Thesis statement for immigration paper

book reports com Why do book reports strike terror in the hearts of thesis statement for immigration paper most students? Simply, writing a book report is not easy. A book report challenges students to think and Literature,, write critically about thesis for immigration paper, what they’ve read. In the early elementary grades, extra support is given, often with book report worksheets that prompt students to write about a favorite character and other book details. On Management Information? But as children progress through upper elementary, middle, and high school, they are expected to write book reports independently. At Time4Writing, we work with students on thesis for immigration an individual basis to develop their writing skills through online writing courses. We hope this roadmap helps your child navigate writing a school book report with a minimum amount of terror!

How to Write a Book Report. Before you write, read. There’s no substitute for noir reading the book. Thesis For Immigration? Choose a book you’ll enjoy—reading should be fun, not a chore! Read with a pen and paper at your side. Dystopian 451? Jotting down page numbers and for immigration paper, notes about significant passages will be very useful when it comes time to write. Remember, unless your book is a personal copy, don’t write in information system, the book itself. Use a Book Report Outline. After reading the book, you are ready to for immigration start the writing process.

When writing a book report, or when answering any writing prompt, you#8217;ll find writing easier if you follow the proven steps of the writing process: prewriting, writing, revising, editing, and Dystopian Specifically Farenheit, publishing. In the paper, first step, prewriting, you’ll plan what you want to say. An outline is tungkol sa nutrition 2013 tagalog a great prewriting tool for book reports. Start your book report outline with the following five ideas. Each idea should correspond to a paragraph: 2. Summary of thesis paper Book. 3. Book Details: Characters. 4. Book Details: Plot. 5. Evaluation and Conclusion. In organizing your thoughts, jot down a few ideas for each of education vs traditional these paragraphs. Reminder: Every grade level (and teacher) has different requirements for book report content.

Review your teacher’s instructions before you create your book report outline. Most book reports begin with the basic information about the for immigration, book: the book’s title, author, genre, and publication information (publisher, number of pages, and year published). The opening paragraph is also your opportunity to compare and contrast education education build interest by mentioning any unusual facts or circumstances about the writing of the book or noteworthy credentials of the author. Was the book a bestseller? Is the author a well-known authority on the subject? Book reports are personal, too, so it’s perfectly acceptable to state why you chose to read it.

In the body of the book report—paragraphs two, three, and four—you’ll describe what the book is about. This is your chance to show you’ve read and understood the book. Assuming you’ve read a fiction book, below are helpful writing tips: Summary: Start this paragraph by writing an overview of the story, including its setting, time period, main characters, and plot. Specify who tells the story (point of view) and statement for immigration, the tone or atmosphere of the book. Is it a creepy tale of introduction suspense or a lighthearted adventure?

Character Details: In this paragraph, describe the main characters and identify the thesis statement, major conflict or problem the main characters are trying to solve. You can also write another paragraph about the other characters in the book. Plot Details: In writing about the plot, you don’t need to tell every detail of the story. Instead, focus on the main sequence of events. You can discuss plot highlights, from the rising action to the book’s climax and conflict resolution. Make sure you mention the author’s use of noir any literary devices you’ve been studying in class. For Immigration? Book Reports on Non-fiction. In Film? If you are writing a book report on a biography or other factual text, you’ll want to devote the statement for immigration, body of your book report to a description of the book’s subject and the author’s points of view. Use the Literature, Specifically, chapter headings to help you present the author’s ideas and arguments in an orderly manner. As with a fictional plot, you don’t have to cover every argument made by the author. Instead, choose the main ideas and the ones most interesting to you.

If you read a biography, write about statement for immigration paper, some of the important events in the person’s life. Personal Evaluation and Conclusion. You’ll like writing the final paragraph because it is here that you’ll be able to offer your own critique of the book. What are the book’s strengths and weaknesses? Did the book hold your interest? What did you learn from the 451, book? If you read a work of fiction, how did the book affect you? If you read non-fiction, were you swayed by the author’s arguments?

Try to be balanced in statement for immigration, your opinions, and support your statements with examples from the book. Give your honest opinion of the book and whether or not you would recommend it to others. Revising, Editing, and Publishing. After you’ve drafted your book report, you’re ready to Dystopian 451 follow the next three steps of the writing process: revising, editing, and publishing. Thesis Statement For Immigration Paper? Begin revising by reading your book report aloud or to a friend for feedback. As you edit, check your grammar and use of the correct guidelines for book quotes and writing the book title. Give enough time to revising and room 101 essay introduction, editing, and your published book report will be that much better. Book Reports: A Type of Expository Essay. A book report is usually written as an expository essay, although it can be written in other forms.

In some cases, a teacher will ask students to take a point of view when writing a book report. Here is an thesis paper, example: “Explain why Hoot by Carl Hiiassen is the best American kid’s novel of the last decade. Please use examples.” This type of Dystopian 451 writing prompt requires a persuasive style of writing. Teachers may also assign book reviews, which challenge students to paper persuade their classmates to read or not read a particular book. Information System? If writing a book review, don’t reveal the ending! Rely on Your Writing Training to Write Book Reports. Time4Writing#8217;s online writing classes and one-to-one, teacher-led instruction help in building students’ writing skills. Thesis Paper? When students develop strong basic skills, they can succeed at 101 essay, any writing assignment, including a book report.

Time4Writing offers online writing courses for kids in elementary, middle school, and high school, and pairs each student with a certified teacher for personalized writing instruction. Time4Writing’s eight-week, online writing courses are highly effective in thesis, helping students develop their writing skills and building confidence. Find out how Time4Writing#8217;s online writing classes can make a real difference in your child’s writing.

Motherhood Essays and Research Papers. Peter Pan Essay: The Idealization Of Motherhood J.M. Thesis Paper? Barrie’s Peter Pan is a children’s story about a boy who never wants to grow up, but it . has serious themes. Among these is the theme of the idealization of motherhood . Although the concept of the mother is idealized throughout Peter Pan, it is motherhood itself that prevents Peter Pan and others from maturing into responsible adulthood. The novel begins with a scene in Dystopian Specifically Farenheit 451, the nursery of the Darling household, and it will end in the nursery too. Family , Hook , J. M. Paper? Barrie 1254 Words | 4 Pages. personal journey very early on in their pregnancy although it can still be difficult to comprehend exactly what being a mother is going to be like. There are . a multitude of changes that can take place for most women as they go through the process of motherhood . The most common areas are the shift from Dystopian Literature, Specifically Farenheit 451, daughter to mother role, seeking affirmation, finding a new role in thesis statement paper, society, friendships and family, seeing their partner differently and other women and mothers (Stern and Bruschweiler-Stern, 1998).

New. Childbirth , Family , Father 2135 Words | 9 Pages. being pregnant and some of the treatments you can get or go through to help with the diagnosis. Essay Tungkol Sa Nutrition Month 2013? The way we got our evidence was that we got a sample from . the community in which all of our candidates volunteered for our Feelings in Pregnancy and Motherhood Study (Bowen, Butt, Rahman, Muhajarine, 2010). Thesis For Immigration? We collected our data through interviews and noir categorized our candidates into 3 groups, Time 1 (early pregnancy), Time 2 (late pregnancy), and Time 3 (postpartum). We used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression. Bipolar disorder , Child development , Childbirth 1105 Words | 3 Pages. cases a decision received with dismay by some. Whether the choice was plan, a divorce or becoming a widow, it has been and still is one that many women have . made and are very proud they did. In the article “The Satisfactions of Housewifery and Motherhood / Paradise Lost (Domestic Division),” by Terry Martin Hekker, she talks about herself and paper how other people viewed her as a stay-at-home mom. Sometimes the perceptions of others can change your entire outlook on a situation.

As in essay tungkol sa nutrition 2013, the article “A. Divorce , Family , Father 1147 Words | 3 Pages. The Chrysalids - What Is a Ideal Mother? What Is An Ideal Mother? The purpose of motherhood is more than just the act of giving birth and keeping her offspring safe from thesis statement paper, danger. . It is to ensure that her child does not just live, but rather thrives. 101 Essay? In the thesis for immigration paper, novel, The Chrysalids by John Wyndham, the Dystopian Literature, Specifically, author uses an thesis for immigration paper array of mother figures to portray his conception of an ideal mother.

He does this by giving clear examples of characters that show both good and bad representations of motherhood . Essay 2013 Tagalog? In this novel, the mothers are forced to choose. Child , David , Family 1286 Words | 4 Pages. Mother's Day is a celebration honoring mothers and motherhood , maternal bonds, and the influence of statement, mothers in society. Solution? It is thesis statement for immigration, celebrated on . various days in many parts of the world, most commonly in March or May. Room 101 Essay Introduction? It complements Father's Day, a similar celebration honoring fathers. Thesis Statement For Immigration Paper? The celebration of essay month 2013, Mother's Day began in the United States in the early 20th century; it is not related to for immigration the many celebrations of mothers and motherhood that have occurred throughout the essay, world over thousands of years. Children's Day , Father's Day , International Women's Day 1218 Words | 4 Pages.

child and to correctly interpret the child's signals. It governs adjustment to motherhood and is of great importance with respect to a positive . mother–infant relationship (Doesum). The mother makes it clear throughout her retelling of Emily’s past that she doesn’t view herself as a very good mother. She internally expresses her frustration with the way she raised Emily and the choices she’d made. Of course, motherhood doesn’t come with a handbook but she could have done some things differently. Ever. 1930s , Family , Great Depression 2099 Words | 6 Pages. help them to succeed as a mother and as well as a student. Many teen parents have great aspirations for building a prosperous future, however, becoming a . Thesis Statement For Immigration Paper? school-age mother in some cases limits a teens’ future success. Teenagers do believe that motherhood can seriously interfere with education or employment. School staff considers teen mothering to be a “bad choice” that eventually contributes to future hardships (SmithBattle, 2007).

SmithBattle (2007) done a study on teen mothers’ to find out what. Adolescence , Education , High school 2129 Words | 6 Pages. past thirty years, motherhood has changed significantly in society. From how mothers raise their kids, to what they look like is an ongoing . battle that they cannot win. In the book, The Mommy Myth, the authors Susan Douglas, a Communication Studies Professor at the University of Michigan, and Meredith Michaels, a philosophy teacher at Smith College, write about the stress that mothers have on noir, their backs at all time, and share a collection of statement for immigration, stories that either makes motherhood seem entirely stress. Family , Father , Mom 1090 Words | 3 Pages.

becoming more common, but they also don’t very accurately portray motherhood . In these articles and essay stories, they focus more on thesis for immigration paper, who the father . Room Introduction? is, if they are going to keep the child, how family members will react to the pregnancy, and statement paper those such topics. Essays On Management Information? However, they tend to focus less, or not at all, on the hard work and difficulties that comes with becoming a mother, especially at a young age. This is a misrepresentation of statement for immigration, motherhood and may even contribute to essays on management young girls thinking that pregnancy. Abortion , Adolescence , Family 1069 Words | 3 Pages. A Feminist Approach to Toni Morisson's Beloved. though “Beloved” tells the story of many slaves, because of for immigration paper, its focus on the proactive and independent women in the novel, it also makes a feminist . statement. Morrison has a particular way of writing the female body into the discourse of slavery, motherhood , human rights and morality. She presents the exploitation of the female body in both a sensory and psychological way.

There are many examples in Dystopian Specifically 451, the novel that illustrate this aspect. In the case of Sethe, one of the major characters, we can observe. Human body , Infant , Maternal bond 1055 Words | 3 Pages. mother could face is the possibility of missing out on an important event in the child’s life. Thesis Statement For Immigration Paper? For example the child’s first steps, child’s first real words, . or the child’s first day of compare and contrast education, school.

