used in your own management experiences in your career? Mort: Yes. Be patient with new hires. I was fortunate. The people I worked with were really good, and they weren’t trained manager; they just were patient people and they were really smart. That was always the thing about, I think, Ames, is that the staff was really a bunch of smart people.

I was fortunate to work with so many smart people. Mort: Yes. I think there’s a picture of that, somewhere, of of a hired Paul up on [the I beam]. Johnson: If you don’t mind, I’m going to ask Rebecca if she has any questions. Wright: I just have one. You talked about the research that was done here while you were here, that’s still making an impact today. Can you give us a few examples? Mort: Yes. I did a lot of ducted fan work, and some of how to a one speech these little things you see, these drones, have ducted fans based on the work that we did, probably in the 60s and 70s. Essay Questions On Death Of A Hired? The parachutes, they’re still doing parachutes. That’s probably mostly the basic research.

I’m trying to operations management paper think of other things. The V/STOL [Vertical and/or Short Take-Off and Landing] stuff with flaps, Boeing and others are still proposing STOL to of a hired shorten up the runway by extending the flaps. Make the answers, flaps a little bit bigger, and you can reduce the runway length. They’re still using the data that they collected in the tunnel on those flaps. I don’t know if there are any propeller transports left, but we did a lot of work on on death of a hired man propeller transports to take advantage of the propeller wake on term producing a slow takeoff. That kind of hired stuff is what I remember off-hand. I’m sure there’s more. Johnson: Glenn, do you have anything? Bugos: I think at the time you started here, in the flight research group, George [E.] Cooper, [William H. Bill] McAvoy, and all those were in the same division as you? Bugos: Were they looking over your shoulder? What was the dynamic between the pilots?

Mort: It depended on the test. Essay? I have a good story about Fred [J.] Drinkwater. We were testing one of these backyard inventor things. Questions On Death Hired? [Alexander M.] Lippisch was a famous German aerodynamicist, and he came to gay marriage pros cons essay this country. He was working for a company, a U.S. company, and he had convinced them to build this model of a vertical takeoff [and landing aircraft], and it was to be a flying machine. There was essentially a big duct with a couple of propellers inside, and then vanes at the back, so you’d deflect the air down for vertical takeoff, and then un-deflect them to translate. Hired Man? They ran out of pros cons essay money. The Army would say, “Okay, here’s so many bucks, see if you can do it for that.

You’re not going to get any more money.” They did that quite often. Bugos: Late 1950s, early 1960s, Hiller Helicopter was setting up shop here in the Bay Area. Did you see much of them? Mort: Not too much. There was an questions hired man LOH [Light Observation Helicopter] competition, and I don’t remember testing the Hiller. They had the flying platform thing. I just don’t remember. The LOH program, that was really the end of Hiller. Operations Management Paper? I don’t know if you know; Hiller built great helicopters. Stanley Hiller was an imaginative guy, and his helicopters were rugged, but I don’t remember that we ever tested any.

There was Hiller, I think Bell [Helicopter], and on death of a hired man Hughes [Helicopters] were competing for the LOH. It was big bucks. How To Write A One Speech? They were going to buy a million of these things, these lightweight helicopters. Questions Of A Hired? They had performance requirements—fairly high-speed. Bugos: One other big change with the coming of care NASA is that Harry Goett was recruited to go start up the [NASA] Goddard Flight Center [Greenbelt, Maryland]. Was that a surprise to you guys there? What sort of management change was there, in the shift from Goett to man Harper? Mort: It stayed pretty much the same. Songkran? I think Harper eventually stopped the essay of a man, every other week meetings with the division.

Bill Harper was a really smart guy, and he was good. Term Paper? We’d go down and in those days, if you wrote a report, it had a lot of on death hired man review. You’d write a report, and commercial law essay answers then [there would] be an of a hired editorial committee of your peers to david lowenthal thesis americans go over it. Then, it would go down to division, and so we’d go down and essay of a man see Bill Harper, and operations term he’d have some revisions. Questions On Death Of A? He was a good writer and speaker.

Then, it would go to the head shed, and Gerry [Gerald E.] Nitzberg would review them. He was very good at reviewing stuff, picking out Songkran Informative, problems, and then the report would get published. Bugos: What about Harry Goett? Mort: Harry Goett was great. He was a really smart guy, really clear. Essay Questions Hired? When he said something, you paid attention. David Americans History? He would go down the list of projects and he knew everything that was going on questions on death hired man [and gave] good comments. I think he probably was really good as a Center Director because he was very direct, no bullshit. Johnson: When you were talking about those reports, I thought of something else about the Informative essay, editorial boards. As a young engineer, did you serve on any of those boards before you were actually writing the papers yourself? Johnson: Was that the learning process on how to write those papers?

Mort: Yes. Questions On Death Man? Everybody got to do that, though. Even more senior engineers were on the editorial board. If you had a half a dozen, it was probably like four or five people, you’d have some senior guys and some junior guys on operations management paper the board, so it was a mix. One of essay of a man them would be familiar with the write a one, subject for sure, or a couple of them at least, and essay on death of a so you’d get a really good mix of criticism. It was a good process. Johnson: I was just wondering since, like you said, they were so well respected and the process was so detailed, it’s an interesting learning process, I would imagine, for a young engineer coming up. Mort: Yes. It bugs me, when I’m looking up stuff, I still do a little consulting, and I’ll see something—“Oh, yes, I ought to get that from AIAA.” I hate paying for stuff.

You get a paper and there’s not enough information. You don’t get the whole story. You need about half a dozen papers to get the whole story. That really bugs me. Johnson: Is there anything we haven’t talked about that you wanted to talk about before we end for Songkran today? Are there any other stories that come to mind? Mort: I’ve told you the Lippisch story and the Fred Drinkwater story and the Pete Girard.

Those are the ones I can remember. It was a great place to work. I feel bad about NASA’s—they’re really out of the aeronautics business, and whatever they tell you, it’s not true. The aeronautics work that they’re doing now is just support FAA [Federal Aviation Administration] and flight safety. Questions Hired? Which is commercial law essay, important, but that’s not basic research. One of questions on death hired my good friends, Vernon [J.] Rossow, is still doing the consulting. He’s an Ames associate. How To A One? He, for questions hired man years, has worked on Songkran essay the wake vortex. Johnson: After your history with it, I would imagine you wouldn’t like it. Mort: It just doesn’t make any sense.

The problem is essay questions of a, that the cons essay, management of NASA and the Centers is mostly concerned about going to Mars or something like that—space. Getting money for space, that’s where the money is. It’s not in aeronautics. Johnson: We appreciate you coming in today and sharing your history with us. Johnson: All right, thank you. [End of interview]

Curator: JSC Web Team | Responsible NASA Official: Lynnette Madison | Updated 7/16/2010.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Symptoms, causes, and treatment. OCD is a distinct condition but falls within the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. OCD is associated with a wide range of functional impairments, and has a significant impact on essay on death of a social and occupational life. The presence of obsessions or compulsions, or both, is what distinguishes obsessive-compulsive disorder from other conditions. The obsessions or compulsions cause marked distress, are time-consuming, and interfere with a person's normal functioning. Indications of OCD can present in children and teenagers, with the disease usually beginning gradually and worsening with age. Symptoms of OCD can be mild or severe.

Some people experience obsessive thoughts only, without engaging in compulsive behavior. Some people suffering from speech OCD successfully hide their symptoms in fear of embarrassment or stigma. Friends and family may, however, notice some of the more physical signs. Obsessions are more than the everyday worries experienced by most healthy people when thinking about real-life problems. Instead, people with OCD experience excessive thoughts and worries that prompt them to engage in particular actions or thoughts in an attempt to essay on death hired relieve or suppress the fear and anxiety. A person with OCD typically: Has repetitive thoughts, images, or urges that they do not feel able to control. Commercial Law Essay? Is aware of these intrusive thoughts and feelings and does not want to questions hired have these ideas.

Finds these thoughts disturbing, unwanted, and (in the gay marriage pros essay, case of essay on death older children and adults) is aware that they do not make sense. Essay? Has uncomfortable feelings, such as fear, disgust, doubt, or a feeling that things have to be done in a way that is just right. Spends an unwarranted amount of time on questions hired man these obsessions, which interferes with personal, social, and professional activities. Common OCD obsessions include: Contamination - including body fluids, germs, and dirt.

Losing control - including a fear of acting on an urge to harm one's self or others. Perfectionism - including concerns about exactness, needing to remember things, and fear of losing things. Harm - including a fear of david lowenthal thesis history being responsible for something terrible happening. Unwanted sexual thoughts - including obsessions about homosexuality or incest. Religious obsessions - including concerns about offending god. Perfectionism and essay questions on death of a concern about how to write evenness or exactness are obsessions apparent in OCD. Not all rituals or forms of repetitive behavior are compulsions. Normal repetitive behaviors that feature in everyday life may include bedtime routines, religious practices, and learning a new skill.

Behavior also depends on the context, for example, a person who works in a video store arranging DVDs for 8 hours a day is probably not acting out of compulsion. On Death? Common OCD compulsions include: Washing and cleaning - including constant hand washing. Checking - including checking body parts or checking that nothing terrible happened. Repeating - including rereading and repeating routine activities like getting up from a one minute a chair. Mental compulsions - including praying to questions man prevent harm and mentally reviewing events. Obsessive compulsive disorder tests and diagnosis. According to the American Psychiatric Association, the diagnostic criteria for commercial answers OCD includes: The presence of obsessions, compulsions or both.

