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Romeo and juliet practice essay questions

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A Sample Night Club and romeo and juliet practice essay Bar Business Plan Template. Are you about starting a night club business? If YES, here is a complete sample night club business plan template feasibility report you can use for for applied FREE . And Juliet Practice! Okay, so we have considered all the requirements for starting a night club business. We also took it further by analyzing and drafting a sample night club and bar marketing plan template backed up by actionable guerrilla marketing ideas for night club businesses. So let#8217;s proceed to 600 word essay the business planning section. It is not a new thing to have people unwind in the United States of America after a long week of practice questions, hard work and no play.

As a matter of fact, all over the globe it is a known fact that the night club business have continued to gain more grounds as the years roll by. It is therefore one of the reasons why more and more people have continued to take to the industry. What Does It Take to emerson essay on friendship Start a Night Club and Bar Successfully? Starting a night club business is something that needs some thorough feasibility studies. This is why some experts are paid to help budding entrepreneurs in a particular field gather information. Practice Essay Questions! This is thesis_hook_multimedia_box, so that one can launch out well equipped and can partake on a deep and romeo essay questions smooth level. It also requires that one have all the necessary documentation so that one does not face the writing in malaysia, risk of being clamped down on. If you think starting a night club on the front burner of your goals, then you may want to take some time out to do the needful- register your business, secure location, secure the romeo and juliet practice essay questions, various means through which you want to raise the for research papers, capital that is needed to launch your business and sundry. Thereafter, it becomes really necessary that you draw up a business plan. One of the challenges of drawing up a plan is hinged on and juliet practice essay the fact that it has to be really detailed. This is one the reasons why one may have to essay writing contest employ the services of an expert business plan writer who will have to be saddled with all that.

However, there is an easy route, and that route means that you have got to use an existing business plan template to pull yours off. There are load of resources on questions the internet that can help you scale through the hurdle. However, for the sake of an easy access, you may want to consider the sample nightclub and essay bar business below. A Sample Night Club and Bar Business Plan Template. Nightclub and Bar Business Overview. In the United States of America just like in most countries of the world, the nightclub and bar industry is indeed a very lucrative industry especially in countries / cities with healthy nightlife. For instance in the United States alone, statistics has it that the night club and bar industry generate a whooping sum of $20 billion in revenue annually from about 45,000 established and recognized bars and night clubs in and juliet practice essay the US.

The distilled spirits industry generates around $100 billion in United States of America. For those that run bars and night clubs, there major sources of center for applied, revenue generation are the sale of assorted beers, distilled spirits, liquor, martinis, wine, food and and juliet practice questions non – alcoholic beverages. Beer which is the major selling point for thesis_hook_multimedia_box bars and nightclubs accounting for 37% of the revenue generated by nightclubs and practice questions bars in for research papers the United States is and juliet essay, manufactured by more than 3,000 breweries (both conventional and microbrewery).For example, statistics has it that the how long does, United States of America produced about 196 million barrels (23.0 GL) of beer in 2012 alone, and consumes roughly 28 US gallons (110 L) of romeo essay questions, beer per capita annually, and a larger percentage of this beers are sold in bars and night club and In 2011, the how long it take, United States was ranked fifteenth in the world in per capita consumption, while total consumption was second only to China. This goes to show that bar and and juliet practice night club business is indeed a very lucrative business in the United States. Although people still gather to socialize in bars and night clubs, just as they have always done in time past, but with factors such as driving while intoxicated and the increase in crime rates, the drinking pattern in thesis_hook_multimedia_box bars is being affected. Also, the growing concern as regards health and fitness toward the end of the and juliet practice, 20th century was part of what redefined non alcohol consumption in the US. In essence, the rate at which people consume beers and other drinks both alcoholic and non – alcoholic is what determines the growth of bar and night club industry. Any entrepreneur who wants to start a nightclub business in the US would definitely be confronted with tough competition out there. The truth is that, you will not only compete with other nightclubs in your location or city, but you would be competing with every other entertainment options such as bars (pubs), restaurants, casinos et al. For instance, people go to bars to drink and socialize and they tend to get more when they go to critical night clubs or other entertainment hub. In night clubs, people do not only romeo and juliet practice essay questions drink and socialize, but they also dance if they choose to and get entertained.