One thing no mother wants is having to share the role of motherhood with a stranger. Thesis For Immigration Paper? Most mothers have parents to Dystopian Specifically 451 watch after their baby but some don’t and thesis statement for immigration paper have to take them to a daycare. Most moms have no choice but to put them in a daycare whether they feel comfortable to do it or not. With their child being away. Childcare , Family , Father 1845 Words | 5 Pages. t.v shows do show many of the difficulties teen mothers face. But on the other hand, they sometimes seem to send the room introduction, message that getting pregnant is for the . best.16 and Pregnant is not a completely accurate portrayal of pregnancy and motherhood . In a study teen moms participated and were answered questions. One of the moms said they don't show any of the real struggles that are important. Another participant said the make mother hood look to easy and that they don't show any of the financial. Abortion , Adolescence , Family 1400 Words | 4 Pages.

http://www.thenationalcampaign.org/why-it-matters/wim_teens.aspx Jaskiewicz JA, McAnarney ER. Pregnancy during adolescence. Pediatr Rev.1994;15:32– 38 . Thesis Statement For Immigration? Macvarish, J. (2010) The Effect of ‘Risk-Thinking’ on essay tungkol 2013, the Contemporary Construction of Teenage Motherhood , Health, Risk and Society, Vol.12, No. 4, August 2010, 313-322 Macvarish J. and Billings J. (2010). Challenging the irrational, amoral and anti-social construction of the ‘teenage mother’. In Duncan, S., Edwards, R. and Alexander, C. (Eds.) . Abortion , Adolescence , High school 1095 Words | 4 Pages. English-1301 August 29, 2013 My Thrust into for immigration, Motherhood I have always wondered what kind of mother I would make.

What it . is to be a mom? Something I never planned nor expected. Room 101 Essay Introduction? I am 38 years old and was sure my days to thesis become a mom were dwindling away. Room 101 Essay? November of 2011 changed everything. This is the year my life changed drastically. I met my soul mate and along tow came two beautiful children. Theresa Brice Wheeler, then just a budding 13 year old, is the oldest.

Adolescence , Family , Father 393 Words | 2 Pages. ?Morning Song Questions 1. In your own words, outline what two aspects of motherhood are depicted in the poem. Stanzas 1-3 are purely the . birth of the child and are not emotional and a sense of detachment between the mother and the child is for immigration, evident, whereas the last three are the baby crying in the night and the other helping the baby, these stanzas show the more nurturing and Farenheit 451 happy aspects of motherhood . 2. Thesis Statement? The title of the poem is morning song. What figurative expression does Plath use to. Family , Father , Metaphor 493 Words | 2 Pages. Research suggests that young mothers encounter significantly more challenges but have fewer resources and essay less social support than adult mothers (Passino et . al., 1993). Thesis? Lack of social support may exacerbate other problems typically encountered by adolescent mothers such as role conflict and essays in film restriction, attenuated educational achievement, underemployment, school changes, unstable relationships with the child’s father, difficulties due to thesis dependence on their families, and physical health problems. Abuse , Adolescence , Bipolar disorder 524 Words | 2 Pages.

being a single parent. My mother started young, as some would say. Becoming pregnant at eighteen, a mother by nineteen, and losing her father all at a problem solution, the . Statement For Immigration? same time, she was faced with reality at a very young age. Essay? Taking on the responsibility of motherhood when you yourself are still only a child takes such courage, devotion, and thesis paper hard work; for that I look up to my mother. She sacrificed her teenage years in a problem solution states, an effort to paper make my childhood everything hers was not. Growing up, for my mother, was not.

Adolescence , Family , Father 414 Words | 2 Pages. Working Mothers Perform a Dual Role. Introduction I think that the role of motherhood is not actually one role, rather a mix of many different roles. At times . and in different circumstances we are called upon to essay month tagalog put on different “hats” in order to deal with particular issues. Some of these sub-roles are; teacher, nurse, carer, cook, entertainment officer, cleaner, exercise coach, counselor, career advisor, ward robe lady, relationship adviser, health and safety officer, play leader, motivational coach. . Family , Father , Mom 594 Words | 2 Pages. Teen Mothers Disrupting Social Norms. to college, then get married and then have raise children.

Teen mothers however, disturb this because they do not follow through the steps deemed necessary . by society in order to statement obtain motherhood . A Problem Solution? Social age has nothing to thesis do with actual age. Social age is the Dystopian 451, age someone acts and is treated like. Teen motherhood is often caused by their young social age. Teen’s young social age often affects the way they view sex and sexuality. They think that they are just having fun and don’t really stop to. Adolescence , Child , Childhood 567 Words | 2 Pages. productive way.

Knowing some of the adverse effects of paper, raising a child as a teenage parent may help you avoid making certain mistakes (Boehlke, 2011) In the Literature, Farenheit 451, . social life of paper, early parenthood the one that will be affected most is the teenage mother. Essays In Film? Teen motherhood is commonly believed to cause long-term socioeconomic and public health disadvantages, such as lower birth weights, education, work experience and wages, more persistent poverty and welfare dependency, and higher rates of infant mortality, substance. Adolescence , Mother , Motherhood 620 Words | 2 Pages. Prince-Bythewood an important idea was motherhood . It was the strongest idea in the film and can be described as the linkage of the story. Thesis Statement For Immigration? It . showed you the effects of guilt and the importance of love and home. Lily Owens was the character that most strongly connected to this idea. Visual and oral features such as costume, music, and camera movement help us understand the idea of motherhood throughout the film. The first time the theme of the importance of 101 essay introduction, motherhood was portrayed was in the opening scenes. Family , Father , Mother 500 Words | 2 Pages.

many teen moms to drop out of high school and struggle financially due to their limited options to choose as a career. Teen pregnancy can cause depression, . that can be from feeling fearful and overwhelmed from now going from a teen to now being in motherhood . Becoming teen parent, can affect the teen not going to school. Teens get so overwhelmed that they honestly just quit everything and thesis paper focus on being a mother. In Film Noir? Yes, that is thesis, a good thing that they are there for Dystopian Literature, Specifically Farenheit 451 their child, but you would think. Abortion , Adolescence , High school 755 Words | 2 Pages. Teen pregnancy has been gravelly increased in the last few years. Bad media influences (Many programs at TV programs or sexual content movies as well as . other mediums) can be the factors that teen girls nowadays are getting a wrong advice that teen motherhood can a common way to live.

Partners and friends’s bad influence is thesis for immigration, making them think that is right to tungkol month tagalog have sex at a young age and will make them feel more popular. In that regards, this essay by statement paper Cristina page is restating the issue that more forms. Adolescence , Family , Father 635 Words | 2 Pages. Letter to the Editor on Teen Pregnancy. Matter?” Melissa Kearney and Adam Levine describe the essays in film, sentiments of young girls who live in poverty. “They choose nonmarital motherhood at a . young age instead of investing in their own economic progress because they feel they have little chance of advancement.” (Kearney, Levine, 2012) This statement indicates that coming from a poor living situation leads girls to choose motherhood over education. Another risk Etolin pointed out in her article was the increased risk of statement paper, living in poverty due to teen. Abortion , Adolescence , Family 674 Words | 4 Pages. going on and go into a zone of your own. While laying there waiting to see what happens next there is the sound of the nurses feet constantly coming in and . out your room along with visitors. Once the contractions start to come then the journey to motherhood begins. After dialating to about 7-8 centimeters I then have a choice of getting an epidural. (a drug used to numb your body from waist down).

I had signed up for one but didn’t plan on room, using it. Once the epidural Is given then most or sometimes. Childbirth , Doctor , Family 561 Words | 2 Pages. Motherhood What is motherhood ? Being caring and having patience are the main two components that make a good mother. In the . poems “Daystar by Rita Dove and “To a Daughter Leaving Home” by thesis Linda Pastan both of the mothers are going through different stages of motherhood . In both poems we see the similarities that both poems have and room introduction we also see the thesis, differences. Dove and Pastan show us an sa nutrition month 2013 early stage of mother and a late stage of motherhood . Although they are different stages of motherhood , they. Difference , Family , Father 685 Words | 2 Pages. Page 26 Language of Composition: Patterns of Development Jody Heyman’s essay titled “We Can Afford to Give Parents a Break” is an argument focused on the . Thesis Statement For Immigration? way motherhood is room 101 essay, typically viewed by the government.

Jody’s essay consists of multiple patterns of development including Definition, Exemplification, Comparison and Contrast, Cause and statement paper Effect, and essays Process Analysis. Thesis Statement Paper? The pattern of development that prevails throughout the compare and contrast on online education education, entire essay is Exemplification because Jody’s essay is well written with. Employment compensation , Leave , Meaning of life 440 Words | 2 Pages. WOMEN AND SOCIETY MOTHERHOOD , COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CULTURES Seminar Paper Presented to Mrs Kitty Triest Work done by . Thesis Statement For Immigration? Sarah-Jeanne Dube Mercure Clara Garcia Vidal Manar Ben Massoud Joris Maurelet Maria Zepou The Hague University of Applied Sciences European Studies November 2nd 2012 Table of Contents 1. Laws and a problem programs 2.1. Public programs for maternity and parental leave for women and men 2.2. Public programs for kindergarten 2. Consequences. Family law , Maternity , Mother 2300 Words | 8 Pages. Mother’s Day is an International holiday to for immigration give tribute and honoring the compare and contrast essay on online education vs traditional education, spirit of motherhood is now celebrated in around 40 countries of the . Thesis Statement? world.. The American event of Mother’s Day was thought by Anna Jarvis in 101 essay, 1908 and because of her attempts it became an official American holiday in 1914. Anna Jarvis had originally conceived of Mom’s Day as a day of personal celebration between mothers and families.

Her version of the day involved wearing a white carnation as a badge and visiting one’s mother. Anna Jarvis , Family , Father 635 Words | 2 Pages. Teenage Pregnancy and the Role of thesis paper, Health Professionals. emerged in recent years in response to the policy prioritisation of essays on management information system, teenage pregnancy. First the statement for immigration paper, development of ‘parental tribalism’ whereby differing . parental choices have become a site for identity formation is explored in relation to teenage motherhood . Next we move on to consider the teenage mother as the exemplar of the idea of on management information system, a deficit at the level of parenting and intimate familial relationships. Finally we consider how the focus on teenage mothers has played an important role in shifting. Mother , Motherhood , Parent 6061 Words | 16 Pages. mother, Toni Stewart. My mother started young, as some would say. Becoming pregnant at seventeen, a mother by eighteen, and losing her father all at the . same time, she was faced with reality at a very young age.

Taking on the responsibility of motherhood when you yourself are still only a child takes such courage, devotion, and hard work and for that I look up to my mother. Statement For Immigration Paper? She sacrificed her teenage years in an effort to in film make my childhood everything hers was not. Growing up, for my mother, was. Adolescence , English-language films , Family 510 Words | 2 Pages. magazine called it the Juno Effect. Thesis Statement For Immigration? The term referenced the hit comedy Juno, about a problem solution essay states, a high school girl who's unexpectedly expecting. By depicting the sunny, . even redemptive side of Juno's plight, the magazine argued, Hollywood had perhaps made motherhood attractive for teens.

It's the kind of conclusion that sometimes draws criticism for being hasty. But Jane Brown, a journalism professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, says the Juno effect is real. Brown runs the Teen Media. Adolescence , Childhood , Mother 4577 Words | 17 Pages. of Betty Rollin proposed a question in regards to motherhood . She asked simply yet boldly; who needs it? In her essay, . Motherhood : Who needs It? , she asks the readers to take on a whole new mindset and perspective on thesis, the institution of essays, motherhood . In Rollin’s decade she talked briefly of thesis statement for immigration paper, overpopulation; flashing forward some forty years later the issue has only grown. 101 Essay Introduction? It is time for us to re-visit Rollin’s essay and rethink the idea of “ motherhood ”; as well as, think of the for immigration, possibility of limiting. Demography , Human , Life expectancy 1402 Words | 4 Pages. The Dirty Deeds of Motherhood No woman is essay on online vs traditional, required to build the world by for immigration paper destroying herself.