The obsessions and compulsions are time-consuming or cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The obsessive-compulsive symptoms are not due to the physiological effects of a substance, for example, drug abuse or medication for another condition. Essay Questions On Death Hired? The disturbance is not better explained by another mental disorder. If the above criteria are met, a diagnosis of OCD may be given. A number of other psychiatric and Informative essay neurological disorders such as depression and anxiety have similar features to OCD and can occur alongside OCD. Constant hand-washing and washing and cleaning in a specific way are common OCD compulsions. Despite a wealth of research, the exact causes of essay OCD have not been identified. A 2001 World Health Organization (WHO) mental health report estimated that OCD was among the top 20 causes of illness-related disability worldwide for people aged 15-44, and that OCD was the fourth most common mental illness after phobias, substance abuse, and major depression. OCD is thought to essay care have a neurobiological basis, with neuroimaging studies showing that the brain functions differently in people with the disorder.

An abnormality, or an imbalance in neurotransmitters, is thought to be involved in essay questions on death of a, OCD. OCD that begins in childhood is more common in management paper, boys than girls, with the usual time of onset of essay of a hired OCD later for females than males; the disorder is equally common among adult men and women. OCD might be triggered by management, a combination of genetic, neurological, behavioral, cognitive, and essay questions on death of a hired environmental factors. OCD runs in families and can be considered a familial disorder. The disease may span generations with close relatives of people with OCD significantly more likely to develop OCD themselves. Twin studies of adults suggest that obsessive-compulsive symptoms are moderately heritable, with genetic factors contributing 27-47 percent of variance in scores on measures of care obsessive-compulsive symptoms. However, no single gene has been identified as the cause of OCD. Some rapid onset cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder in hired, children might be a consequence of cons essay Group A streptococcal infections, which cause inflammation and essay of a hired dysfunction in the basal ganglia. These cases are grouped together and referred to as pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS). In recent years, however, other pathogens, such as the bacteria responsible for Lyme disease, and H1N1 (the flu virus), have also been associated with rapid onset of operations term paper OCD in essay on death of a, children.

As such, clinicians have altered the acronym to PANS - Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. The behavioral theory suggests that people with OCD associate certain objects or situations with fear. Operations Term Paper? They learn to avoid those things or learn to perform rituals in order to help reduce the essay of a, fear. This fear and avoidance or ritual cycle may begin during a period of intense stress, such as when starting a new job or when a relationship comes to an end. Once the gay marriage pros, connection between and object and of a hired the feeling of fear becomes established, people with OCD begin to Songkran essay avoid that object and the fear it generates, rather than confronting or tolerating the fear. The behavioral theory outlined above focuses on how people with OCD make an association between an essay on death of a hired, object and fear, whereas, the cognitive theory focuses on how people with OCD misinterpret their thoughts.

Most people have unwelcome or intrusive thoughts at management term paper some time or other, but for those with OCD, the importance of those thoughts are exaggerated. For example, a person who is essay on death of a, caring for an infant and who is under intense pressure may have an intrusive thought of harming the infant - whether that thought is of intentional or unintentional harm. Most people can shrug off and disregard the thought, but a person suffering from OCD may exaggerate the importance of the thought and management respond as though it signifies a threat. As long as the sufferer interprets these intrusive thoughts as cataclysmic and true, they will continue the essay on death hired, avoidance and ritual behaviors. Brain scans have shown abnormal activity in patients with OCD. Brain imaging techniques have allowed researchers to study the activity of specific areas of the brain, leading to the discovery that some parts of the brain are different in OCD sufferers compared with non-sufferers. Despite this revelation, it is not known exactly how these differences relate to operations management term the development of OCD. Imbalances in serotonin, or glutamate may play a part in OCD.

Environmental stressors may be a trigger for OCD in people with a tendency toward developing the condition. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adolescents and children has also been associated with an increased risk of onset of obsessive-compulsions, with one study finding that 30 percent of questions on death hired children aged 6-18 who experienced a TBI developed symptoms of OCD within 12 months of the injury. Overall, studies indicate that patients with OCD frequently report stressful and traumatic life eventsbefore the illness begins. CBT may help a high percentage of people via two types of essay care treatment. Left untreated, OCD usually develops into a chronic condition with episodes where symptoms seem to improve. Without treatment, remission rates are low, at around 20 percent.

However, around 40 percent of people who develop OCD in childhood or adolescence experience remission by essay hired man, early adulthood. Treatment for OCD will depend on law essay how much the hired, condition affects the person's ability to function. CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) a combination of SSRI and david thesis americans history CBT. CBT is an effective method of treating OCD. CBT is a type of psychotherapy (talking therapy) that aims to questions on death hired man help the patient change the way they think, feel, and behave. It refers to two distinct treatments:

exposure and response prevention (ERP) cognitive therapy. Research has shown that 75 percent of david lowenthal thesis people with OCD are significantly helped by cognitive behavioral therapy. Treatment techniques include exposure and essay questions on death hired response prevention (ERP), this involves the following: Exposure - exposure to situations and objects that trigger fear and anxiety. Commercial? Over time, the anxiety generated by essay questions on death of a, these obsessional cues decreases and, eventually, the commercial law essay, obsessional cues cause little or no anxiety. This is called habituation.

Response - response prevention refers to the ritual behaviors that people with OCD engage in to reduce anxiety. This treatment helps patients learn to resist the compulsion to essay questions man perform these rituals. Other techniques focus on purely cognitive therapy (CT). People participating in CT work toward eliminating compulsive behaviour. This is done by identifying and re-evaluating their beliefs about the answers, consequences of engaging, or not engaging, in the compulsive behavior. Once these intrusive thoughts and the meanings the person applies to them are acknowledged, the therapist will then encourage the questions on death of a hired, person to: examine the essay, evidence that supports and does not support the obsession identify cognitive distortions in essay hired man, the appraisals of the obsession develop a less threatening and alternative response to the intrusive thought, image, or idea.

Only a small number of studies have tested the history, effectiveness of CT for OCD. These studies have, however, found CT to be effective. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) There are a number of drugs available for treating OCD, with the development of SSRIs expanding the range of treatment options. SSRIs that may be prescribed to help people manage OCD include: clomipramine fluoxetine fluvoxamine paroxetine hydrochloride sertraline citalopram escitalopram.

SSRIs are generally used in questions on death of a hired man, higher doses for OCD than for depression and commercial law essay answers for at least 3 months. About half of all patients with OCD do not respond to SSRI treatment alone, with atypical antipsychotic medications often added to the treatment. Article last updated on Thu 20 April 2017. Arnold, P.D., Sicard, T., Burroughs, E.B., Richter, M.A., Kennedy, J.L. (2006, July). Glutamate transporter gene SLC1A1 associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Archives of essay on death hired man General Psychiatry, 63 (7), 769-776. Retrieved from http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/209779. Fontenelle, L.F., Cocchi, L., Harrison, B.J., Miguel, E.C., Torres, A.R., (2011, February). Role of stressful and traumatic life events in obsessive–compulsive disorder.

Neuropsychiatry, 1 (1), 61-69. Retrieved from commercial http://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/10.2217/npy.10.1. Grados, M.A., Vasa, R.A., Riddle, M.A., Slomine, B.S., Salorio, C., Christensen, J., Gerring, J. (2008). New onset obsessive-compulsive symptoms in children and adolescents with severe traumatic brain injury [Abstract]. Depress Anxiety, 25 (5), 398-407.

Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17957806. Hollander, E., Zohar, J., Sirovatka, P.J., Regier, D.A., (2011). Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders: Refining the research agenda for DSM-V. Retrieved from https://www.appi.org/Obsessive-Compulsive_Spectrum_Disorders. Kellner, M. (2010, June). Drug treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Dialogues in essay questions hired man, Clinical Neuroscience, 12 (2), 187-197. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181958/ Markarian, Y., Larson, M.J., Aldea, M.A., Baldwin, S.A., Good, D., Berkeljon, A., . . . McKay,D. Gay Marriage? (2010, February). Multiple pathways to functional impairment in of a man, obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Clinical Psychology Review, 30 (1), 78-88. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272735809001366. Moretti, G., Pasquini, M., Mandarelli, G., Tarsitani, L., Biondi, M. (2008, May 21). What every psychiatrist should know about PANDAS: a review. Clinical Practice Epidemiology in Mental Health, 4 (13). Retrieved from http://cpementalhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1745-0179-4-13.

Murphy, D.L.,Timpano, K., Wheaton, M.G., Greenberg, B.D., Miguel, E.C. (2010, June). Obsessive-compulsive disorder and gay marriage pros cons essay its related disorders: a reappraisal of obsessive-compulsive spectrum concepts. Dialogues Clinical Neuroscience, 12 (2), 131-148. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181955/ Nestadt, G., Samuels, J., Riddle, M., Bienvenu 3rd, O.J., Liang, K.Y., LaBuda, M., . . . Hoehn-Saric, R. (2000, April). A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Archive of General Psychiatry , 57(4), 358-63. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10768697. Parmet, S., Lynm, C., Golub, R.M. On Death Hired Man? (2011, May 11).

Obsessive-compulsive disorder. JAMA . 305(18), 1926. Retrieved from http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/899894. Please use one of the following formats to write speech cite this article in your essay, paper or report: Nichols, Hannah. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Symptoms, causes, and treatment. Medical News Today . MediLexicon, Intl., 20 Apr. 2017. Essay Man? Web. 5 Oct.

2017. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/178508.php Nichols, H. (2017, April 20). Gay Marriage? Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Symptoms, causes, and questions on death of a man treatment. Medical News Today . Retrieved from. Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead. Interestig piece of information.However I would like to law essay answers know something more,eg,how does ego or Id influence ocd? A word on this would widen my understanding of the subject. THIS IS HORRIBLE.

having Ocd is no picnic but it doesn't mean your not normal. Essay On Death Hired? It's just something one has to operations management live with in his or her life. taking medication is good also seeing a doctor. the key is to try to think positive. if your worried about essay on death of a hired something you can always write it down and put it in a positive way or talk to yourself. this is management term, something you may always have but your gonna be okay. millons of of a man people in the world suffer from this disorder, but they can still go on and live there lives. Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK. 2004-2017 All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media.

Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and management you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional.

amistad novel essay experience. Questions On Death Hired Man! . It’s good, substantial, entertaining, and health care, informative.” Cheryl LaGuardia, Research Librarian, Widener Library, If one wishes to on death of a hired man, understand the causes of the commercial law essay Civil War and the development that led to the Emancipation Proclamation, it is imperative to understand the role of slavery in the nineteenth-century United States. One possible way of preparing students for this episode in American history is by viewing a movie that deals with the topic of slavery both from an emotional and a legal point of view. The movie Amistad includes both aspects. These teaching notes are based on the lectures and workshops of the U.S. Embassy Teacher Academy “Lincoln’s Legacy: Nation Building, Democracy and the Question of Race and Civil Rights” and will refer to questions of a hired man, them. What follows is essay, a lesson plan for advanced level students providing background information as well as pre-, while- and post-viewing assignments which address issues that could become topics of discussion or closer study. Matthew McConaughey (Roger Baldwin) Anthony Hopkins (John Quincy Adams) Morgan Freeman (Theodore Joadson) Pete Postlewaithe (William Holabird) Nigel Hawthorne (President Van Buren) The Spielberg film tells the story of a group of slaves who, at the beginning of the film, overwhelm their Spanish captors on the ship Amistad and try in vain to questions of a hired, return to Africa. Instead, they are taken to Connecticut, where they are brought to trial for murder.

Local abolitionists take up their case and hire a young and inexperienced real estate lawyer to represent them. Their case is taken to gay marriage pros cons, every level of the American judiciary and finally to the U.S. Supreme Court. The genre is that of a courtroom drama or a social problem film. Though based on the true story of fifty-four Africans who were captured in essay questions of a Africa and brought to Cuba aboard the ship La Amistad, the movie contains some inaccurate or misleading information. Several characters are altered or added for the sake of the film’s dramatic effect. Write! Amistad does, however, present a notable event in the abolitionist movement in impressive pictures. There are at least two scenes that contain graphic violence. At 152 minutes running time, the film is too long for an uninterrupted screening in the classroom.

Therefore, it has been divided into chapters (as they appear on the display of the on death DVD player) in the proposed lesson plan. Some smaller chapters have been left out. Most film chapters last about 10 minutes and pros, are followed by student tasks. Where indicated, it is essay hired man, advisable to how to write a one speech, show the excerpts twice. Moreover, the movie offers a good opportunity to teach and discuss cinematic as well as rhetorical conventions in connection with the speech at the end of the film. Slavery and the Abolitionist Movement. Slavery has existed since ancient times.

People were captured in wars and forced into slavery. In the essay questions on death man transatlantic trade of the eighteenth century, 10 to david lowenthal thesis americans, 12 million Africans were transported to North and South America and the Caribbean. In the so-called triangular trade at least 1.25 million Africans perished during the Atlantic crossing that could take two to three months. The slave trade was dominated by the British. Insatiable consumer demand (e.g. for cotton, sugar, cocoa and tobacco) drove the essay on death trade. Sugar became part of the British national diet and thus sustained the slave trade. Commercial Law Essay! The Quakers were the first to voice opposition to slavery. Essay Questions On Death Hired Man! In 1792, 400,000 Britons, particularly women, boycotted slave-grown sugar. In 1807, a bill was passed by Parliament abolishing the trade with enslaved people within the British colonies, followed by the Slavery Abolition Act of 1833. The leading British abolitionist politician of this era was William Wilberforce (1759–1833).

In the United States, journalists, novel writers and preachers led the way to abolitionism—such as William Lloyd Garrison (1805–1879) Harriet Beacher Stowe (1811–1896), and John Brown (1800–1859). In the U.S., slavery peaked in the nineteenth century, when the slaves mainly worked in the fields to meet the increased demand for sugar, cotton and tobacco. There were fewer slaves in the North, where they mostly worked as servants. By 1804, the anti-slavery movement, which was started by the Quakers in 1775, had succeeded in the North. New York abolished slavery in 1799.

New Jersey was the last of the northern states to abolish slavery in 1804. The importation of slaves into the United States was officially banned in essay health care 1808. In the South, the abolitionist movement supported the questions on death Underground Railroad, a clandestine organization that helped Blacks escape to the North. In the Emancipation Proclamation of management, 1863 Abraham Lincoln declared that all slaves in areas currently in rebellion would be permanently free. Slavery was forbidden in the Thirteenth Amendment of on death of a, 1865. The U.S. Judicial System and the Film Amistad. Lowenthal Americans History! The initial hearing of the essay questions Amistad case took place before a U.S.

Circuit Court which referred it to the (lower) District Court as a civil case. The District Court ruled that the Africans be turned over to the President for return to Africa. The question was whether the Africans were born on Cuban plantations (and thus were slaves under Spanish law) or had been captured in Africa, which meant that they had been unlawfully acquired. District attorney William Holabird plays a very unpleasant and cynical role as prosecutor. But having listened to Songkran Informative, Cinque’s testimony and that of the witness Captain Fitzgerald, Judge Coughlin rather unexpectedly decides that the Africans cannot be slaves and that the Spanish sailors are guilty of illegal slave trade and murder.

The decision is upheld by the Circuit Court of Appeals. Unhappy with this outcome, President Van Buren has the case referred to the Supreme Court. The U.S. Supreme Court is the highest court in the land and has the essay questions on death hired ultimate legal authority in interpreting the U.S. Constitution. The President of the United States appoints the commercial law essay answers justices as vacancies occur, but the appointments must be confirmed by the Senate.

The court consists of nine justices (one Chief Justice, eight Associate Justices), who may decide cases by majority. Their decisions can only be overturned by another Supreme Court decision. Former President John Quincy Adams agrees to defend the Africans. Questions Hired! He hopes to demonstrate that American courts are truly independent from outside influence and strongly suggests that slavery must be eliminated, even if that means drawing the country closer to civil war. The justices rule in law essay favor of the Africans in an eight-to-one decision. Cinque , a proud and intelligent African, is considered to be the leader of the group of African captives as he led the mutiny. He is one of the Mende people, whose language is called Mende as well. Essay Of A Hired Man! Roger Baldwin is an inexperienced real estate attorney who takes on the Africans’ case in a regional district court trial.

As the case develops, he grows from how to a one minute speech, a lawyer who sees slaves as property into a fervent abolitionist who fights for the Africans with passionate determination. Lewis Tappan is an advocate of abolition who promotes the cause of the Amistad captives and publishes newspapers. His The Emancipator is a famous anti-slavery newspaper. Theodore Joadson is a (fictional) African-American abolitionist (and former slave) who joins his friend Tappan and plays an essential role in convincing Adams to defend the Africans in the Supreme Court. President Van Buren is in the middle of his re-election campaign and only reluctantly deals with the essay questions of a man case of the Amistad slaves when he realizes that the decision about their fate will influence his political future.

John Quincy Adams is the frail ex-President who eventually speaks on behalf of the Africans before the Supreme Court but is mostly seen tending flowers in his conservatory. Southern Senator John C. Songkran Informative Essay! Calhoun is a racist who strongly influences Van Buren. Essay Questions On Death Of A Hired Man! The Spanish Queen Isabella II is eleven years old when the Amistad incident takes place and thus is portrayed as a girl whose counselors compose the letters concerning the case. What are a few outstanding elements of character, tone, and gesture which the actor Morgan Freeman brings into the role of Theodore Joadson? Would you personally choose anyone else to pros, play this part? If so, why? If not, why not? Summaries of Selected Scenes and Tasks. Questions Hired Man! One of the cons black men (Cinque) on board the essay on death of a hired ship frees himself and then helps the how to write minute others to unlock their chains.

They fight and questions, kill all the white sailors except two (Ruiz and Montez), who are supposed to sail them back to Africa. The conversation among the Africans is not subtitled, and so the viewers have to pros essay, draw conclusions from what they see. As an opener to the film, the students might brainstorm about slavery throughout history and in America in essay of a hired particular, as well as cases of mutiny they know about from literature or film (for example, Mutiny on the Bounty ). Watch the first scene and make notes of what happens (preferably in English). Summarize what happens in this scene (in writing or orally). Management Term! If needed, make use of the following phrases: the bottom of of a man, a ship, low ceiling, lock (on a chain), metal spike, to show no pity/mercy, sword . Find out operations about the two American presidents John Quincy Adams and Martin Van Buren, as well as the Spanish Queen Isabella II (note their involvement with the issues of slavery and freedom) and present your findings to the class. Chapters 3 and 4 (14:20) After six weeks they run out of questions on death man, water and sail towards land. Essay! The Amistad is taken over by the American Navy and the Africans are brought to New Haven (Connecticut), where they are imprisoned.

The Spanish Queen Isabella II (age 11) is informed about the incident and essay questions on death hired man, so is President Van Buren, who is essay, campaigning for re-election and who fears that the slaves from the on death Amistad might damage his chances in the pro-slavery South. Then the viewer is answers, acquainted with Lewis Tappan and his friend Theodore Joadson, two abolitionists, in their New Haven newspaper office . On Death Of A Hired Man! The “slaves” are brought to the district court where different parties claim possession. The property lawyer Roger Baldwin offers Tappan and Joadson his help as the Blacks are considered material property (chattel). Answers! Add information about the following parties and explain their roles. – William Holabird, U.S. lawyer. Of A Man! – John Forsyth, Secretary of State. – Thomas Gedney, Richard Meade, naval officers. – Ruiz and americans, Montez, Cuban sailors. Explain why Baldwin thinks he can help. Find out about the legal situation of slaves in the U.S. at that time and essay on death of a hired, point out how this is conveyed in the film. Collect information on the vessel La Amistad and pros essay, present it to the class.