Lastly it is important to state that in as much as starting a nightclub business can be profitable and rewarding, the success of any new nightclub in the United States is not automatic. The chances of new nightclubs to struggle within the first 6 months of for applied critical thinking, launching can’t be ruled out. As a matter of essay, fact, it can take between two to for applied thinking five years before most nightclubs can recover their initial investment. In order words, just like loads of new businesses, the statistics for nightclubs do not favor the startups, you just have to have a long term investment plan if you intend starting your own nightclub and bar business. Night Club and Bar Business Plan Executive Summary. Banner Bunny Nightclub and Bar is a standard nightclub and bar that will be located in the heart of Las Vegas – Nevada less than 20 minute drive from McCarran International Airport in Las Vegas, and few minute drive from Mandalay Bay Event Center. We conveniently located in the world’s headquarter for casinos and games; a commercial center that never goes to bed. We are set to contribute our own quota to the already healthy nightlife that Las Vegas is known for. Romeo And Juliet Essay! Aside from running a nightclub, we will also run a standard bar and we will make available assorted beers, crafted beers, wines, liquors, distilled spirits, martinis, non-alcoholic drinks, beverages and center for applied critical foods to all those that will patronize our nightclub and bar. Practice Questions! Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar is going to be located in thesis_hook_multimedia_box a conducive environment that is specifically designed for socializing and networking and romeo and juliet practice essay questions free from all forms of violence.

Our night club and bar facility is centrally located in a busy street and it has the capacity to accommodate 200 people per time. The facility is designed and constructed to meet both the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, health and safety standard as recommended by the local authority. Our customers are going to romeo and juliet practice essay questions be treated with good music at all times. We have made provision for live band, karaoke, country side music and jazz et al. This will be played at emerson essay on friendship, different times / days to essay create the ambience that our customers will cherish and opportunity for them to dance and be happy. We are in the night club and writing bar business to make profits, and at the same time to give our customers value for their money and romeo practice time; we want to give people patronize our nightclub and bar the opportunity to choose from the wide range of beers and other drinks that are manufactured in the United States of America. Banner Bunny® Nightclub and center thinking Bar will go all the and juliet essay, way to bring in both local and national music artists to perform live in thesis how long it take our nightclub and also to make available most of the brand of beers produced in romeo and juliet essay questions the US. Our goal is to make every day a day of celebration, networking and socializing for thinking as many people that will patronize our nightclub and bar. Romeo And Juliet Practice! No doubt, we will employ all publicity strategies that will enable our nightclub and bar to become the talk of thesis how long, town amongst the socialites in Las Vegas. We have put plans in place to practice questions make our nightclub and car bubbling especially during weekends and also our facility will be highly secured because who want to attract everybody both celebrities and non-celebrities alike.

Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar is owned by Barnabas Duke who has successfully managed several bars and night clubs in Los Angeles and thesis_hook_multimedia_box Las Vegas prior to opening his own. He has the magic wand to attract people who go to questions bars and nightclub on a regular basis. Barnabas Duke has good working relationship with celebrities and key stakeholders in the entertainment industry not only in Las Vegas and Los Angeles, but also throughout the United States of America. Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar is thesis_hook_multimedia_box, going to operate a standard nightclub and romeo and juliet essay questions bar that will make available every activity, services and product that can be found in a standard nightclubs and bars in the United States and in 600 word essay term papers any part of the romeo and juliet, world. We are in the nightclub and essay on friendship analysis bar business to favorably compete with leaders in our industry. Aside from good music and dance, we will ensure that we go all length to make available assorted drinks in our bars.

These are some of the products and services that will be found in our bar; Music and Dance (live band, karaoke, R B, country side music and jazz et al) Standup Comedy Hall Rental Services for Parties Beers (Bud Light, Coors Light, Miller Lite, Budweiser, Michelob Ultra-Light, Natural Light, Busch Light, Bush, Redds Apple Ale, Sierra Nevada Pale Ale, Keystone Light, Pabst Blue Ribbon, Bud Light Lime, Bud Light Platinum Lager et al) Locally Crafted Beers (Pale Beers, Amber Beers, Dark Beers, Hebrew Beers, Gluten Free, Organic Brews, Cider et al) Wines Distilled spirits Liquor Martinis Small Chops Non – alcoholic beverages Tobacco. Our vision is to establish a standard and secured nightclub and practice bar in Las Vegas – Nevada that will be the melting pot of all lovers of nightlife, social life, alcoholic and non – alcoholic drinks. Our mission is to establish a nightclub and bar business that will create a standard of essay term papers, excellence in the industry. We want to grow our nightclub and bar business to be listed amongst the top 10 nightclubs and and juliet practice questions bars in the United State within the first 5 years of opening our doors to the general public. Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar is essay, a business that is established to be a pacesetter when it comes to how standard nightclubs and bars should be run in Las Vegas and even in the United States of America. Practice! We have the goal of assembling a team of dedicated workforce who will give our customers excellent customer service at 600 word essay term, all times, a team that will ensure that we will continue to have repeated customers and a team that will indeed make us the melting pot of all lovers of nightlife, social life, alcoholic and non – alcoholic drinks in Las Vegas Nevada. In view of the practice essay questions, above, we have been able to thesis_hook_multimedia_box follow suit on questions what is obtainable in standard nightclubs and bars in the U.S. and perhaps improve on the structure with time when the need arises.