Rabbi Sofer The famous reporter and feminist . Betty Rollin wrote an Essay for sa nutrition 2013 Look magazine called “ Motherhood Who Needs It?” it reflects on thesis for immigration paper, how motherhood is Dystopian 451, just a myth, and women don’t need to for immigration paper have children it’s a choice. Throughout the essay Rollin explains how a woman needing to have babies is something that is a psychological choice not biological. The author gives data from university studies explaining. Childbirth , Essay , Mean 849 Words | 3 Pages. Early Motherhood Arlisha S. Kerns 4/1/13 COM/172 Instructor: Heidi Willis Early motherhood is solution essay states, not a new topic of . discussion, but it is paper, one that is constantly growing and affecting our young ladies lives daily. The concern of states, trying to find solutions to lower the percentage of young mothers is a world-wide epidemic. Let us take a look at the causes and effects, as well as the statement for immigration paper, negative and positive aspects of and contrast education, early motherhood . In doing this, hopefully some solutions and possible preventions. Adolescence , Childbirth , Family 1304 Words | 4 Pages.

Though many themes and poignant arguments arise in Buchi Emecheta’s Joys of Motherhood , the most bold of these is the impact of colonial rule . on traditional African society and statement for immigration its ambiguous affects thereafter. These themes specifically come about in essays on management, the text as the clash between colonialists and Africans and how colonial occupation comes to alter the natural development of African cities and villages. It becomes obvious that the influences of colonial presence in Africa are and will continue to. Africa , British Army , British Empire 1477 Words | 4 Pages. Surrogate Motherhood : Good or Bad? There are many controversies surrounding the idea of surrogate motherhood , by its . Thesis Paper? definition, it is a course of action that goes outside natural reproduction. Although surrogacy was first brought up in the bible it is essays in film, only until recently that it has actually become an thesis statement for immigration issue for criticism and debate.

Factors such as the growth of infertility in modern society, coupled with the declining number of children available for tagalog adoption, and the development of . Artificial insemination , Assisted reproductive technology , Family 911 Words | 3 Pages. parents however the child can have in essence three mothers, or two fathers: a genetic mother or father who donated the egg or sperm, a surrogate mother who . carried and statement for immigration developed the essay sa nutrition 2013 tagalog, child, and a mother or father who raises the child. Surrogate motherhood often requires legal involvement because of the complexity of the question of statement for immigration paper, who the essays on management, “real” parents are. Before being carried out, a contract must be agreed upon to establish who the legal parents are, the paper, amount of money to be paid to the surrogate. Artificial insemination , Family , Father 940 Words | 3 Pages.

?Explain why motherhood is difficult to define using one of the three perspectives from the module i.e. Sa Nutrition Tagalog? history or ideology or policy: The . following essay is going to discuss why motherhood is difficult to define from an ideology perspective. It will discuss motherhood in general and for immigration what surrounds motherhood and why it is essay sa nutrition month tagalog, difficult to define from an ideology perspective and also explain what ideology means. The essay will also discuss motherhood and how mothers can be mothers other than through. Family , Father , Gender role 2020 Words | 5 Pages. Motherhood Issue’s In researching material on single mothers and teen mothers, the statement paper, true problems with single mother households, and the . problems, I found a few pleasing issues in the resources I collected which are worth mention.

The first is the general statistics of sexual activity and early pregnancy. Essay Tungkol Month 2013? The second deals with the contrary views of the effects of single mother families on the children. The third deals with the financial issues of normal poorness amongst single mothers, and the. Adolescence , Childhood , Family 1053 Words | 3 Pages. A relationship in which one woman bears and gives birth to a child for a person or a couple who then adopts or takes legal custody of the statement paper, child; also called . mothering by proxy. In surrogate motherhood , one woman acts as a surrogate, or replacement, mother for another woman, sometimes called the intended mother, who either cannot produce fertile eggs or cannot carry a pregnancy through to birth, or term. Surrogate mothering can be accomplished in and contrast education vs traditional, a number of ways. Most often, the husband's sperm. A.G.R. v. Thesis For Immigration? D.R.H S.H. , Artificial insemination , Baby M 2128 Words | 6 Pages. violating women to destroy the lives growing inside them. An abortion will always be abortion, and it will never be safe for the pre-born child (“Abortion . Regulation”).

These activists as well believe abortion was sold as liberating women from forced motherhood . Solution Essay States? On the other hand, others such as mothers, are against these statements and pro-abortion. Mothers believe that the abortion right is discussed as a negative liberty, a right of privacy, a right to be let alone (Yale). The abortion right is also. Abortion , Abortion debate , Abortion law 2009 Words | 6 Pages. The Impact of Young Motherhood Life throws a curve ball. For Immigration Paper? Is it an obligation to essays on management information tackle it or duck and ignore it? I learned at statement, an early . age that being a young mother was not just a job but a chance to become a responsible young adult. Being a mother at a young age has its perks and its downfalls. Already being a statistic as a young mother before marriage, women are expected to fail by in film noir the majority of society. Some people think a baby is a burden on a young person's life, but I believe a. Childbirth , Family , Full-time 1195 Words | 3 Pages.

Motherhood: Who needs it? An Evaluation. While motherhood is not the stereotypical home making occupation that it was in the 1970's, it is still one of the most important roles women . play in this country. In Motherhood : Who Needs It? Betty Rollin openly expresses her negative opinion of motherhood . Thesis Statement For Immigration? Throughout the essay Rollin elaborates on many reasons why motherhood is overrated in America. Essays Noir? Rollin says that, The notion that the maternal wish and the activity of mothering are instinctive or biologically predestined is statement for immigration paper, baloney. She first. Birth control , Condom , Feminism 1283 Words | 4 Pages.

Professor Steven Peacock English 1000 29 November 2010 The Joy of Motherhood The moment the child is born, the and contrast essay on online education vs traditional, mother is also born. She . never truly existed before, even though she has been carrying the child for nine months. Thesis For Immigration Paper? The woman existed, this is Dystopian Specifically Farenheit 451, certain, but the mother was an unknown character. A mother is statement for immigration, something new, along with the new life she holds in her arms. The mother must learn to do just this, mother. Some mothers are kissing mothers and some are scolding mothers, but it is.

Family , Girl , Love 1108 Words | 3 Pages. seen at in film noir, her mother’s death. Nel and Sula, much like many people in the world, are defined by their mothers. Any attempt they made throughout the novel to . push themselves further from what their mothers were proved futile. Helene’s over-bearing motherhood and incredible need for order resulted in Nel acting out slightly in for immigration, adolescence but eventually becoming as stable and constant and respectable as her mother. Hannah’s lack of attention towards Sula and constant promiscuity led to a problem states Sula acting in.

Emotion , Family , Grandparent 1346 Words | 4 Pages. How Not to for immigration Criticize Contract Motherhood. In her essay, The Strange Case of Baby-M, Katha Pollitt offers a number of criticisms of commercial surrogate motherhood . And Contrast Essay Education? In commercial . surrogate motherhood , women agree in exchange for a fee to be impregnated, to carry the fetus that results to thesis statement for immigration term, and a problem then to surrender their rights to the child. Statement Paper? Although Pollitt believes that such arrangements ought to be illegal for the same reasons that paid adoption (baby-selling) and prostitution are illegal, she also argues that even if they were legal. Common law , Contract , Law 1101 Words | 4 Pages. Subversion of room 101 essay, Motherhood and Womanhood in Plath. Drawing on your understanding of the poem as well as the thesis for immigration, critical perspectives that you have gathered regarding Plath’s work, to what extent does Plath use . poetic language to subvert the stereotypical image of womanhood and motherhood in her poems “Morning Song” and “The Applicant” ------------------------------------------------- The poetry of Sylvia Plath reflects the entrapment of tungkol month 2013 tagalog, women in for immigration paper, stereotypical gender roles that was the norm in the 1950s and a problem 1960s. As a poet, Plath explores what it. Family , Gender , Gender role 848 Words | 3 Pages. Nowocin English 1100 October 2014 “ Motherhood : Who Needs It?” Reader Response Asking who needs motherhood is a bit of an . Thesis Statement Paper? understatement, in my opinion. Instead we should go deeper into room, it.

What needs motherhood and why? Is it people, males, females, society or the planet as a whole? In the thesis paper, essay “ Motherhood : Who Needs It?” written by Betty Rollin in 1970, I find so many unanswered questions and issues and my goal now is to on management find the thesis, answers to them. What is motherhood ? Why exactly do, or don’t, we. Adolescence , Essay , Evidence 1107 Words | 4 Pages. Motherhood: Pregnancy and Little Boy. ? Motherhood I always knew I wanted to be a mother. It was a natural feeling for me. I always knew I wanted to love, nurture, teach, protect, . and respect my child. Naturally, my “plan” for my journey to essays information system motherhood would have been a little different than God’s plan for thesis for immigration paper me, but during the last four years of being Chase’s mom, I believe that God knew best.

The evening of 11 July 2010 was the moment that I found out room I was about to begin my amazing journey and statement for immigration new chapter in my life. I always had this. 2006 albums , Childbirth , English-language films 1030 Words | 3 Pages. Surrogate Motherhood: Alternative or Dilemma? Surrogate Motherhood : Alternative or Dilemma?

Surrogate Motherhood : Alternative or Dilemma? Conceiving a child can be a . rewarding and fulfilling process for Dystopian Specifically Farenheit most couples, but for others, it can be arduous and frustrating. After a couple attempts to conceive a child the thesis statement, natural way for a problem states over a year and is not able to, usually the next step to follow is to thesis for immigration consider non-natural methods that facilitate this process most of the time. The two most common ones are in-vitro fertilization and artificial. Artificial insemination , Assisted reproductive technology , Egg donation 1725 Words | 5 Pages. ? “The Joy of Motherhood ” “Metaphors” a poem by Sylvia Plath June 10, 2013 Eng. 121 What is in a poem? At . first glance a poem seems to be just a whole bunch of words written down on a piece of a problem essay states, paper. But after further review of the poem one will find that there is so much meaning behind the words thrown down on that sheet of paper.

In the poem “Metaphors” by Sylvia Plath it is shown that there are hidden meanings behind the words that she chose to use the poem. Apple , Childbirth , Gestation 1205 Words | 4 Pages. Should Surrogate Motherhood Be Allowed? Surrogate Motherhood is when one women carries to term the thesis statement paper, fertilized egg of another woman. This procedure is chosen by married couples who . can not conceive a child in the natural way. Literature, Specifically Farenheit 451? In some occasions the mother may be able to produce an thesis paper egg, but has no womb or some other physical problem which prevents her from carrying a child. Whether or not the husband can produce a large amount of sperm is not a problem. Once the egg and sperm are combined in essays noir, a petri dish fertilization is very likely. Artificial insemination , Contract , Egg donation 1019 Words | 4 Pages. Womanhood: Factory and Republican Motherhood. changed economically, socially, and into the adoption of thesis for immigration, republican motherhood and compare education cult of domesticity.

During the time of the Revolutionary . Statement? War, society regarded women as the Literature, Specifically Farenheit 451, teachers of the thesis statement paper, sons of liberty which resulted in a higher status for women; their new importance led to the cult of domesticity in which women began taking more opportunities and Dystopian Literature, a new attitude towards life (True Womanhood). Thesis Paper? Both republican motherhood and cult of domesticity would not be achieved without a struggle through. American Civil War , Factory , Female 1174 Words | 4 Pages. Single Motherhood and Teen Pregnancy. Single Motherhood and Teen Pregnancy In researching material on single mothers and teen mothers, the 101 essay introduction, factual problems with single mother . households, and the stereotypical problems, I found a few interesting issues in the resources I collected which are worth mention. The first is the general statistics of sexual activity and statement for immigration early pregnancy. The second deals with the room introduction, conflicting views of the effects of single mother families on the children. The third deals with the financial issues of prevalent.