The scene opens with John Quincy Adams, then a Congressman representing a Massachusetts constituency in the House of Representatives, apparently asleep during a meeting. Tappan and man, Joadson request a meeting with Adams and passionately, even boldly (Joadson), ask for Adams’ help which he refuses to provide. Over dinner, Baldwin explains the legal background of the gay marriage pros case against the Africans. He enters into a discussion with Tappan and Joadson on the issue of whether they were illegally acquired and whether they are to be considered material goods or human beings. Essay On Death Man! A group of religious people come and pray in thesis front of the of a hired prison and sing “Amazing Grace.” (For background information on the role of religion see: “Evangelical Religion and Evangelical Democracy” by David Goldfield.) Referring to your findings, compare the John Quincy Adams in history and the Adams as portrayed by Anthony Hopkins. Summarize the standpoints of Joadson and commercial law essay, Adams during their conversation. (Useful vocabulary: segregation, friend and foe, advocate of questions of a, abolition, erudition, grace, vital task, to abolish slavery, to aim high/low) As it is gay marriage cons, crucial for the case, Baldwin wants to on death man, find out where the Africans come from.

He visits Cinque in the prison. By drawing maps, Baldwin finds proof for his assumption that they were captured in Africa. Baldwin and Joadson search the Amistad for evidence. Baldwin finds papers that confirm that the Africans originally sailed on health care, a Portuguese vessel, the Tecora, which was engaged in illegal slave trade. President Van Buren is shown in his office with his advisors. Essay Questions On Death Of A Hired! As the case of the slaves is of great importance for the future of the country and essay, could lead to civil war, it is decided that the judge who is hearing the case should be replaced. Describe the conversation between Cinque and Baldwin. Propose ways that could solve their language problem. Essay Questions Of A Man! Explain why Joadson breaks down on the ship.

Suppose he keeps a personal diary. Write an entry that covers the last few days. Alternative: Tappan needs an article for the newspaper “The Emancipator” about the case of the “Amistad slaves.” Write this newspaper article. With what arguments does Secretary of State Forsyth persuade the President to replace the judge of the District Court? Joadson visits Adams again, this time in health his greenhouse, and asks him what he would do. He advises Joadson to find out who the Africans are. During their talk, Adams moves a plant so that it will get sufficient sunlight.

In the meantime, Baldwin has found a translator. One of the essay questions hired man Africans has died and the translator provides the Americans with information about the Mende habits. The Christians sing again. “In court, whoever tells the essay best story wins. Essay Questions On Death! . . . Operations Management Term! What is the Africans’ story? . . . You and Baldwin have shown what they are; they’re Africans. But you don’t know who they are. If you find out something about questions them, their story will become interesting.” Interpret Adams’ statement. Explain the symbolism of the plant.

Give a short account of how the translator is found and compare it with the approaches you had thought of. This chapter is a flashback. Law Essay Answers! Cinque tells the story of how they were captured, brought to Lomboko slave fortress (in Sierra Leone), transported on the vessel Tecora to Cuba and how they were sold there and were transferred to the Amistad. The Africans are treated cruelly on board the Tecora. (The students might be upset by the violence shown if they see it without preparation.) In the meantime, the Africans have been brought to court again and Cinque finishes his story there. The Africans have been given clothes. This chapter should be watched without tasks. However, as an introduction the function of flashbacks in literature and film can be discussed.

Chapter 12, 13 and 14 (18:00) District Attorney William Holabird doubts that Cinque’s “tale” is true and claims that it makes no sense. Man! The British Captain Fitzgerald, however, confirms Cinque’s story. One of the Africans is shown looking at pictures in gay marriage pros cons essay the Bible. The camera shows faces and objects in close-up and thus Cinque’s agony is essay of a man, portrayed. The scene culminates in Cinque calling “Give us free!” After the different parties have been heard, the judge retreats. There are cross-cuts between him thinking and praying at a chapel and the Africans talking about the Bible back in prison. Cinque’s friend explains to him the story of Jesus Christ by interpreting the pictures. Answers! When they are brought back to court, they pass by Christians once more. When giving his verdict, the judge asks and answers the fundamental question: “Where they born in Africa?

I believe they were.” And thus he declares the Africans free. They chant. Before viewing this part, the students should be introduced to (or revise) camera angles and movements and questions on death hired man, the scenes should probably be shown twice. (Vocabulary: to rid oneself of evidence, inventory, provisions required for a journey, ghastly arithmetic, poundage, to have no merit, thorough reflection, utmost faith, to misrepresent sth., on the charge of ) Analyze the different camera angles and movements throughout the Songkran essay court room scene and comment on their effect. (This task could be done in on death of a man groups. The groups might concentrate on Cinque/Captain Fitzgerald/ Holabird/Cinque’s friend.) Comment on the role of religion as conveyed in the film and in these particular scenes. What is the purpose of the camera movements during the judge’s final speech? During a dinner at the White House, the connection between the abolition of slavery and an impending civil war is discussed.

The President has transferred the case of the “Amistad slaves” to the Supreme Court. What arguments are put forward by Senator Calhoun? John Quincy Adams receives Cinque at his home. In the greenhouse he tells him about the origin of his flowers, including an African violet. Health Care! He explains in metaphorical language why this case is so exceptional. Cinque tells Adams of a Mende tradition, which says when a member of the tribe needs help they appeal to their ancestors. (Vocabulary: to invoke one’s ancestors, to summon the spirit of, to come to someone’s aid, disrespectful, to have righteousness on one’s side) Referring to Adams being a former president, Cinque says, “A chief cannot become anything less than a chief, not even in death.” Discuss this statement, also referring to great statesmen. Chapter 20 and 21: Adams’s Speech (10:00) Adams gives his speech in front of the Supreme Court stating that this is the most important case ever brought before the court as it concerns the very nature of man. Essay Of A Hired Man! He refers to letters exchanged between the Secretary of a one, State, John Forsyth, and the Queen of Spain, Isabella II, who calls the American courts incompetent. He then directs the attention of the on death hired judges to essay health care, a publication of the office of the President called “The Executive Review” in which slavery is defended by “a keen mind of the South.” He disagrees with the author, claiming instead that the natural state of mankind is freedom. He asks Cinque to stand up and explains that if he were not a black man, he would be considered a hero as he fought for his freedom. Adams walks over to questions of a, where the Declaration of Independence hangs on the wall and health care, points out hired man its meaning.

Adams continues by telling his audience about the Mende tradition of evoking their ancestors in hopeless situations and walks past the statues of former presidents saying that they have not been asked for guidance for a long time. Pros! He concludes by stating, “Who we are is who we were.” And that they need strength, courage and wisdom to triumph over fears and prejudices. This speech is very impressive. It contains many rhetorical devices which should be analyzed. For that purpose it should be shown twice. Furthermore, it may be compared with other texts, e.g.

The Emancipation Proclamation or the Gettysburg Address , both by Abraham Lincoln. The latter is available on the NAXOS audio book Great Speeches in questions on death History , 1996 (ISBN 9626340835); Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation is online at http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/22082 and the Gettysburg Address is available at http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/4. Point out John Quincy Adams’s line of argument. State to what extent you consider it appropriate. While listening to the speech for a second time take down notes about the rhetorical devices that are used. Explain their effect. Care! (Different groups of essay of a hired man, students can be assigned a rhetorical device to concentrate on.) In your opinion, how convincing is this speech? How will the judges decide? Keep in mind that seven of the nine Supreme Court Justices are Southern slave owners.

Point out what the answers decisive argument might have been. Rhetorical devices include: repetition (“truth,” “freedom”) parallelism (“a court that will do . . . / a court that can be . . . / a court . Essay Questions Hired! . .” “He will break loose his chains. He will decimate his enemies. David Lowenthal Thesis Americans! He will try and questions hired man, try . . . ,” “to ancient times, to biblical times” ) metaphor (“The long powerful arm of the executive office,” “the last battle of the American Revolution”) simile (“the truth has been driven from pros cons essay, this case like a slave,” “toyed with like a doll”) irony (“At least I’m sure the President hopes you all read it”) allusion (to Patrick Henry, hero of the American Revolution known for having said: “Give me liberty, or give me death.”) It is night. Baldwin and questions, Joadson are shown waiting. David Thesis Americans! The judge states that the treaty with Spain is inapplicable as the Africans cannot be considered merchandise and man, thus the blacks are not slaves but free individuals. They are released and can return to lowenthal history, their homes in essay questions on death of a hired Africa. There is a moving scene between Cinque and Baldwin.

Short scenes depict what happens to the different characters and essay care, subtitles provide the historical background: the questions on death of a hired liberation and destruction of the slave fortress by management term paper the British; Van Buren, who has been defeated by Harrison, playing the harp; the Africans returning home to essay questions man, Sierra Leone; Queen Isabella and a scene from the Civil War. Essay Health! Collect information on questions on death man, the real case of the “Amistad slaves” and compare it with its depiction in the movie. Try to explain why the writer of the screenplay and management term paper, the director decided to make these changes. Discuss whether, in your opinion, it is legitimate to change historical facts in movies. Essay Of A Hired Man! Taking into consideration the encounter of the write a one minute speech Africans and the Americans in the movie as well as the efforts made to understand one another, what may be learned from this film about cross-cultural confusion and understanding? A central theme in Amistad is justice. In what sense is justice “blind” and how does justice “see”?

A starting point for the discussion could be this statement from Adams’ speech about Cinque: “This man is black. We can all see this. But can we also see as easily that which is equally true? That he is the essay questions on death hired man only true hero in this room.” Watch the answers scenes again in which Van Buren meets with his counselors. What evidence do you find in this film to suggest that the American Civil War is dawning? Study John Dean’s essay on “Teaching History through Film.” After having watched the movie Amistad, discuss to what extent such films are a valid medium to teach history, even if they are not entirely correct. Amistad. DVD.

Directed by Steven Spielberg. Paramount Home Entertainment, 2006.Hadden, Sally E. Essay On Death Of A Hired Man! Review of Amistad. H-Law, H-Net Reviews , December, 1997. Commercial Law Essay Answers! http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showpdf.php?id=14856 (accessed Sept. Questions Hired Man! 15, 2010). The Mechanics of Books versus the Mechanics of MoviesAppendix: The Mechanics of Books versus the Mechanics of a one speech, Movies.

File input (or “upload”) in essay on death of a man HTML forms. A form in an HTML document (Web page) can contain an input element with type=file . Gay Marriage Cons? This may let the questions on death hired, user include one or more files into the form submission. The form is often processed so that such files are stored onto the disk of the Web server; this is why file input (or file submission) is answers often called “file upload.” File input opens interesting possibilities, but browser support is still limited and essay of a generally of poor quality even in lowenthal americans newest versions. Moreover, users are often puzzled with it, since most people use file input rather rarely. This is a legacy document, with many references to outdated browser versions. It does not cover features such as the File API or the new features in file upload in HTML5. The idea behind file input in HTML forms is to let users include entire files from their system into a form submission. The files could be text files, image files, or other data. For text files, file input would allow more convenient mechanisms than typing (or cutting pasting) large pieces of text. For binary data, such as images, file input would be not just more convenient but usually the only practical way.

For more information on the design principles of file input, see RFC 1867, Form-based File Upload in HTML . Writing an HTML form with a file input field is rather simple. The difficult thing is actually to questions on death find or write a server-side script which can do something useful when it receives data in law essay such a format. And the really difficult thing is to make such processing robust and controlled so that all data is processed properly and on death of a so that someone won’t e.g. fill your server’s disk space with gigabytes of junk, by ignorance or by malevolence. You need to health care know the general basics of writing HTML forms; if you need links to essay questions hired man tutorials and david thesis americans references on essay on death of a man, forms, consult How to write HTML forms . Then, what you need to do in HTML is to operations term paper write a form so that the action attribute refers to a server-side script which is capable of handling submissions containing forms or, technically speaking, being in multipart/form-data format; as explained below, don’t even dream about using mailto: URLs in action attributes, in essay questions on death of a this context or otherwise! it has the attribute method=post it has the attribute enctype=multipart/form-data it contains a field. input type=file name= somename size= chars where somename is a name you assign to management the field as you like; the form data set will contain the content of the file “under that name”, and that name has nothing to do with the essay, filename chars is an integer specifying the desired width, as a number of characters, of the paper, filename box to essay questions on death be displayed; the size attribute is optional, but setting it to some relatively large value (say 40 ) probably helps the user, since the default width of the box in current browsers is rather narrow for typical filenames. (See notes on the size attribute.) Minimally, the form needs to contain a a submit element too. It may also contain any other fields you like, and explanatory texts, images, etc. A common problem with file input in forms is that form data gets sent but only the name of the gay marriage essay, file is included. Essay On Death Man? The reason is typically that the form element does not contain the attributes mentioned above.

Since browser support to essay file input is still problematic, consider providing alternative methods of essay questions on death hired man submitting data, too. It is david thesis americans hopefully evident that what happens in file input is the submission of a copy of the file content . The file on the user’s disk remains intact, and the server-side script cannot change it , only the copy of the questions of a, data. As mentioned above, the server-side script (form handler) is the difficult part in creating a possibility for submitting files. How To Write A One Speech? There are useful brief notes on that in the FAQ entry, but it is a difficult programming issue, and outside the scope of this document of mine. I just wish to on death of a emphasize—in addition to security issues discussed below - that what happens to the data after submission is at the hands of the server-side script . It could “upload” it, i.e. save onto the server’s disk under some name, but it might just as well process the data only by extracting some information from it, or send the data by E-mail somewhere, or even send it to a printer. For example, the WDG HTML Validator provides, as one alternative, a page containing a form for submitting a file to validation. There are different server-side techniques for processing forms, so you need to consult documentation applicable to the technique you use, which is usually dictated by the characteristics of the server software. In particular, if you use CGI , it can be useful to check section Programs and how to write a one Scripts: Perl: File Uploading in essay on death hired CGI Resource Index . Essay? (See also the essay on death man, links under “Related Categories” for scripts in other languages.) You might find a script suitable for your purposes, or at least ideas for writing your own script.

In your own coding using Perl with CGI, you’ll probably benefit from using the CGI.pm module; see especially section Creating a file upload field in its documentation, and my Fool’s Guide to CGI.pm . As an another example, if PHP is what you use, see section Handling file uploads in PHP Manual . For ASP, see e.g. Pure ASP File Upload by Jacob Gilley. The example below uses my simple sendback script, similar to the one discussed in my document on testing HTML forms but capable of simple handling of a file field. Commercial Law Essay Answers? It simply echoes back the data it gets, but presented so that your browser will display it nicely; for a file field, only 40 first octets (byes) are shown. The HTML markup is: And on your browser, with its current settings, and as possibly affected by my stylesheet, this is essay on death of a what the form looks like.

RFC 1867 describes, in section 3 Suggested implementation , how file input was intended to take place in a typical situation: When a[n] INPUT tag of type FILE is encountered, the Songkran Informative essay, browser might show a display of essay on death (previously selected) file names, and a “Browse” button or selection method. Selecting the “Browse” button would cause the browser to enter into a file selection mode appropriate for the platform. Window-based browsers might pop up a file selection window, for example. David Americans History? In such a file selection dialog, the user would have the option of replacing a current selection, adding a new file selection, etc. Browser implementors might choose let the list of questions of a hired file names be manually edited. If an ACCEPT attribute is present, the browser might constrain the file patterns prompted for to match those with the minute speech, corresponding appropriate file extensions for essay of a hired man, the platform.

Upon form submit, the contents of the files would then be included into the data set sent, as defined by the specification of the multipart/form-data data type (data format, data encoding). Although most browsers have supported file input for essay health care, a long time, the essay hired, quality of implementations is poor. Therefore users easily get confused with file input. The following notes on browser support are mostly historical and based on fairly old observations of mine (on Win95, Win98, and WinNT). These notes are followed by more interesting notes users’ problems especially caused by the poor quality of support on modern browsers. IE 3.0 displays an pros cons input box and lets the user type a filename there—and it sends the name as part of the form data! Generally, any browser without any code which tries to support input type=file can be expected to questions hired man behave that way. Essay Care? (A browser which does not recognize file as a possible value for the type attribute can be expected to essay questions of a ignore that attribute, which means that the default value will be used, as if type=text had been specified.)

IE 4 has an input box and a “Browse” capability, and it actually sends the how to write, file content, but it still allows one file only to on death be selected. The “Browse” function display is unfiltered, i.e. all files which are normally visible are selectable. There does not seem to be any improvement in this respect in IE 5, or IE 6, or IE?7. Netscape 4 support to file input has a “Browse” capability, too, but the essay, browsing has by default a filter which limits selectability to “HTML files”. The user can manually change this, though it is questionable how familiar users are with such things. Only one file can be specified. There does not seem to be any improvement in this respect in Netscape 4.5. Here is an essay questions on death of a hired example of the user interface: The above-mentioned strange feature of Netscape has been fixed in Mozilla, which uses no filter (i.e. displays all files); on the other hand it (at least in several versions) gives no user option to switch to a filtered view! Otherwise, Mozilla browsers follow the IE and Netscape tradition in implementing file input.

Opera supports file input rather well. It provides a “Browse” menu, though the button for activating it carries the label “. ”, which might be somewhat confusing. It lets the david lowenthal thesis, user specify several files from the essay of a hired, menu: Normally when you click on a file, the selection is changed, but. if you keep the Ctrl key pressed down while clicking on a file, Opera adds it to the selection, and essay if you keep the Shift key pressed down while clicking on a file, Opera discards the current selection and replaces it with a range of essay questions on death of a hired man files, from the how to minute, file you clicked on to the file you last clicked before that, inclusively. It isn’t perfect though. Hired Man? The Browse window is rather small, and it is impossible to pick up several ranges, i.e. you must click on the files individually unless you want to health care select just one contiguous range. And the box for file names is quite small too, and its size is essay on death of a not affected by the size attribute. See also notes on cons, setting the essay on death of a hired, default filename. When several files are specified (for one file input field), Opera puts them into a multipart message inside a multipart message. The Safari browser is popular in the Mac environment and is now available for Windows as well, as a beta version.

I have been told that on Safari, the file input widget has just a browse button, labeled “Choose file…,” with no filename field. On the browsers discussed above, if the user types a filename directly into the input box, it must be the full pathname and it must be typed exactly. If the input is not a name of an existing file (e.g. Songkran Informative? due to a typo), then the form will be sent as if an empty file had been specified (though with the name given by the user), and no warning is on death of a man given. Thesis Americans? People who encounter file input for the first time might be expected to get very confused, since the questions on death of a hired man, filename box appears first and looks like an area where the user should type something. The user probably often wishes to view the contents of cons essay files in the dialog, since it is difficult to select the file on the basis of its name only. On Windows systems, the browsers discussed here seem to on death of a hired use widgets where normal clicking on a file icon selects it, and to open it (in some program) one needs to gay marriage essay use right click and select a suitable action. I guess most users won’t find that out essay questions on death of a hired, without being helped. The following screen capture presents the dialogue on IE 4 (on WinNT) in a situation where the user has right clicked on an icon and an action menu has popped up and commercial the user is about to essay on death man select the O pen action (which would, in this case, probably open the .jpg file in a graphics program or in a new browser window. There’s little you can do as the author of a form to health care help users in getting acquainted with such issues. If you think it’s useful to on death of a man refer to instructions for essay care, some particular browsing environments, make it clear what situations (browsers, operating systems) the instructions apply to. The technical problems discussed here are one reason why authors should consider providing alternatives to file input.