Family , Father , Human sexual behavior 767 Words | 3 Pages. Republican Motherhood and paper the Cult of Domesticity in a problem solution essay states, America. these promises of social and economic improvement ? women. After the American Revolution, “republican motherhood ,” the thesis, idea that women were . responsible for guarding the nation’s values and passing them on to the country’s youth, had taken hold in in film, American society. The “cult of domesticity” developed to relegate women to their specific sphere of influence, in the home. While “republican motherhood ” and the “cult of domesticity” were embraced by thesis for immigration paper most people as the ideal of essay on online education vs traditional education, American womanhood, these. Abolitionism , Black people , Middle class 906 Words | 3 Pages. From the Motherhood to a Psychological Disorder. From the thesis for immigration, motherhood to a psychological disorder Truc Huynh Houston Community College Summer 2010 Abstract: Credit to the story about . A Problem Solution Essay? family issues and Adele’s motherhood which goes over thesis statement paper, the unconscious psychological disorder in the movie “Anywhere but here” (1999), the paper is the first overview discussing the personality disorder- definition, diagnosis criteria, cause, classification and treatment. A closer sight is exhibited in details on three specific categorizes of essay on online education education, personality disorder.

Abnormal psychology , Antisocial personality disorder , Borderline personality disorder 1664 Words | 5 Pages. The Loss and Rebirth of Motherhood —the Interpretation of Sethe’s Motherhood in Beloved (Toni Morrison) The Loss and Rebirth of Motherhood —The Interpretation of Sethe’s Motherhood in Beloved (Toni Morrison) Beloved, written . by Toni Morrison, plays an thesis statement for immigration paper important role in essays, the history of American literature. For Immigration Paper? This book discusses the Literature,, main character Sethe, who does an understandable action but makes people hard to accept it in that social community. She loses motherhood and statement for immigration herself; however, under the help from black compatriots, she gets out from the haze in on online, her heart, regains her life and finds the. African people , Beloved , Black people 1644 Words | 4 Pages. THE CHANGING PARADIGMS OF THE LOVE LAWS The Joys of Motherhood , by Buchi Emecheta, describes the hardships of life in West-Africa from the . perspective of Nnu Ego. Paper? The novel reveals the byproducts of room 101 essay, development and colonialism in West-Africa; byproducts that affect society’s hierarchy of gender and subservience. Through the Englishman’s intervention in West-Africa, the economic well-being of families is statement, greatly restored.

However, this supposed positive change also casts many negative circumstances. Economy , Gender , Gender role 1546 Words | 4 Pages.

alu password resume RACF (part of OS/390 Security Server) is a trademark of IBM. This newsletter is thesis, not affiliated with IBM in any way. Computer Security Policy Sharing Library Continues. A Problem States! Terry Shoback of Alliance Capital has volunteered again to manage the library of real life policies. She will make copies available to anyone who asks her. Statement Paper! You are of essay sa nutrition tagalog, course invited to share your company's policy with the statement, library by sending her a copy. Information! See how to contact her on page 8. New Phone for Tampa RUG.

Jim Cuddy still runs the Tampa RACF Users Group. His new number is: (800) 237-0738x34233. Win a Henderson Group Golf Shirt. This issue's contest is to see who has the most of the JES-related RACF classes active and in actual use. The winner will be the person who sends us the first SETR LIST printout with the most classes active from the following list. We will trust that no one will submit an entry describing active classes which aren't actually being used. Thesis For Immigration! The list of eligible classes is: JESSPOOL, JESINPUT, JESJOBS, NODES, WRITER, and SURROGAT.

NEW YORK RUG Meeting Dates. On Wednesdays, from 1 to 5 PM: on January 13, 1999, and then April 14, 1999. Mark your calendars now. See inside for details. BALTIMORE/WASHINGTON RUG Meeting Dates. On Thurdays, from 9AM to Noon: No meeting in room introduction January, and then April 15, 1999. Mark your calendars now. See inside for details. A Change in for immigration paper RACFVARS with RACF 2.6. George Fogg of Seattle passes on this tip through the RACF List Server: The RACFVARS class should NOT have generics turned on.

In RACF 2.6, if you try to essay sa nutrition 2013, create a new RACFVARS rule when generics is active for RACFVARS, you will get message ICH51003I NAME NOT FOUND IN RACF DATASET and message ICH10301I . Thesis Statement Paper! AND REMAINING ENTITIES NOT DEFINED TO RACF. The new rule will not be created. What should you do? Issue: SETR NOGENERIC(RACFVARS) NOGENCMD(RACFVARS) LIST. Then update your written standard of how you want each of room 101 essay, your SETR options set to reflect the change.

You can do this now, before you get to statement paper, RACF 2.6. Thanks, George. Dystopian Literature, Specifically 451! New Way to Let Your Helpdesk Reset Passwords Without Group Special. RACF release 2.6 gives us a new way to thesis for immigration, delegate the authority to reset passwords, without giving away the SPECIAL or Group-Special privileges. It makes use of a new FACILITY class rule named: IRR.PASSWORD.RESET. Users who are permitted to this rule with READ permission can reset passwords for all userids EXCEPT userids which have SPECIAL, OPERATIONS, or AUDITOR. This is a great way to let your Helpdesk reset passwords, without letting them fool around with passwords of essay sa nutrition tagalog, RACF administrators and auditors. Here are the commands: RDEF FACILITY IRR.PASSWORD.RESET UACC(NONE) OWNER(OWNERGRP). PE IRR.PASSWORD.RESET CLASS(FACILITY) ACC(READ) ID(HELPDESK) + RESET. (Note that the reset is to be used only on the first PERMIT command to this rule, since it clears the for immigration paper, entire permit list of the rule before adding the new entry. This is to clear out the 101 essay introduction, entry that permits the userid which created the rule to have ALTER access to it. You don't need this if you have specified SETR NOADDCREATOR.) New Operand for ALTUSER to Specify That A Userid's Password Doesn't Need to Be Changed at the Next Logon.

RACF release 2.6 lets you specify: ALU userid NOEXPIRED PASSWORD(password) so that the next time the statement for immigration, user logs on, he or she doesn't have to change the essay on online education, password. Statement For Immigration Paper! (The opposite of NOEXPIRED is essays, of course EXPIRED.) This is useful for userids which don't represent current users, for example userids predefined for CICS terminals, RJE and NJE userids, and for immigration paper, userids which have just been converted from room, ACF2 or TopSecret. Note that NOEXPIRED is different from NOINTERVAL. NOINTERVAL says that the userid doesn't have to have its password changed every so many days. NOEXPIRED says that the user can logon without changing the password, even though someone else has reset the password. You can use the FACILITY class rule described next to permit someone to use the NOEXPIRED operand without giving him or her SPECIAL or Group SPECIAL. New Way to Let Your Helpdesk LISTUSER and ALU NOEXPIRED. Again as of thesis statement paper, RACF release 2.6, you can delegate these abilities by tungkol month 2013, permitting someone to a FACILITY class rule named: IRR.LISTUSER. A user or group with READ or higher permission to this rule can issue the LISTUSER command for all userids EXCEPT those userids with SPECIAL, OPERATIONS, or AUDITOR. Thesis Statement For Immigration Paper! A user with UPDATE or higher permission to essays, this rule can issue ALTUSER .. NOEXPIRED for any userid EXCEPT those with SPECIAL, OPERATIONS, or AUDITOR.

Here are the RACF commands to let the Helpdesk issue LU and ALU. NOEXPIRED for any userid without SPECIAL, OPERATIONS, or AUDITOR, and to let a userid GEORGE list any such userid: RDEF FACILITY IRR.LISTUSER UACC(NONE) OWNER(OWNERGRP). For Immigration! PE IRR.LISTUSER CLASS(FACILITY) ACC(UPDATE) ID(HELPDESK) + PE IRR.LISTUSER CLASS(FACILITY) ACC(READ) ID(GEORGE) (Note that the RESET is to be used only on the first PERMIT command to in film, this rule, since it clears the entire permit list of the rule before adding the new entry. This is to clear out the entry that permits the userid which created the rule to have ALTER access to it. You don't need this if you have specified SETR NOADDCREATOR.) A Tip on How to statement paper, Handle Lower Case Characters for the OMVS Segment. Essay Tungkol Month 2013! Roy McCollough passes this one on through the RACF list server: If you need to for immigration, enter lower case characters in RACF commands (for example, to specify info for the OMVS segment), you can put single quotes around the data. The single quotes tell TSO not to translate the solution, characters to statement for immigration paper, upper case.

For example: 'keep this in lower case'. (To include a single quote in the information, enter three single quotes. Information! For example: 'don'''t make this upper case'. Statement Paper! Check your TSO guides for a problem essay more info. Thanks, Roy. ITSS Adds Features to RACF Password Cracker Program. Thesis! For a few years now, Kurt Meiser and the other crack consultants at ITSS have given us a wonderful, free tool: their RACF password cracker program. This program let us see how many of the passwords in our installations were easily guessable. Using this program let us evaluate the quality of passwords in our shop.

It also helped us to build a case to Dystopian Literature, Specifically, our management on paper the need for essays information a training program to thesis paper, teach users how to make passwords easy to remember, but difficult to guess. Auditors have found this a wonderful tool for generating easy audit findings. (Talk about a tool you should run yourself before the auditors do it to you!) This program was well designed to introduction, prevent abuse by unauthorized users. ITSS is thesis for immigration paper, about to upgrade this tool, adding these features: Removal of the restriction of a maximum of 1,000 dictionary elements Selectivity of execution, for example, privileged userids, specific groups Additional report fields and a summary report An exhaustive guessing mechanism (brute force approach) Unhashing of hashed passwords if found Retrieval of clear text passwords from the TSB if found. The new version of the cracker program should be available 1Q1999. (We understand that it will be Y2K compliant.) It will no longer be free, but ITSS deserves to make a profit after giving us this free gift for so long. See Permanently Interesting Products later in room 101 essay introduction this issue to contact ITSS. More Re-Structuring of RACF Software Industry. In addition to the industry changes described last issue, we have learned that ASPG has a new release of ERG, Easy RACF Query (which used to be called Essential Software Products). ASPG is also developing a multi-platform security administration and reporting tool. ASPG also has an agreement in place to continue supporting all current RA/2 customers for the next couple of years. See Permanently Interesting Products for paper contact info.

See also other products under Interesting Product below. Fifteen Minute Project to Improve Your RACF Ask your JES system programmer for a list of all the room, NJE and RJE connections into your computer, and the physical location of thesis for immigration paper, each. Each of these represents a path into your system through which four things can enter: batch jobs to be executed, operator commands, printouts to be printed, and punched decks to be punched. Conduct your own risk assessment (for example, would we have a problem if someone at another site submitted a batch job or an operator command to execute on our system? What do we have to protect against it (for example BATCHALLRACF)? How much can we trust the other site? Is it connected by and contrast essay vs traditional education, a leased or dial-up line?) Where needed, use resource classes such as those described in the Golf Shirt contest described on page 1, and consider using FACILITY class rules to force the sites to for immigration paper, log on through RACF. Essays! Questions and Answers. Q I want to thesis statement paper, find out all the dataset rules to which USER02 has any permissions at education vs traditional education all. How can I do this in RACF?

A This is easy. Use the for immigration paper, SEARCH command: SR USER(USER02) NOMASK CLASS(DATASET) (Yes, we know that the default for in film noir CLASS is DATASET, but we show it here, so that readers will be ready for the next question, which we have invented, just to make a point.) Please note that this command could affect system performance, since it results in a call to RACF for every dataset rule in thesis for immigration paper the RACF database. Q I want to in film, find out all the FACILITY class rules to thesis statement paper, which USER02 has any permissions at all. How can I do this in RACF? A This is easy. Literature,! Use the SEARCH command: SR USER(USER02) NOMASK CLASS(FACILITY) Q I want to find out the dataset rules to which USER02 has any permissions at thesis paper all. However I only want to do this for dataset rules whose names start PROD.PAY and which contain the characters JANFEB anywhere else in the name. Don't I need to put quote marks around the the PROD.PAYROLL, since in contains a period? By the way, I only Specifically 451, want to list the statement for immigration paper, names of such dataset rules if they have WARNING turned on. A This is easy; and you must NOT put quote marks there. Use the room, SEARCH command: P SR USER(USER02) MASK(PROD.PAY JANFEB) WARNING.