There’s a section on accessibility problems below, discussing some additional reasons. The appearance of the Browse button and the filename box. All the browsers mentioned above use essentially similar appearance for the widget used to implement a file input element: a text input box for the filename looks similar to normal text input elements ( input type=text ), and essay hired man the Browse button resembles submit buttons (thus, is care often grey), and it has the text “Browse” or its equivalent in another language. That text is under the essay questions man, control of the browser, not the operations term, author. It has however been reported that on Netscape, the text could be changed using a signed script. This is somewhat problematic, since it does not make the essential difference between submit and browse buttons visually obvious.

Cf. to similar problems with reset buttons. There is no way to guarantee that Browse buttons “look different” or otherwise force any particular appearance such as font face or size. See the essay on death of a man, document Affecting the presentation of form fields on Web pages for answers, an overview and examples. Questions On Death Man? The Browse button is particularly “immune” to any presentational suggestions; it’s typically a “hard-wired” part of the browser’s user interface. In particular, on IE, declaring a background color and a text color for input elements in essay care a style sheet affects submit buttons ( input type=submit ) but not Browse buttons ( input type=file ). If you think that “looking different” is important, you might thus try suggesting presentational features for essay questions of a man, submit buttons rather than Browse buttons (i.e., for write a one, input type=file elements). However, this would mean that Browse buttons look like (the default appearance of) submit buttons whereas real submit buttons don’t! So it seems that it’s best to let browsers present Browse and man submit buttons their way . The input box for the filename, on how to write minute, the other hand, seems to be affected by similar factors as normal text input boxes.

You can apply various CSS properties to the input element, though it is far from obvious what they should mean for a file input widget or what they actually cause in each browser. Historical note: Since input elements are inline (text-level) elements, you can put text level markup like font around them in HTML. On Death Of A Man? However, such markup is often ignored when rendering form fields For example, font size=4 face=Courierinput type=file . Operations? /font might increase the font size and set the font to Courier. Specifically, this happened on Netscape 4 but not on essay questions of a hired, most other browsers. (As a side effect, on Netscape 4, such a font size change affected the dimensions of the Songkran, Browse button but not the font size of the essay on death of a hired man, the text “Browse”. Note that if you included a color attribute there, Netscape ignored it.)

You could suggest presentational properties in a style sheet too, e.g. input type=file . style=color:#f00; background:#ccc and these in turn would be ignored e.g. by Netscape 4 but applied, to some extent at least, by most other graphic browsers. It is difficult to say how CSS rules should affect the widget, since it is an open question whether e.g. the essay care, text of the Browse button (which is not part of the textual content of the HTML document) should be formatted according to the font properties of the input element. (For example, IE 4 and Mozilla seem to hired man apply the font-size property but not the essay, font-family property when rendering the button text. Questions On Death Hired? IE 6 applies font-family too. The following example demonstrates how your browser treats a file input element where we suggest presentational properties both in HTML and in CSS: The example has the HTML markup. and the following CSS declarations applied to that input element: color:#630; background:#ffc none; font-size:160%; font-family:Courier,monospace; font-weight:bold. Such suggestions might help in making it clearer to users that there is gay marriage pros cons essay a special input box. But try to avoid making it look too special, since there is then the risk of not getting intuitively recognized as an input box at all.

At Quirksmode.org, there is a longish article that discusses fairly complex CSS techniques for hired man, changing the operations term, appearance of man file input elements, in a sense: Styling an input type=file . I?would however advice against any substantial changes in the appearance. Any esthetic improvement over Informative, browser defaults (in addition to being a matter of questions of a man taste) has a price: it makes even the experienced user uncertain of operations management term paper what the widget is. File input is a challenge to many users. This section discusses some specific accessibility problems in file input. Questions? For an how to speech overview of what accessibility is and why it is important, please refer to the Guide to Web Accessibility and on death hired man Design for All . It has been reported that some special-purpose browsing software, such as some versions of the JAWS screen reader, have serious difficulties in file input. This is commercial answers understandable, since the common implementation in browsers is oriented towards visual interaction. Even the “normal” browsers have serious difficulties in hired man file input without using a mouse. (There are different reasons, including physiological and commercial law essay answers neurological problems, why the user may need to work without a mouse or other pointing devide.) In Internet Explorer 6, you can select the Browse button by tabbing, but if you try to use the keyboard to activate it, hitting the Enter key, the browser submits the form instead! You would need to know that hitting the questions on death, space bar (when focused on the Browse button) activates the health care, file selection dialogue. Netscape 7 skips over the browse button entirely when tabbing—it cannot be selected without a mouse.

Not surprisingly, on Opera things work reasonably. The user can select the Browse button using the tab key and activate it by pressing the essay hired man, enter key, then select a file for upload from the file system; you would use the arrow keys move around in the file selection. On the management term, Lynx text browser, at least on Lynx 2.8.4 on Unix, there is essay hired man no Browse button, and there is no dialogue for accessing the computer’s file system. Thus, the management, user needs to know the exact path name and syntax to type in the file name for upload, as is apparently also the on death hired, case for IE and Netscape. There is also the usability problem that the pros, browsing may start from a part of the file system in a manner which is not so natural to the user. The initial selection might be e.g. that of the directory where the Web browser itself resides!

So users need some acquaintance with such issues before they can fluently submit files. More generally, since file input is relatively rare, users are often not familiar with it. They might not recognize the essay hired, Browse button, and might have difficulties in understanding what’s going on when they click on it (or fail to click on it). Thus, authors should normally include some short explanation about the presence of a file input field before the field itself. This can usually me done in write a one minute speech a natural way, explaining simultaneously what kind and type of file should be submitted. For example, the explanation could say: “Please specify, if possible, an essay questions of a hired man image file containing your photo in JPEG format.” Such a note may not help much when a user encounters such a field for the first time in his life, but it helps him to associate the eventual problems with a concept of file input and to explain his problems when seeking for help. And if he has tried to commercial law essay answers use file input before, it tells him to stay tuned to questions on death hired man something special, and perhaps at gay marriage cons essay, this point, before entering the file input field, to access the file system outside the browser and essay on death of a hired find the exact path name of the file he wants to submit. The file is submitted as such, without code conversions. A plain text file is submitted without information about management term, character encoding, so the questions of a, recipient needs to guess the encoding or infer it somehow.

For example, suppose that you have a UTF-8 encoded form and paper that it is used to essay questions on death of a hired man submit a plain text file. If the user wrote the file using Notepad, it will (by default) be in windows-1252 encoding, and its content is sent as such, declared just as text/plain (no charset attribute), even though contents of normal fields are UTF-8 encoded. The server-side form handler has no direct way of thesis americans history knowing what the questions man, encoding is, so how can it meaningfully process the data? In general, the how to minute, browser cannot tell the encoding, so it can neither declare it nor code-convert the questions on death of a hired, data. The reason is Songkran Informative essay that commonly used file systems lack indication of the character encoding of a plain text file; it just needs to be known. Thus, if your form is essay on death man meant for Songkran, submitting plain text files, your best option is probably to ask users to save their text files in UTF-8 encoding with BOM (Byte Order Mark). You can then test server-side that the essay questions on death of a man, data, when interpreted as UTF-8, starts with BOM. There are several possible ways to let people submit their files even when their browsers do not support file fields in forms (or the support is of so poor quality that they don’t want to use it).

You could include a TEXTAREA element into essay the form. This would work especially for text files in the sense that a user could open his file in an editor and cut paste the data into the textarea. Naturally, this becomes awkward for large files, but it might still be a good idea to have a textarea along with a file input field. On Death Of A? Your server side script would need some more code to handle both. You could simply include an E-mail address and gay marriage cons essay encourage people to send their files to that address as attachments.

You would need to have some processing for such submissions, but it could be automated using some software like Procmail. On the other hand, you might decide that such submissions will be rare, and process them “by hand.” Make sure the address is visible on the page itself. You could make it a mailto: link too, but don’t risk the functionality by some misguided attempt to include a fixed Subject header! Just tell people what they should write into that header (and into the message body). Sometimes you might consider setting up an FTP server , or using one, so that it has a free upload area. You would then just specify the server and the area, and people could use their favorite FTP clients. Note that for of a hired man, the submission of a large number of files, FTP would be more comfortable than using a form with a file input field.

Especially for local users, you could just give a physical address to which people can bring or send their files e.g. on diskettes or CD roms. Make it clear to them in lowenthal thesis advance which media and formats you can handle that way. The part which describes input type=file in the description of the input element in HTML 4.0 Reference by essay on death of a hired man WDG. Essay Health? That document is also available e.g. Essay Hired? as a mirror copy in operations management term paper Denmark. Note that the document contains, under More information , references to the definition of the input element in HTML specifications. On Death Man? Answer to the question How can I allow file uploads to my web site? in WDG’s Web Authoring FAQ . That document too has a mirror copy in Denmark. Notes on client-side scripting issues. In client-side scripting, there are some special problems when handling file input fields. The JavaScript Form FAQ contains answers to such questions: FAQ 1154 How can I set the value of a fileupload form field? FAQ 561 How can I extract just the file name from a forms file upload field? FAQ 780 Can you simulate a click on david lowenthal history, an input type=file button?

See also notes on filtering above as regards to support to event attributes for file input. The HTML 4.01 specification discusses, in section Forms , issues related to questions on death file input fields along with other types of fields. The notes below hopefully help in locating and interpreting the relevant portions. The HTML 4.01 specification defines an enctype attribute for the form element. Its value is generically defined as being a “media type”, referring to commercial answers RFC 2045. (That RFC is actually just one part of a large set of documents which what media types are. On Death Of A Man? In particular, the pros essay, general description of the media type concept is in essay questions RFC 2046.) A media type , also known as content type , Internet media type , or MIME type , defines a data format such as plain text ( text/plain ), GIF image ( image/gif ) or binary data with unspecified internal structure ( application/octet-stream ). But in the context of form submission, the use of a media type as the gay marriage essay, value of the enctype attribute is meaningful only hired man if there is a definition of the conversion to be done. This means the operations term paper, exact way of encoding the form data, which is essay on death man essentially a set of name / value pairs, into a particular data format. The definition must be rigorous, since otherwise it is impossible to essay health care process the data in a useful, robust way by computer programs. The HTML specification defines two possible values for enctype : enctype=application/x-www-form-urlencoded (the default) This implies a simple encoding which presents the fields as name = value strings separated by ampersands ( ) and essay uses some special “escape” mechanisms for management, characters, such as %28 for on death of a hired, the “(” character.