NYRUG (New York RACF Users Group) and BWRUG (Baltimore/ Washington RUG) NEWS. NYRUG: At Our Next Meeting. Mark Nelson of IBM will speak on a topic which will be something like Secrets of the paper, RACF Wizards: or How to Take Advantage of in film, Under-Used and Under-Appreciated RACF Facilities to Make Your Life as an Administrator Easier. If you want to learn tricks with the SEARCH command, and other ways to be cleverly lazy, then don't miss this goldmine of little known secret techniques. If time permits, Stu Henderson may describe how to prepare to use the Mainframe Firewall tool, a follow-on to his recent What Mainframers Need to Know and Do About TCP/IP. As always, we will have a question and answer session with some of the keenest RACF minds in the State to answer questions. Time: Wednesday, January 13, 1999 from 1PM until it's too late to go back to the office. Thesis Statement Paper! Place: Bank of New York, 101 Barclay St (one block North of the World Trade Center), 10th Floor East Auditorium (Please check in with guards at lobby desk to get a pass.) BWRUG (Baltimore/Washington RUG): The BWRUG will not meet this quarter. Please mark your calenders for April 15, 1999. We expect to essays on management information, have a presentation then on statement paper the new features of the introduction, latest release of thesis statement, RACF. Interesting Products Column.

We have not evaluated these, but think every RACF shop should know about tungkol month, them. MegaSolve Security Server Administrator provides these functions: super generic searches, CICS and TSO direct administration functions to support decentralization (for example to let a CICS user reset passwords), an access simulator, extensive resource monitor, customizable reports and command generation, and a fully automated scheduler. Statement Paper! The vendor states that SSA has numerous features not found in competing products. Essays! The SSA product has modular pricing to let you buy just what you need and want. For Immigration Paper! For info, call toll-free (888) 798-4388. RtoR (Rexx to RACF) is a system programmers' toolkit loaded with frequently requested solutions.

RtoR lets you make quick work of specialized programming tasks which otherwise would need to be done in assembler language. RtoR can eliminate the need to Dystopian 451, code your own ICHEINTY macros. It also provides many TSO/ISF command extensions and displays. For Immigration! RtoR provides built-in levels of authority (scoping), limiting capabilities for example to a given department. For info, call Rosalie Eckhaus at (407) 788- 6389. Permanently Interesting Products Column. We have not evaluated these, but think every RACF shop should know about essays noir, them. For Immigration! ASPG's ERG (Easy RACF Query). Call Cathy Thompson at (800) 662-6090 or cathyt@aspg.com for more info.

MegaSolve's Security Server Administrator. Phone Bill Tomlinson at (818) 887-4994 for more info. A Problem Solution! CONSUL/RACF Call Brent Phillips at (800) 323-0880 for information. On the Internet: http://www.consul.com RACF Password Cracker Program, no longer free, but with more features than the free version (see related article earlier in statement for immigration paper this issue). Email Kurt Meiser at kmeiser@ibm.net or mail request to ITSS, 11 Phillips Road, Poughkeepsie, NY 12603 USA. RA/2. Call Mario Labita at Software Engineering of America at (516) 328-7000. ICU MVS Penetration Analysis Tool from Janus Associates.

Phone Rick Peterson at (301) 605-0507 for essays system more info. RtoR from Open Software Technologies. Call Rosalie Eckhaus at paper (407) 788-6389 or http://www.open-softech.com/rtor.htm for on management system info. TOOLKIT. Call Palace Guard Software (562) 491-4600 for more info.

Beta System's software for statement for immigration paper RACF administration. Call (800) 777-9864 for more info. Vanguard's Administrator and in film noir, Sysdata' RIOVISION. Call (714) 939-0377 for more info. SecurePass from statement for immigration paper, Proginet to link RACF with Windows NT security.

Call (516) 248-3366 for more info. In Film Noir! HG RACF and for immigration, Security Training 1998 Schedule: The Henderson Group offers its RACF and computer security/audit seminars around the country and on-site too. See the details below or call (301) 229-7187 for a free seminar catalog. RACF User Services (Key Phone Numbers / Addresses) Technical support hotline, Meetings, Free Newsletter subscription, Seminar Catalogs: Stu Henderson - (301) 229-7187 5702 Newington Rd, Bethesda, MD 20816 NYRUG Computer Security Policy Sharing Libary. States! Ms. Thesis! Terry Shoback of Alliance Capital, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105, phone (212) 969-6461. (Call to get copies of other companies' policies for your review. Contribute your own company's policy for compare and contrast essay on online education others to statement for immigration, share.) RACF List Server on the Internet. To join, send E-mail to the administrator for the server. (Don't send it to the server itself or your request will be routed to every subscriber.) For example, if your name is John Smith and you want to subscribe, then send this E-mail: subscribe racf-l john smith. to the address: LISTSERV@uga.cc.uga.edu or LISTSERV@UGA.BITNET.

The reply will include directions on how to get info such as a list of all subscribers, an index to previous comments, and a command summary.

essay on birds nest Avian Reproduction: Nests. Birds use nests to statement protect eggs and nestlings from predators and adverse weather. To minimize predation, birds may use or build nests that are inaccessible, hidden, or camouflaged. Nests may also help keep eggs and nestlings warm.

and even the late Triassic. This indicates that the even the earliest birds built nests to protect their eggs and essays information young (From: Chiappe 2009). The position of vegetation (curved black bars) around Horned Lark nests relative to the direction of prevailing winds. The dashed circle represents the outline of thesis for immigration paper, a nest. Each individual curved black bar represents the vegetation around one nest. Each solid circle represents one entrance orientation. Compare Education Vs Traditional? The dashed line designates the mean entrance orientation angle of 345 for all nests (n = 10; Hartman and Oring 2003). Types of nests: Scrape nests are simple depressions in the ground (sometimes with a few stones added) or in thesis statement for immigration the leaf litter. Such nests are used by essay tungkol sa nutrition some penguins, shorebirds, gulls, terns, nighthawks, vultures (e.g., Black Vulture nest below), and other species.

Blacksmith Plover nest. Pectoral Sandpipers nest on the arctic tundra, often near water. The nest is lined with grass, moss and lichens. Typical clutch size is 4 eggs. Burrow nests are very effective at protecting eggs and statement for immigration paper young from predators maintaining an appropriate microclimate for eggs young. And Contrast Essay On Online Education Education? Some birds, like Bank Swallows and Belted Kingfishers (pictured below), usually construct their own burrows, while others, such as Burrowing Owls, may use burrows contructed by thesis paper other species.

Excavation of 30 tunnels. Three of the five coalescing groups led to 101 essay introduction double-length nest chambers with two grass-mat nests. Vertical separations (e.g., 8 cm between tunnels 8 and 9) indicate where neighboring tunnels crossed w/out coalescing. Area A = 4.26 sq. m determined by visual framing of thesis statement for immigration paper, a too. regularly spaced burrows of a bank swallow colony. A' = 7.37 sq. m is the area on room introduction, which 27 (solid circle) burrows leading to a nest would have to be distributed. to equate their observed average nearest neighbor distance. r to its random expectation E[r].

Open circles represent. 6 tunnels not leading to a nest (not included in. Mites and paper birds -- At least 2500 species of mites from 40 families are closely associated with birds, occupying all conceivable habitats in 451 the nests and on the bodies of their hosts. No avian taxon is free from a mite associate because even those that lack feather mites, such as penguins, are attacked by ticks. Statement Paper? Bird mites can be divided into essay, those that dwell primarily in, or near, the nest and those that reside mainly on thesis statement, the body of the a problem essay states host. The best studied nest-dwelling mites are blood feeders from the genera Dermanyssus and Ornithonyssus (shown here is a micrograph of thesis for immigration, a female Ornithonyssus bursa , a common nest parasite of passerines. Sa Nutrition Tagalog? Scale bar = 100 μm. Micrograph from Dave Walter, University of Queensland) . Thesis Statement For Immigration? Depending on the species involved, adults of a problem essay states, these blood feeders live in the nest or on thesis statement for immigration, the hosts, but nymphal stages are primarily nestbound and only visit hosts when they need to Dystopian Literature, Farenheit 451 feed. These mites have short generation times and can rapidly build-up huge populations. For example, half a million northern fowl mites have been extracted from a single nest. Ticks can also be temporary nest parasites.

Soft ticks visit the host at thesis statement paper night, feed for a few minutes and then retreat to a refuge in, or near, the nest. Hard ticks tend not to be so nestbound and will attack birds as they brush against vegetation during foraging or resting. However, not all nest mites are parasitic. A Problem Solution Essay? Relatives of human-associated ‘dust mites’ feed on the dermal detritus that sifts down into the nest material. For Immigration Paper? Other nest dwelling mites prey on blood-sucking mites, and compare vs traditional education thus might act as mutualists.

Blood-feeding nest mites can reduce the reproductive success of their hosts by slowing development or even killing chicks. For example, recent experimental work has shown that high densities of nest mites are associated with low hematocrit and small body size in Pied Flycatchers ( Ficedula hypoleuca ), and low hatching success and postfledging survival in Rock Pigeons ( Columba livia ) and Barn Swallows ( Hirundo rustica ). By contrast, however, Darolová et al. (1997) observed a positive association between the percentage of Penduline Tit ( Remiz pendulinus ) nestlings that survived to fledging and the number of hematophagous mites in the nest. The authors suggest that nestling health determines mite load rather than vice versa. Other researchers have found no relationship between nestparasite density and nesting success. Merino and Potti (1996) suggested that variable effects of nest parasites are, in part, a result of stochastic climatic factors, such as temperature and rainfall. More work is required to establish why the effects of nest mites on statement for immigration, host reproductive success are so variable across studies. -- Proctor and essays information system Owens (2000). Cavity nests (e.g., in trees or cacti) are used by numerous passerines, woodpeckers, owls, parrots, and some waterfowl. Thesis Statement? Some birds, such as woodpeckers (like the Gila Woodpecker below), construct their own cavity nests and are referred to as primary cavity nesters.

Species that use natural cavities or cavities constructed by primary cavity nesters are called secondary cavity nesters. Pileated Woodpecker nest cavity. Platform nests are relatively flat nests that may be located on the ground, in Dystopian 451 a tree, or on the tops of rooted vegetation or or debris in shallow water (like the Western Grebe nest below). Common Buzzard ( Buteo buteo ) nest. Bird nests vary from thesis, a simple accumulation of materials on the ground to sa nutrition month 2013 tagalog elaborate refuges in or on secluded elevated substrates. Dial (2003) observed that nest construction and placement are correlated with other features such as flight ability.

For example, basal avian taxa (ratites many Galliformes) create a simple depression in the ground to harbor their incubating eggs, like those of nonavian dinosaurs. The progression of nest complexity moves from cryptic ground nests of some galliforms to simple elevated nests (e.g., Columbiformes, Cuculiformes, Ciconiiformes). Taxa that construct elevated nests in a bush or tree or on a cliff or rock ledge tend to be better fliers than simple ground nesters.Young raised in elevated cavity nests, including primary (Psittaciformes, Piciformes, Coraciformes) and secondary (many Passeriformes) cavity nesters, have a robust forelimb flight apparatus, and less hindlimb mass, which is consistent with increasing flight capacity. As nest placement (e.g. invisibility, inaccessibility), construction (e.g. impregnability, camouflage), and attendance (e.g. feeding, protection, incubation) increase in complexity, a concomitant enhancement of flight styles is paper observed, including maneuverability and essay tungkol 2013 acceleration. The most complex nests are associated with some Passeriformes, particularly swallows, oropendolas, and weaver finches. Weaver finches (Ploceidae, Passeridae) and oropendolas (Icteridae) build intricately woven chambered, pendant nests hung from the resilient thin branches of bushes and trees in predator-rich environments. Perhaps the most predator-proof nests are those of swallows (Hirundinidae) and swifts (Apodidae) that often construct mud encasements secured to the most remote overhanging feature within their habitat (e.g. cliffs and human-made structures) (Dial 2003). Cupped nests are, of course, cup-shaped. Such nests may be constructed of various materials and in a variety of locations. Pettingill (1985) categorized cup nests as follows: statant cupped nests - nests located in the crotches and statement for immigration paper branches of essays in film, trees and shrubs and supported mainly from below.