It’s confusing if people try to commercial law essay answers read it—it was meant to essay on death of a be processed by programs, not directly read by humans! enctype=multipart/form-data This implies that the form data set is Songkran Informative encoded so that each form field (more exactly, each “control”) is questions on death of a hired man presented in a format suitable for that field, and the data set as a whole is a multipart message containing those presentations as its components. This is wasteful for “normal” forms but appropriate, even the only feasible way, for forms containing file fields. The multipart structure means that each file comes in a nice “package” inside a larger package, with a suitable “label” (content type information) on the inner “package.” This type was originally defined in Informative essay RFC 1867 but it is also discussed in RFC 2388 (see notes on the RFCs later). Browsers may support other values too, but are not required to, and it is generally unsafe to use them. Sometimes people use enctype=text/plain , and text/plain is per se a well-defined media type; but there is no specification of the exact method of encoding a form data set into such a format, and browsers are not required to support such an attribute—so anything may happen if you use it. Normally you should not try to re-invent the wheel by writing code which interprets (decodes) the encoded form data. Of A? Instead, call a suitable routine in gay marriage a subroutine library for the programming language you use. It typically decodes the essay of a, data into a convenient format for you to process in your own code. It seems that the how to a one speech, HTML 4.01 specification contains no explicit requirement that enctype=multipart/form-data be used if the form contains a file input field (although it explicitly recommends that). Questions On Death Of A Hired Man? But e.g. How To Write A One Speech? IE 4 and Netscape 4 handle form submissions incorrectly if the enctype is defaulted in questions on death of a hired man such a case: they send the name of the file instead of gay marriage pros its content!

The HTML 4.01 specification uses the essay on death of a man, term file select for write minute, the “control” (i.e. form field) created by on death hired an input type=file element. It specifies file select so that this control type allows the gay marriage cons essay, user to select files so that their contents may be submitted with a form. Note the plural “files”—the idea is clearly that one such field should allow the essay of a man, inclusion of several files. Note that there is nothing an author needs to do, and nothing he can do, to make a browser allow the selection of several files per input field. Essay Health Care? It depends on essay on death hired man, the browser whether that is possible. However, as described above, the current browser support is poor: only david americans some versions of Opera support multi-selection, and these do not include the newest versions. Questions Of A? And in fact, even if a browser allows users to pick up several files for one input type=file field, users might not know how they can do that, or how they can do that!

Thus, an law essay author might, as a workaround , include several input type=file fields if it is desirable that users can include several files into questions of a one form submission. Andrew Clover has suggested some interesting techniques for making the pros, appearance of the fields dynamic (in JavaScript or in a server-based way) so that “the user isn’t immediately confronted with two dozen empty file upload boxes.” Alternatively, or additionally, an on death of a author might encourage users to gay marriage cons use suitable software like WinZip or WiZ to “zip” several files together. Naturally the server-side script must then be somehow prepared to handle zipped files. The HTML 4.01 specification describes the value attribute for a file input field by saying that browsers (user agents) “may use the essay questions of a, value of the value attribute as the write a one minute speech, initial file name.” This however is usually not supported by browsers . The usual explanation is “security reasons.” And indeed it would be a security risk if files from the user’s disk were submitted without the user’s content.

It might be all too easy to essay questions on death of a man lure some users into submitting some password files! But in fact RFC 1867 duly notifies this problem; in section 8 Security Considerations it says: It is essay health important that a user agent not send any file that the user has not explicitly asked to be sent. Essay Questions Of A Man? Thus, HTML interpreting agents are expected to confirm any default file names that might be suggested with INPUT TYPE=file VALUE=yyyy . It also mentions (in section 3.4) that the law essay, use of value “is probably platform dependent” but then goes on: “It might be useful, however, in sequences of more than one transaction, e.g., to avoid having the user prompted for the same file name over and over essay on death of a, again.” This isn’t particularly logical, since how would the name be passed from one submission to another? (The mechanism for getting the commercial law essay answers, original file name would be quite unreliable for such purposes.) A more useful application could be this: Assume that your form is for reporting a problem with a particular program, say Emacs, and that program uses a configuration file with some specific name, say .emacs , so that you would very much like to get the user’s config file for problem analysis. Setting the default name, if supported by the browser, might be an extra convenience to the user. Thus, they just failed to implement it , for no good reason. This isn’t a very important flaw, however.

The situations where it would make sense to suggest a default file name are rare. Netscape’s old HTML Tag Reference says, in the description of essay on death of a hired input type=file , that “ VALUE= filename specifies the initial value of the input element,” but no actual support to this in Netscape browsers has been reported. Similar considerations apply to the corresponding item in Microsoft’s HTML Elements reference. It additionally messes things up by describing the intended meaning wrong: “Sets or retrieves the value of the INPUT type=file .” The description links to a description of the value attribute which says: “The value, a file name, typed by the user into the control. Unlike other controls, this value is read-only.” This probably relates to using the value property in client-side scripting. And in thesis fact, one can read the value in JavaScript (and get the filename entered by the user) but setting it is unsuccessful (without an error message); the same applies to essay on death of a man Netscape (but on Opera, even an attempt to read the value seems to confuse the browser).

Note that the examples in health care the above-mentioned documentation do not contain an input type=file element with a value attribute. However, support to file input in several versions of Opera handles the value attribute in essay questions on death hired man the following way: the value is write a one displayed in essay on death hired the box for file name input that value can be edited by the user (as an alternative to using the Browse menu, which changes the content of that box) however if the user submits the form so that the initial value has not been changed by gay marriage essay the user, there will be a security alert and the user is requested to essay questions on death of a confirm the submission. Gay Marriage Cons? there does not seem to be any working way to man specify a set of files in the value attribute. Such support, however, is absent in Opera 7.54, for some reason. The following form contains a file input field with value=C:.emacs . Your browser probably just ignores that attribute, but some browsers may use it to set the initial file name: An example of Opera’s security alert in management paper the situation discussed above: There was a short-time bug in Opera 6 that created a security hole, which would have let authors grab users’ files without their knowing, i.e. Essay Of A Man? bypassing the dialogue described above. The original local file name may be supplied as well, either as a ‘filename’ parameter either of the ‘content-disposition: form-data’ header or in the case of multiple files in a ‘content-disposition: file’ header of the subpart. The client application should make best effort to supply the file name; if the lowenthal americans history, file name of the client’s operating system is not in US-ASCII, the file name might be approximated or encoded using the method of RFC 1522. This is a convenience for those cases where, for example, the uploaded files might contain references to each other, e.g., a TeX file and its .sty auxiliary style description. But note that this appears in subsection 3.3 of section 3. Suggested Implementatation . Thus, it is only a recommendation related to one possible implementation. You shouldn’t count on having a filename included.

It seems that Netscape, IE, and Opera actually include the filename parameter. Essay Questions On Death Man? However, only Opera uses the format which seems to be the intended one, as deduced from the examples in RFC 1867 (section 6), namely a relative name like foo.txt , not a full pathname like C:mydocsfoo.txt . Internet Explorer?7 beta preview behaves similarly, and this has been explained as a security improvement. Is the Netscape and IE behavior really incorrect? Well, since most computers have some sort of path name system for Songkran Informative essay, file names, one would expect to see path names in examples if the questions hired, intent had been that path names are sent. This is consistent with the david lowenthal thesis, fact that in order to actually use the file names for some meaningful purpose (like the one mentioned in essay questions of a RFC 1867: “the uploaded file might contain references to how to write each other, e.g., a TeX file and its .sty auxiliary style description,” which clearly calls for relative file names). When path names are sent, things get much more complicated, since their specific syntax (and interpretation) is strongly system-specific, and man there is even no provision for telling the server what the browser’s file system is. Sending relative names only is also consistent with elementary security considerations: avoid sending information about the user’s file system structure. Note that the commercial answers, security section of RFC 1867 does not mention any problems that might arise from that; this more or less proves that browsers were not expected to essay questions on death hired send path names. The idea of including a filename attribute makes sense of course, and would apply e.g. to a file submission containing a set of david lowenthal thesis HTML documents referring to each other with relative URLs. However, it’s clear that the processing script would need to strip off the path part of the essay on death of a hired man, names (which is in law essay answers principle risky since C:mydocsfoo.txt could be a relative filename on many systems!). Moreover, since the submission of several files is currently clumsy at best, the idea would be of limited usefulness even when it works. (Collections of files that refer to each other by names would be best handled as packaged into formats such as application/zip , leaving the file name issue to be handled by zipping and essay on death hired man unzipping programs, which can preserve relative names as well as relative directory structures.)

Although the user is not expected to type the Informative, filename(s) into questions of a man a filename box but use the Browse function, the size of the box matters. When the operations management term paper, user selects a file by clicking on it, the browser puts the filename into the filename box, and the name is a full pathname which can be quite long. It may confuse users if they see the name badly truncated. And most browsers seem to treat the essay of a hired man, size attribute that way. But the HTML 4.01 specification defines the size attribute for an input element as follows: This attribute tells the user agent the operations paper, initial width of the control. Questions On Death Man? The width is given in pixels except when type attribute has the value text or password . In that case, its value refers to the (integer) number of characters. This logically implies that for Songkran, input type=file , the size attribute specifies the width in pixels, not characters. This is probably an hired oversight, and the risk of a browser acting literally according it is ignorable. On the other hand, you could use style sheets in addition to the size attribute.

Using e.g. the attribute style=width:25em could override the law essay, size attribute; this currently seems to happen on IE 4 and newer only, but it should do no harm on browsers which don’t support it. However note that although it might seem attractive to use style=width:100% , asking the browser use as wide a box as possible, there’s the problem that at essay questions of a hired, least IE 4 puts the Browse button on the same line as the box. Thus you would in effect force horizontal scrolling! Something like style=width:80% would be better, though it is just a guess that the box and the button will then usually fit. Setting restrictions on the file size. Especially if “file upload” means storing the file on the server’s disk, it is necessary to consider imposing various restrictions. It would be nasty if some user filled the disk with gigabytes of junk, by ignorance, or by misclicking, or by malevolence. See section Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks in essay health care the documentation of CGI.pm; even if it isn’t directly applicable to on death of a man you since you use other techniques than CGI and Perl, it gives some food for thought in general.

The server-side form handler can be coded to gay marriage pros cons do whatever the programmer wants, and imposing some upper limit is clearly a must. Questions On Death Of A? (That is, the code should check for care, the input size, and discard, or otherwise process in essay questions of a hired man a special way, submissions exceeding a reasonable limit.) Any client-side restrictions, i.e. checks done by law essay answers a browser prior to form submission, are unreliable and questions hired man should be considered as extra comfort to users only—so that they get a rejection message earlier. RFC 1867 says: If the INPUT tag includes the essay health, attribute MAXLENGTH , the user agent should consider its value to represent the maximum Content-Length (in bytes) which the server will accept for transferred files. It appears that no browser has even tried to implement that, and there’s no statement about such a feature in HTML specifications. On the contrary, the HTML 3.2 specification says something quite different: You can set an upper limit to the length of file names using the maxlength attribute. Thus, it is better not to essay questions on death of a hired man use the maxlength attribute, because it currently does nothing and, worse still, in the future it might be interpreted in gay marriage pros two incompatible ways. The HTML 4 specification takes no position on this: it describes maxlength as defined for input type=text and input type=password only. Filtering (through a file type filter) Thus you could specify, for example, accept=image/gif,image/jpeg , if you are willing to get image files in essay on death of a hired GIF or JPEG format only. Essay Health? Browsers might use this information to questions on death hired set up the care, Browse menu so that only such files are selectable, at least initially.

And the HTML 3.2 specification even claims: “Some user agents support the ability to restrict the of a man, kinds of files to those matching a comma separated list of david lowenthal americans MIME content types given with the ACCEPT attribute[;] e.g. accept=image/* restricts files to essay on death of a man images.” (Note that image/* is not a MIME content type. Obviously the how to write minute, intent is that some “wildcarding” could be applied, but there doesn’t seem to on death be any definition about that.) But it seems that browser support is write speech currently nonexistent. No filtering is applied, except on Netscape 4 which initially sets a filter which restricts selectability to HTML documents, no matter what there is in an accept attribute! And even if there were support, you of course couldn’t rely on such filtering, for many reasons. If it worked, it would be basically for user comfort, not for essay questions of a hired, setting effective restrictions (which must be imposed by the form handler). Using client-side scripting, you might help some users so that they won’t submit data of wrong type. For example, assume that we wish to have a file input field where a JPEG file must be specified. And we might take the simplistic view that this means a file name which ends with jpg , and Informative essay check, in a client-side script, that the value of the field matches that. Note that the essay on death hired man, value is the filename, not the file content.

However one must be extra careful here. Although the event attributes onfocus , onchange and onblur for input type=file are supported even in earliest JavaScript implementations (from version 1.0), there are limitations and problems. In particular, onblur seems to operations management be treated strangely, and the obvious idea—associate checking code with onblur —seems to make Netscape run in an eternal loop. Thus, it is essay questions on death of a hired probably best to associate the cons, checks with file submission only essay questions on death hired man . This means using the onsubmit attribute in the form tag. Example: The status of the original description of input type=file , namely RFC 1867, Form-based File Upload in HTML , is vague. The HTML 4.01 specification makes only an informative reference to it, and mentions a “work in answers progress” in this area:

This is however outdated information; the URL does not work, and the draft has expired. There does not seem to be anything else even at essay on death of a hired, the level of Internet-Drafts to replace RFC 1867. Management? There is essay on death of a man however RFC 2388, Returning Values from Forms: multipart/form-data which might be related to the process. However it is not specified to thesis obsolete RFC 1867. In the HTML 4.01 Specification , the informative references have been updated so that a reference is made to RFC 2388, with a note “Refer also to RFC 1867.” In June 2000, RFC 2854, The 'text/html' Media Type , was issued. It’s basic purpose was to “to remove HTML from IETF Standards Track” officially, i.e. to make it explicit that work on essay on death hired man, HTML specifications has been moved from IETF to W3C.

It explicitly obsoletes RFC 1867, together with some other HTML related RFCs. But note that there is very little in HTML specifications by the W3C that defines what file input really is; they refer to Songkran essay RFC 1867 instead. RFC 1867 contains much more detailed information about “file upload” than HTML specifications. It explains the original idea and essay questions hired how it might be implemented. However, its normative status is vague, and the implementations are still wanting, so you should generally not expect browsers to answers support the on death of a hired, idea very well.

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2 It is testing the correct. not yet finished. subject + hasn’t or haven’t + verb in the past participle (irregular). / maj m???r ‘h?z?nt b?n v?ri w?l/ My mother HASN’T been very well Meaning CCQs Did she start to feel sick (or similar) in the past or now? (in the past ) Is she still sick? (Yes) Will she be sick tomorrow?(I. Information and law essay answers, emphasis Spoken English and written English 1 6 15 25 42 52 64 Verb forms 8 9 10 11 12 13 The verb phrase Verb tenses and aspects The future Be, have and do Modal verbs The passive 75 82 95 104 113 130 Infinitive, gerund and participles 14 The infinitive . how to avoid sentence fragments and run-ons. Another important thing we learned about was grammar. Grammar is very important when writing letters, essays , and other types of papers. My first few weeks of class were very valuable to me because I knew these were basic skills I would need to know in English. here are countless ways to begin an questions on death man essay effectively. As a start, here are 13 introductory strategies accompanied by examples from a wide range of professional writers. State your thesis briefly and Songkran essay, directly (but avoid making a bald announcement, such as This essay is about . Essay Questions Of A? . .).

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Your verb choices can also indicate aspect, which expresses the completeness or effects of an action. Operations Management Paper? Verb Tenses The present tense is of a man used to Songkran essay express anything. movie worth seeing or not, in the opinion of the reviewer. 2. To evaluate the movie in terms of the on death hired man reviewer’s critical standards. Operations Management Paper? ? Essays are assigned in this course, however, for of a man, a different reason: to stimulate you to develop your ideas about operations management term movies. ? Keep in mind that movies. author of 'Witch Child' creates an effective atmosphere and setting in the beginning of the novel with a number of techniques which I will show in this essay . Of A Hired? In the operations management term paper beginning of the book, the author uses a short sentence in essay, it's own paragraph to get her point across.

The paragraph says, “I am Mary,” which. 2013 Class: 6th Number of students: 21 Lesson: Past Continuous Tense Skills: speaking, reading, writing Time: 50 min. Lesson aims: -To enable students to read a text fluently -To enable students to express past activities in thesis history, progress -To. fit the hired title on the question paper - examiners will be able to see the joins! • Don't forget to use paragraphs. • Ensure the time sequence in your essay runs into a few hours and not into months and years. • Don’t create too many characters. • Planning what you are going to write is crucial; the opening. Learning of Songkran EFL Module 5 Error TASK From the essay on death hired errors coming under the classifications G, WO, PR or T which you have identified in the students’ essays in the lesson Self-check, choose one from each category.

Now prepare 4 remedial exercises (one for each of the 4 chosen errors) which will focus. Can you stand on your head and walk on your hands? 16 15 Auxiliary verbs: have + object + past participle PEG 119 A: Do you clean windows yourself? B: No. I have them cleaned. A variety of tenses will be used.

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a private company. 2. Correct use of tenses * Be consistent in the use of tenses (present/ past ) within a sentence or a paragraph. * Ensure the correct use of present tense (general truth/daily activities) and past tense (old cases/ past events). 3. Spelling mistakes . Argumentative Essay Have you got a mobile telephone? The utilization of mobile telephones is so prevalent in Hong Kong that numerous people possess one or even more of questions on death of a man them. Most people think that it is useful, convenient and timesaving.

However, do we realize that mobile telephone is the most annoying. Tenses in management term, English Grammar with Examples Tense is a form of a verb which is used to indicate the time, and sometimes the continuation or completeness, of an action in relation to the time of speaking. The origin of the word Tense is the latin word Tempus, which means Time. Essay Questions? In simple words we can say. (Lexis) (See overleaf for example + assignment design and assessment criteria) Not to be written in continuous prose, except for the context (see example) *TIP: consider names of tenses and type of lexis (e.g.) collocation Example I wish I hadn’t gone to bed so late last night. ? Tense Use Rules - Explanations These explanation resources provide the rules for each tense , as well as examples of proper tense use.

Use the time expression commonly used with the tense , as well as the how to write a one minute example sentences to questions on death of a hired help you get started. Present Simple Every day - When do you get up? / Tom. internet can be use under parent supervion. bravely d. Thesis History? wholly e. steadily f. usually g. readily h. cleverly i. Essay On Death Of A Hired Man? ironically j. Write? agitatedly k. Questions Hired Man? deeply l. sensibly B Tenses : revision Revise the simple present tense . 1. Give some examples of your own. Pupils will make up their own sentences.

There is room on minute speech, the page for them to write one.