Many passerines and hummingbirds build such nests (check this short video). Rufous-tailed Hummingbird (Costa Rica) Nest surface area and nest predation rates for 36 altricial bird species studied in tropical Venezuela. and temperate Arizona. Statement Paper? Nest predation increased with nest surface area at both field sites. Nest size and nest predation -- Latitudinal variation in clutch sizes of essays information, birds is a well described, but poorly understood pattern. Statement? Many hypotheses have been proposed, but few have been experimentally tested, and none have been universally accepted by researchers. The nest size hypothesis posits that higher nest predation in the tropics favours selection for smaller nests and thereby constrains clutch size by shrinking available space for eggs and/or nestlings in the nest. Information? Biancucci and thesis statement Martin (2010) tested this hypothesis with an experiment in a tropical forest and a comparative study between temperate and tropical field sites and, specifically, tested if: (i) predation rates increased with nest size, (ii) tropical birds had smaller nests controlled for room, body size, and (iii) clutch size was explained by nest size controlled for body size. Experimental swapping of nests of different sizes showed that nest predation increased with nest size in the tropical site. Moreover, nest predation rates were higher in statement for immigration paper species with larger nests at both sites.

However, nest size, corrected for body mass and phylogeny, did not differ between sites and was not related to clutch size between sites. Hence, nest predation can exert selection on compare and contrast essay vs traditional education, nest size as predicted by statement paper the hypothesis. Nest size increased with adult body mass, such that adult size might indirectly influence reproductive success through effects on essays, nest size and nest predation risk. Ultimately, however, selection from nest predation on nest size does not explain the smaller clutch sizes typical of the tropics. suspended cupped nests - nests not supported from below but from the rims, sides, or both: pensile - nests suspended from the rims and sides; rather stiff, e.g., those of kinglets and vireos (like the Black-capped Vireo pictured below) White-eyed Vireo nest pendulous - nests suspended from the rims and sides; rather flexible and deep, like those of orioles.

Baya Weavers ( Ploceus phillipinus ) nest in colonies of up to 20-30 pairs, usually in thesis paper trees near freshwater and open ground. Their nests hang from a branch and look like an essays noir upside-down flask. A long tube leads to statement for immigration a side entrance, making. it difficult even for essay month, snakes to thesis for immigration paper enter the nest. Nests are made entirely out of Specifically Farenheit, strips of grass that the birds collect by cutting. a notch in some tall grass, then stripping off a 30-60 cm long piece. A newly-made nest is green with fresh grass and thesis turns.

brown as the grass dries. A bird may make up to 500 trips to complete a nest. adherent nests - cupped nests whose sides are attached by an adhesive substance (e.g., mud or saliva) to a vertical surface, like those of swifts and some swallows (see Barn Swallow nest below) Chimney Swift using saliva as glue to help support its nest. Saliva 'solidified' and forming arch over Chimney Swift nest to help hold it against the wall. ground nests - cupped nests on essays noir, the ground; sides are sometimes extended upward and statement arched over the top making a domed structure. Several passerines, particularly those that occupy open habitats like grasslands and tundra, build ground nests. Hemispherical photo of the vegetative canopy over a White-crowned Sparrow nest. Nests often have less vegetative cover in the. eastern sky, allowing more solar radiation to strike nests in the morning when ambient temperatures are cooler (From: Walsberg and King 1978).

Nest microclimates can be influenced by where open-cup nests are located. Shrub-nesting White-crowned Sparrows ( Zonotrichia leucophrys ) appear to consider the vegetation canopy when determining where to in film build nests. Statement Paper? Walsberg and information King (1978) examined the distribution of vegetation located above nests at a high-altitude site (1890 m) in Oregon and found that most nests were positioned so that they were more exposed to sunlight (75% more on average) in the morning when ambient temperatures were lower than the afternoon when temperatures were higher. This difference in for immigration exposure to solar radiation likely helped warm nests and their contents during cool mornings and reduced the likelihood of overheating during warmer afternoons. Typical nest location for a female Broad-tailed Hummingbird with a branch above the nest serving as a ‘roof’ (From: Calder 1973). Nest microclimates may, in some cases, be as important for compare and contrast essay, adult birds as for embryos and statement paper nestlings. Some hummingbirds nest at high latitude and high altitude locations where the combination of their high metabolic rates and sometimes cool ambient temperatures (particularly at night) may make balancing energy budgets difficult. Incubating and brooding female hummingbirds can, of course, conserve energy at room 101 essay night by entering torpor. However, even after allowing their body temperatures to drop, hummingbirds may still lose heat via radiation when ambient temperatures are lower than their body temperature.

To reduce such heat loss, female hummingbirds often build nests with at least partial branch ‘roofs.’ Such ‘roofs’ help reduce heat lost by radiation because the hummingbirds are less exposed to the cold night sky (Calder 1973). Proportions of nests found or visited during nest-building ( N = 46), egg-laying ( N = 62), and nestling stages ( N = 67) that contained at least some scat. Drawing source: Myers et al. (2005) Preen waxes that produce less odor -- It has long been recognized that nest depredation by olfactory-searching mammals greatly influences the thesis reproductive success of ground-nesting birds. Yet adaptations of birds to diminish smell during nesting have rarely been investigated. Recently, a remarkable shift in essay tungkol month 2013 the composition of uropygial gland secretions (preen waxes) was discovered in many ground-nesting shorebirds and ducks that begin incubation, during which the usual mixtures of thesis for immigration, monoester preen waxes are replaced by mixtures of less volatile diester waxes (see figure below). On Management? Reneerkens et al. (2005) showed experimentally that an olfactory-searching dog had greater difficulty detecting mixtures of the less volatile diesters than mixtures of monoesters. This is consistent with the hypothesis that diester preen waxes reduce birds' smell and thereby reduce predation risk (check this video!).

Secretions of the uropygial gland (left), also called preen waxes, are applied by birds to paper their plumage. These waxes repel water and inhibit the growth of feather-degrading bacteria. Seasonal changes in chemical composition of preen waxes of adults in 19 species of sandpipers. Species are listed from. top to bottom on the basis of median latitude of their breeding range, with the northernmost species first. And Contrast On Online? Squares = monoesters, triangles = mixture of mono- and diesters, filled circles = diesters (From: Reneerken et al. 2002). Few studies have focused on the question of whether nest building by birds in an innate behavior or is, at least to some extent, learned.

Two lines of evidence suggest that nest building has a large instinctive component: (1) the structure and composition of nests exhibit little intraspecific variation, and (2) birds raised in paper isolation tend to build species-specific nests. However, particularly for room introduction, birds that build more complex nests, evidence indicates that birds learn by experience and, as a result, the quality of nests built by older birds may exceed that of nests built by younger, less experienced birds. Paper? For example, the compare essay on online education first nests of young male Village Weavers ( Ploceus cucullatus ) are more loosely and crudely constructed than nests built by more experienced males. Left, nest built by older, experienced male Village Weaver and, right, the first nest built by a young male. (Collias and Collias 1964).

Another way of examining the extent to which nest building is innate versus learned is to thesis paper determine the Literature, degree of repeatability of nest morphology, with greater repeatability indicating a behavior with a greater genetic component. Thesis Statement For Immigration? Among some species of birds, nest morphology has been found to be very repeatable. For example, Barn Swallows ( Hirundo rustica ) build cup-shaped nests using mud and straw. Characteristics of the nests of individual swallows were found to a problem solution states be consistent both within and for immigration between years and, in addition, the characteristics of nests were even similar across generations, suggesting that nest building by essay tungkol sa nutrition Barn Swallows has a heritable component and is a largely instinctive behavior (Møller 2006). Similarly, the nests of individual Penduline Tits ( Remiz pendulinus ) exhibit little variation across seasons (Schleicher et al. 1996). In contrast, the nests of individual Southern Masked ( Ploceus velatus ) and Village weavers exhibited less repeatability, and nests of both species changed as individuals built more nests (Walsh et al. 2010; Figure below). Such results suggest that, for many species of thesis, birds, nest building is primarily if not entirely instinctive. However, at least for species that build more complex nests, such as weavers (Ploceidae), nest construction involves both instinct (especially for first nests) and learning. A series of six nests built by a male Southern Masked Weaver (first nest, upper left, and last nest, lower right) (From: Walsh et al.

2010). The time needed to essays on management information system build a nest varies with the complexity of the nest and other factors such as time of year and weather. In temperate areas, construction of the first nest of the breeding season may take longer than nests later in the season (particular in resident species like Eastern Bluebirds and Northern Cardinals). Generally, passerines build nests over a period of a few days (Table below). Construction of the nests of thesis for immigration paper, some larger birds, such as raptors, may require as long as several weeks. Woodpeckers excavate nest cavities in tree trunks or branches, a process that, for species found in North America, typically takes anywhere from 6 to 36 days (Table below). Time needed for essays in film, representative songbirds to complete their open-cup nests.

Typical time to. Tarof and thesis statement for immigration Briskie 2008. Hopp et al. 1995. Proudfoot et al. Literature, Farenheit 451? 2000. Farquhar and Ritchie 2002. Swanson et al. 2008. Kren and Zoerb 1997. Sallabanks and James 1999. Smith et al. 2011. Witmer et al. 1997. Lowther et al. 1999. Halkin and thesis statement paper Linville 1999. Holcomb and Twiest 1968. Scharf and Kren 2010.

Time needed for representative woodpeckers to create nest cavites. Typical time to. create nest cavity. Dixon and Saab 2000. Husak and Maxwell 1998. Bull and Jackson 2011. Shackelford et al. 2000. Smith et al. 2000. Garrett et al.

1996. These engineers really soar -- If you have any doubt that birds are master builders, try this: Get a bunch of thin twigs and and contrast vs traditional grass and try making a nest yourself. And no fair using your hands – birds, remember, only use their beaks. Statement Paper? Douglas Causey of Harvard University's Museum of Comparative Zoology has asked young students to essay tungkol sa nutrition month tagalog do just that. You can imagine the result. But if you think making a simple nest is difficult, imagine building a more elaborate nest.

Take, for example: A South American ovenbird (Rufous Hornero, Furnarius rufus ), which may take months to fashion one nest from clay or mud mixed with bits of straw, hair, and statement for immigration fibers. The tropical sun bakes the a problem walls brick-hard. A pair of horneros constructing a nest (time lapse). Or Bald Eagles that use sticks, some two inches thick and several feet long, to make nests sturdy enough to support a human adult. They may look like a jumble of materials, but the sticks are usually placed in layers, beginning with a triangle, followed by more rotated, triangular layers. Birds are capable of grand engineering feats. But are they engineers? Not in the way you might think. Just as birds know how to fly, they know how to build a nest without instructions or apprenticeship. Thesis For Immigration Paper? It's a matter of instinct. On Management Information? They are 'hard-wired,' Causey says, sort of like robots.

Birds craft their nests without consciously thinking about it. How then did some species of birds develop such well-engineered, elaborate nests? One possible explanation involves natural variation and evolution. If a particular bird happens to build a nest that is stronger or more predator-safe, that bird's offspring are more likely to thesis statement survive and pass along this trait to succeeding generations. Another possibility is Dystopian Literature, that when females choose mates based on the quality of the nests they build, this means the best nest builders are more likely to breed. Nest-building, therefore, may still be evolving, but so slowly that no one really detects any change.

This makes nest-building one of the most difficult bird behaviors to understand. Generally, in temperate areas, nest-building coincides with the arrival of spring. That's when birds' internal clocks tell them it's time to mate and raise a brood. In the tropics, though, some birds build nests and breed year-round. The nest, of for immigration paper, course, is where females lay eggs and brood young. Which bird actually does the a problem solution essay building – the male or female – varies by for immigration paper species. In some cases, both collect material to build the nest and introduction join in its construction. One of the more peculiar routines is that of the male Marsh Wren ( Cistothorus palustris ), which migrates north before the female and builds as many as 10 dummy nests in his territory. These dummy nests are not lined with soft materials; lining is thesis paper added by the female only to the chosen nest.

Dummy nests have been shown to have adaptive importance, with active nests built near larger numbers of dummy nests being more successful than those near fewer dummy nests (Leonard and Picman 1987). We usually think of nests in tree branches. But some birds build nests on the ground, some in bushes. Others might attach their nests to the sides of cliffs. Dystopian Literature,? Barn Swallows have an affinity for barns. Chimney Swifts, as the name implies, favor chimneys and other man-made enclosures. Carolina Wrens will nest in almost any cavity, from an empty can to a coat pocket. To keep nests together and paper secured in place, birds need good adhesives. Compare Vs Traditional Education? They use a variety of thesis paper, natural substances to do the job, including mud, saliva, spiderwebs, caterpillar silk, leaf mold, and certain plant fibers. Room? Materials that make up the nest are intertwined, and with the weaver bird, are actually woven or thatched together using grass, strips of leaves, and thesis for immigration paper twigs.

Birds can make hundreds of essays noir, trips to for immigration paper collect materials. And while they seem to prefer natural objects (helpful as camouflage), some use almost anything that works and that they can carry. Candy wrappers, cellophane, shredded money – even barbed wire – have shown up in nests. Essays On Management Information System? But however coarse the outside of the nest is, the thesis for immigration inside is usually lined with soft materials to information make it comfy. One theory about thesis why birds build open nests is that they had to. Larger species shooed them out of the compare and contrast on online education vs traditional tree holes.

Birds intent on avoiding bullies and predators may build nests that have coverings or that hang from the end of tree branches. Less aggressive birds may even build near more aggressive species, for thesis statement for immigration, protection. Although some large birds (eagles, hawks, and sea birds) return to nests they've made, most birds rarely do. Eagles may return annually to the huge platform nests they build in the treetops. Education Vs Traditional? Some measure as much as 6 feet in diameter. On the flip side are hummingbirds, which fashion tiny cup-like nests not much bigger than a thimble. Nest-collecting was popular from about 1870 to 1920, says Douglas Causey, ornithologist at Harvard University. Most of the nests in the museum's collection date to that period.

Back then, collectors didn't have the ecological awareness that people have today. They would climb trees and saw off branches to collect a nest – with its eggs intact. Once museums had at least one of thesis statement for immigration paper, each, searching for more made no sense. From about 1920 to 1970, nest and egg collections gathered dust. They just took up space, and no one knew what to do with them, Causey says. Some were thrown away.

During the Dystopian Specifically Farenheit 1970s, though, interest in bird eggs came back. Scientists noticed that eggshells of some birds had become thinner and more breakable. The insecticide DDT was found to be the statement for immigration cause. Researchers compared the thickness of old eggshells with new. Their findings helped persuade Congress to ban the pesticide. Without eggs from 100 years ago, no comparisons could have been made.

Egg and nest collections are important time capsules. They tell of environmental conditions at particular times. This, Causey says, is a good reason to collect more today. Researchers are now examining the old plant material in nests to determine how much carbon monoxide was in on management the atmosphere decades ago. In the United States, it is unlawful to collect the nests of migratory birds, unless for thesis, approved scientific study. A Problem Essay States? Although not strictly enforced, the law exists to protect birds in the wild from thesis, disturbance. When ornithologists study a nest, they know that if it has been unattended for several days, it's usually safe to Dystopian Literature, Specifically 451 conclude that the birds have gone and thesis statement for immigration paper won't be back. -- Ross Atkin (Copyright 2002 The Christian Science Monitor). Bent, A. C. 1939. Life histories of North American woodpeckers. U.S.

National Museum Bulletin 174, Washington, D.C. Bull, E. L., and J. A. Jackson. 101 Essay Introduction? 2011. Pileated Woodpecker ( Dryocopus pileatus ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Thesis? Cornell Lab of on management, Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/148. Calder, W. A. 1973. Microhabitat selection during nesting of hummingbirds in the Rocky Mountains. Ecology 54: 127-134. Collias, E. C., and N. E. Collias.

1964. The development of nest-building behavior in a weaverbird. Auk 81: 42-52. Darolova, A., H. Paper? Hoi, and B. Essay? Schleicher. 1997.

The effect of for immigration, ectoparasite nest load on the breeding biology of the Penduline Tit Remiz pendulinus . Ibis 139: 115-120. Dawson, W. R. 1997. Pine Siskin ( Spinus pinus ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of essays system, Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/280. Dixon, R. D., and V. A. Saab. 2000.

Black-backed Woodpecker ( Picoides arcticus ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/509. Farquhar, C. C., and K. L. Ritchie. 2002. Black-tailed Gnatcatcher ( Polioptila melanura ). For Immigration Paper? In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Compare On Online Education Vs Traditional Education? Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of thesis paper, North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/690.

Garrett, K. L., M. G. Raphael and R. D. Dixon. 1996. White-headed Woodpecker ( Picoides albolarvatus ). Tungkol Tagalog? In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Statement? Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/252. Greenlaw, J. S. 1996. Eastern Towhee ( Pipilo erythrophthalmus ). In Film? In: The Birds of North America Online (A. For Immigration? Poole, ed.). 101 Essay? Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/262. Halkin, S. L., and S. U. Linville. 1999.

Northern Cardinal ( Cardinalis cardinalis ). In: The Birds of statement for immigration, North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/440. Hartman, C.A. and L. W. Oring. 2003.

Orientation and microclimate of Horned Lark nests: the importance of shade. Condor 105:158-163. Holcomb, L. C., and G. Twiest. 1968. Ecological factors affecting nest building in Red-winged Blackbirds. Bird-Banding 39: 14-22.

Hopp, S. L., A. Kirby, and C. 101 Essay? A. Thesis Statement For Immigration Paper? Boone. 1995. And Contrast Education Vs Traditional? White-eyed Vireo ( Vireo griseus ). In: The Birds of thesis statement, North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of Specifically Farenheit 451, North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/168. Husak, M. S., and for immigration paper T. C. Maxwell. 1998.

Golden-fronted Woodpecker ( Melanerpes aurifrons ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Literature, Farenheit 451 Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/373. Kren, J., and A. C. Zoerb. 1997. Northern Wheatear ( Oenanthe oenanthe ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.).

Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/316. Leonard, M.L. and thesis statement for immigration paper J. Picman. 1987. The adaptive significance of multiple nest building by essay sa nutrition month tagalog male Marsh Wrens. Animal Behaviour 35:271-277. Lowther, P. E., C. Celada, N. K. Klein, C. Statement For Immigration Paper? C. Noir? Rimmer and D. A. Spector. Statement? 1999. Yellow Warbler ( Dendroica petechia ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/454. Merino, S. and J. Potti.

1996. Weather dependent effects of nest ectoparasites on their bird hosts. Ecography 19: 107113. Middleton, A. L. 1998. Chipping Sparrow ( Spizella passerina ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Literature,? Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/334. Møller, A. P. 2006. Statement Paper? Rapid change in nest size of a bird related to Specifically Farenheit change in a secondary sexual character. Behavioral Ecology 17: 108-116.

Mowbray, T. B. 1999. Scarlet Tanager ( Piranga olivacea ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/479. Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Thesis Statement For Immigration? Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2005. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Literature,? Accessed November 27, 2005 at http://animaldiversity.org.

Payne, R. B. 2006. Indigo Bunting ( Passerina cyanea ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/004. Petit, C., M. Hossaert-McKey, P. Perret, J. Blondel M.M. Lambrechts. 2002.

Blue Tits use selected plants and olfaction to maintain an thesis statement paper aromatic environment for nestlings. Ecology Letters 5: 585 - 589. Pettingill, O.S., Jr. 1985. Essays? Ornithology in Laboratory and Field, Fifth ed. Academic Press, New York, NY. Proudfoot, G. Statement For Immigration? A., D. Compare And Contrast On Online Education Vs Traditional? A. Sherry, and statement paper S. Johnson. Compare On Online Vs Traditional Education? 2000. Cactus Wren ( Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus ). Thesis Statement For Immigration? In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.).

Cornell Lab of Dystopian Literature, Specifically, Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of thesis statement for immigration paper, North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/558. Ritchison, G. 1999. Downy Woodpecker. Stackpole Books, Mechanicsburg, PA. Sallabanks, R., and F. C. James. Compare On Online Education Vs Traditional Education? 1999. American Robin ( Turdus migratorius ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of for immigration paper, Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Dystopian Literature, Farenheit Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/462. Scharf, W. C., and paper J. Kren. 2010.

Orchard Oriole ( Icterus spurius ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. On Management System? Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the thesis paper Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/255. Schleicher, B., H. Hoi, and sa nutrition month 2013 F. Valera. 1996. Seasonal change in female mate choice criteria in thesis statement Penduline Tits ( Remiz pendulinus ) . Compare And Contrast Essay On Online Education Vs Traditional? Ardeola 43: 1929. Shackelford, C. E., R. Thesis Statement? E. Brown, and R. N. Conner.

2000. Essay Sa Nutrition Month Tagalog? Red-bellied Woodpecker ( Melanerpes carolinus ). Statement For Immigration? In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Dystopian Literature, Specifically Farenheit 451? Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/500. Smith, R. J., M. I. Hatch, D. A. Cimprich and F. R. Moore. 2011.

Gray Catbird ( Dumetella carolinensis ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Statement? Poole, ed.). Sa Nutrition Month 2013 Tagalog? Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the thesis Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/167. Smith, K. Dystopian Literature, Specifically 451? G., J. H. Withgott, and P. G. Statement For Immigration Paper? Rodewald. 2000. Red-headed Woodpecker ( Melanerpes erythrocephalus ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Literature, Specifically Farenheit Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/518.

Swanson, D. L., J. L. Ingold, and G. E. Wallace. 2008. Ruby-crowned Kinglet ( Regulus calendula ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/119. Tarof, S., and J. V. Thesis For Immigration? Briskie. 2008. Least Flycatcher ( Empidonax minimus ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.).

Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/099. Tomback, D. F. 1998. Clark's Nutcracker ( Nucifraga columbiana ). In: The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, ed.). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY; Retrieved from the Birds of North America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna.html/species/331. Walsberg, G. E., and J. R. King. 1978. The heat budget of incubating Mountain White-crowned Sparrows ( Zonotrichia leucophrys oriantha ) in Oregon.

Physiological Zoology 51: 92-103. Walsh, P. T., M. Hansell, W. D. System? Borello, and S. D. Healy. For Immigration Paper? 2010. Repeatability of nest morphology in African weaver birds. Biology Letters 6: 149-151.

Social Psychology : Should social psychology aim for a more integrated approach? Social psychology is the scientific study of how we affect each other by anything from what we say or do, to statement for immigration paper the simple act of our presence. From this descriptions it is introduction clear how social psychology is often seen to for immigration overlap with sociology and essay tungkol month tagalog indeed explains why many of its roots are there. Perhaps because of its diverse roots, the range of different approaches within social psychology can seem bewildering and, quite apart from anything else, it can be difficult to see any kind of coherent whole or overarching meta-theories. Thesis Paper. In order to evaluate whether social psychology might benefit from a more integrated approach it is useful to evaluate where that integration is occurring and whether it is producing meaningful knowledge. The standard approach to most areas of social psychology has been in the creation of theories that are not overarching but more modestly aim to explain an area of social psychology but go no further.

This is partly the result of essay month, a proliferation of research in social psychology that has meant that researchers tend to focus on a specialised field and statement paper take less notice of on management information, what is happening outside its narrow confines - not a situation conducive to an integrative approach. The problem with this fragmented approach is clearly seen in what are called the different 'levels of explanation' at which social psychological research operates at. The three levels are intrapersonal, interpersonal, and intergroup and the research has tended to concentrate on one of these levels without integrating them together. This can lead to an incomplete answer to the original research question. Hogg Vaughan (2002) use the example of social psychologists tackling group behaviour in terms of intrapsychic processes - like personality - which are not amenable to explaining such phenomena as stereotyping or prejudice.

Branscombe Spears (2001) have suggested that there are ways to integrate social psychological knowledge and outline some of these attempts. The continuing rise of cognitive psychology as an overarching method of explanation or meta-theory, has been invoked in social psychology. For example, explanations of social cognition are made in terms of information processing using neural or connectionist networks as the basis. This can be seen in a variety of experiments on thesis statement for immigration paper, the effects of motivational and emotional factors on behaviour such as that by Forgas (1995). Here participants were told they were going to be involved in essays two unrelated studies, the first involving watching a film which was either happy, sad or neutral. The second involved making a judgement about a person under a variety of different conditions.

The experimenters wanted to see how the mood state would affect the social judgement of the paper, participants. They found different levels of 'affect infusion' depending on the particular circumstances of the essays information, study. The main criticism of this type of formulation of motivational and emotional factors as somehow 'add-on' or extra factors that then modify 'normal behaviour' is that it rather isolates these factors rather than integrating them with the perception and evaluation of others. Evolutionary psychology has also had a great effect on thesis for immigration, many areas of essay month 2013, psychology and thesis lays claim to being another overarching theory - although this is more of a 'top-down' rather than 'bottom-up' theory. Evolutionary theorists such as Buss (1995) claim that parts of essay, our behaviour can be explained in terms of adaptations to the environment, both social and physical.

This had become a very popular explanation with analysis often focussing on interpersonal relationships, specifically in terms of sexual attraction and how it relates to differing levels of investment in offspring. Modern theorists are now, however, turning away from evolutionary theory as it tends to focus on how the distant past might affect people's behaviour today. For Immigration. While it is room possible, perhaps probable, that evolutionary factors will be somewhat relevant, it can be difficult to paper see this as a complete overarching theory that can explain how people behave in modern technological societies. Both the evolutionary theory and ideas from cognitive psychology, therefore, do not provide meta-theoretical explanations on which social psychology can build an integrated perspective. Where then can we turn?

Currently one of the most hopeful areas for an integrative approach as identified by both Hogg Vaughan (2002) and Branscombe Spears (2001) is in a particularly social psychological perspective. These authors suggest that one of the most successful attempts at integrating analyses from a variety of different levels - intrapersonal, interpersonal and intergroup - is in social identity theory (Tajfel Turner, 1986). Social identity theory grew out of the minimal group paradigm experiments in which it was found that people would strongly identify with even an extremely arbitrary and loosely formed grouping so as to prefer the compare essay education vs traditional, in-group members over the out-group members. This would occur with only the smallest and most subtle provocation (described in Tajfel, 1978). This theory is based on thesis, the idea that society is structured by social groupings with different levels of power and 101 essay introduction interests and that people gain their social identity from these groups. Attached to this social identity are particular ways of behaving to thesis statement paper be adhered to. People are not limited to a single social identity though and can, and compare essay vs traditional generally do, have multiple identities which can be switched between depending on the situation. To counter the criticisms mentioned earlier about levels of explanation, social identity theory is for immigration careful to 101 essay separate personal identity from social identity as it is precisely the thesis statement for immigration, confounding of these two levels that has drawn the censure of Literature, 451, critics. Because of its concentration on the importance of groups, a number of established social psychological processes are also brought into the theory automatically. These include, for for immigration, example, in-group favouritism and intergroup differentiation.

Finally, social identity theory assumes that people have a need to gain a positive evaluation of themselves in Specifically Farenheit 451 relation to other people. The explanations provided by social identity theory so far cover interpersonal and intergroup effects, but what about intrapsychic processes? Branscombe Spears (2001) suggest that self-categorisation theory provides another important piece in providing an for immigration, integrated meta-theory. Self-categorisation theory grew out of social identity theory and concentrates on how a person places themselves in particular social categories (Turner, 1987). It sees a person as choosing from a number of fuzzy categories about how to behave in particular situations as compared to a kind of prototype. Dystopian Specifically 451. This analysis brings in the more cognitive ideas of having a representation of a group, and the prototype of that group, and then comparing individual behaviour to that. These kinds of distinctions between levels of understanding and categorisation or identity can be clearly understood in research like that carried out by Spears, Doosje, Ellemers (1997).

In this study psychology students were encouraged to paper compare themselves to fine arts students and then physics students respectively. The results showed they tended to emphasise their intelligence when comparing themselves to fine arts students, and their creativity when comparing themselves to physics students. Room Introduction. This clearly shows how people have a need to compare themselves favourably to others but also effectively shows how people's image of themselves is affected by the exact nature of the social comparison that they are making. The combination of social identity theory and self-categorisation theory have been used to explain a number of statement for immigration, social psychological phenomena. These have included social stereotyping, group formation and cohesion and the maintenance of self-esteem. Essay Tungkol 2013. One oft-analysed example that demonstrates the salient points is that of crowd behaviour. Thesis For Immigration. Crowd behaviour has traditionally been analysed as a function of changes in Dystopian Literature, Specifically Farenheit 451 individuation and in self-awareness in an individual person. Like many areas of social psychology this analysis has come under fire for ignoring or playing down the intergroup interactions.

In an analysis of for immigration, crowd behaviour based on social identity theory, these criticisms are lessened. Reicher, Spears Postmes (1995) posit that crowds come together as members of introduction, a specific social group in order to perform a particular act or protest, the result of this is that there is often a high level of the sharing of thesis for immigration paper, social identity. Essays Information System. But in a crowd situation there are frequently few cues as to how to behave and so people tend to look for those members of the group that they identify with and copy them. To look at it from another perspective, rather than becoming deindividuated by being in paper a crowd, people are actually raising their social identity in this situation above their personal identity. The simple result is a problem essay states that people tend to conform to the group norms to a greater extent. Studies of riots cited by Hogg Vaughan (2002) provide some evidence for this point of statement for immigration, view. A Problem Essay States. Reicher (1984) studied the riots that occurred in 1980 in the St Paul's area of thesis statement, Bristol. It was found that, for example, people only compare education, targeted symbols of the state such as the thesis statement, police and banks, they were certainly not indiscriminate. There was a strong sense of positive social identity and a problem solution essay the crowd remained within the confines of St Paul's rather than spreading to thesis statement for immigration other areas. Sa Nutrition 2013 Tagalog. These kinds of findings tend to support ideas from social identity and self-categorisation theory.

The fragmentation and attempts at statement paper integration discussed so far are those that have occurred within what is known as mainstream social psychology . However, one of the most important major differences or splits in and contrast on online vs traditional education the practice of social psychology came with the so-called 'crisis in social psychology' in the late 60s and early 70s. This was lead by critics of traditional approaches to social psychology like Gergen (1973). What these critics were saying was that social psychology, in thesis statement for immigration its mainstream incarnation, had become too obsessed with scientific methods that were not best suited to tungkol 2013 tagalog gaining social psychological knowledge: namely reductionism and positivism. The effect of concentrating on reductionism in psychology, it was argued, meant that accounts of social psychological phenomena tended to concentrate on thesis statement paper, intrapersonal psychology at the expense of understanding the social nature of human relations. Critics of positivist approaches claimed that social psychologists tended to place too much emphasis on the explanatory power of traditional scientific methods. They contended that it was not possible to study a person or group of people in Specifically an 'objective' way for thesis statement paper, the simple reason that effectively people are studying themselves and it is impossible to be objective about yourself - by definition! While traditional experimental approaches to essays in film social psychology continued then, new methods began to grow from different traditions that challenged the way social psychology had been 'done' in the past. Thesis Statement Paper. Lyons (1998) describes some of in film, these new approaches that are often collected under the banner of thesis, 'social constructionism'. This new plurality of approaches has at its centre the a problem states, idea that reality is socially constructed. In essence this idea is that there is statement for immigration paper no objective reality so that reality which we construct (mainly) through our language should form the primary focus for investigation. Discourse analysis (Potter Wetherell, 1987) is a problem solution essay states one method of analysing our interactions with each other that involves the qualitative analysis of written or verbal text.

While these new approaches to social psychology have certainly fed back usefully into the mainstream in terms of the methodologies used, their philosophical bases are fundamentally opposed to the way that mainstream psychology is carried out. Still, their concentration on statement paper, the social in social psychology can be seen to parallel the tungkol sa nutrition tagalog, mainstream's increasing awareness in the same direction. Whether integration is desirable, or even possible, between these two approaches is certainly questionable. The main problem for social psychologists is that knowledge naturally becomes highly specialised and eventually ghettoised, so that there is little communication between specialisms and little opportunity for the sharing and thesis for immigration paper integration of knowledge. Essays In Film. As human beings represent extremely complicated integrated systems it seems unlikely that they can be fully understood as a number of discrete parts or modules. Unless bridges can be built between the thesis, sub-disciplines of social psychology, it seems likely that much knowledge about how these systems operate will be lost between the widening cracks. There is some evidence that some level of integration might be achieved through social identity and self-categorisation theory, although the gap between mainstream social psychology and social constructionist analyses look less likely to be bridged despite the boost to qualitative methodologies in the mainstream.

Branscombe, N. R. Spears, R. (2001) Social Psychology : Past, Present, and Some Predictions for the Future. In J. S. Halonen S. F. Davis (Eds.). The many faces of a problem solution essay, psychological research in the 21st century (text-only version; chap. Statement Paper. 7). On Management Information. Retrieved September 5, 2005 from http://teachpsych.lemoyne.edu/teachpsych/faces/text/Ch07.htm Buss, D. M. (1995). Psychological sex differences: Origins through sexual selection.

American Psychologist, 50, 164-168. Forgas, J. P. (1995). Mood and judgment: The affect infusion model (AIM). Psychological Bulletin, 117, 39-66. Gergen, K. J. (1973). Social psychology as history. Journal of thesis, Personality and Social Psychology , 26, 309-320.

Hogg, M. Essays On Management Information. A. Vaughan, G. M. (2002) Social Psychology, Third Edition, London: Prentice Hall Lyons, E. (1998) Social Psychology 1, In Psychology: An Integrated Approach, Ed. Eysenek, M. Paper. W., pp.324-355. Essex: Longman. Potter, J., Wetherell, M. (1987). Discourse and social psychology: Beyond attitudes and behaviour. London: Sage. Reicher, S. (1984) St. Paul's a study of the limits of crowd behaviour. A Problem Essay States. In Murphy J et al (eds.) Dialogues and debates in social psychology.

Reicher, S. D., Spears, R., Postmes, T. (1995). A social identity model of deindividuation phenomena. Thesis Statement. In Stroebe, W., Hewstone, M. (Eds.), European review of essay sa nutrition, social psychology, Vol. Thesis Statement For Immigration Paper. 6, pp. 161-198). Chichester, UK: Wiley. A Problem Solution Essay States. Spears, R., Doosje, B., Ellemers, N. (1997). Self-stereotyping in thesis for immigration paper the face of threats to 101 essay introduction group status and distinctiveness: The role of group identification. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 538-553.

Tajfel, H. (1978). Paper. Interindividual behaviour and intergroup behaviour. In: Tajfel, H. (Ed.) Differentiation between social groups (pp. 27-60). Essay On Online Education Education. New York: Academic Press. Tajfel, H., Turner, J.C. Thesis For Immigration. (1986).

The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In Worchel, S., Austin, W. G. (Eds.), The psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 7-24). Chicago, IL: Nelson-Hall. Turner, J.C. (1987). A self-categorization theory.

In Turner, J.C. Hogg, M.A. Essay On Online Vs Traditional Education. Oakes, P.J. Reicher, S.D., Wetherell M.S. (Eds.), Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory (pp. 42-67). Oxford: Basil Blackwell. If this essay isn't quite what you're looking for, why not order your own custom Pyschology essay, dissertation or piece of coursework that answers your exact question? There are UK writers just like me on hand, waiting to help you. Each of us is qualified to a high level in our area of expertise, and we can write you a fully researched, fully referenced complete original answer to your essay question.

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