Below is the essay writing, shape and structure we will build Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar on; Chief Executive Officer (Owner) Nightclub / Bar Manager Bartender / Baristas Accountants / Cashiers DJ Greeters / Customer Service Agent / Table Attendant Cleaners Security Officers. Roles and Responsibilities. Responsible for providing direction for the business Creating, communicating, and implementing the organization#8217;s vision, mission, and overall direction i.e. leading the romeo and juliet essay, development and implementation of the overall organization#8217;s strategy. Responsible for fixing prices and signing business deals Responsible for recruitment Responsible for payment of salaries Responsible for thesis_hook_multimedia_box signing checks and documents on behalf of the company Evaluates the success of the organization. Responsible for managing the daily activities in the nightclub Ensure that the facility is in tip top shape and conducive enough to welcome customers Interfaces with vendors Reports to practice essay the Chief Executive Officer Attends to Customers complains and enquiries Prepares budget and reports for the organization Responsible for Training and Development in the organization Responsible for procuring of raw materials and equipment Handles any other duty as assigned by the CEO. Interacts with customers, take orders for in malaysia drinks and snacks. Plans and presents bar menu. Checks identification of the guest to make sure they meet age requirements for and juliet practice essay questions purchase of alcohol and tobacco products. Mixes ingredients to prepare cocktails and other drinks. Mixes drinks, cocktails and other bar beverages as ordered and in compliance with hotel standard drink recipes.

Prepares alcohol or non-alcohol beverages. Services Wine and Beer to guests. Arranges bottles and glasses to make attractive displays. Assesses customers’ needs and preferences and make recommendations Makes lists of supplies in conjunction with the contest in malaysia, bar manager / management Prepares inventory or purchase requisitions as needed to replenish supplies. Ensures that the assigned bar area is fully equipped with tools and products needed for Mixing beverages and serving guests. Romeo And Juliet Practice Essay Questions! Collects payment for drinks served and balance all receipts. Prepares financial report at the end of center, every working week Handles all financial transaction on behalf of the company Interfaces with our bankers Responsible for romeo payment of tax, levies and utility bills Handles any other duty as assigned by the CEO / microbrewery manager.

Ensures that customers are entertained with the best of music per time Manage the sound system for the nightclub In charge of music collections Responsible for providing music at events. Responsible for developing music playlists. Interacts with public at parties. How Long Does! Responsible for questions mixing music tracks. Greeters / Customer Service Agent / Table Attendant. Opens doors and welcome customers Ensures that customers feel relaxed and at home Handles customers enquiries Assesses customers’ needs and contest in malaysia preferences and make recommendations Ability to Sell or influence others for and juliet practice essay questions up selling and suggestive selling. Provides recommendations and suggestions to guest for choosing Drinks and Snacks. Serves customers in a friendly and helpful manner.

Provide guidance to guests on resort activities, dining options and general resort and Regional information. Determines when a customer has had too much alcohol and essay writing if required refusing any further serving on a polite way. Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of food and beverage products, menus and Promotions Handles any other duty as assigned by the night club / bar manager. Handles and move objects, such as glasses and bottles, using hands and arms. Cleans up after customers and clean work area. Clears ashtrays as and when required. Washes glassware and romeo and juliet practice questions utensils after each use.

Maintains a clean working area by sweeping, vacuuming, dusting, cleaning of glass doors and writing contest in malaysia windows, etc. if required. And Juliet Essay! Ensures that toiletries and supplies don’t run out of stock Handles any other duty as assigned by the Nightclub / bar manager. Ensures that the nightclub and bar facility is secured at all time Controls traffic and organize parking Gives security tips to staff members from time to time Patrols around the building on a 24 hours basis Submit security reports weekly Handles any other duty as assigned by the nightclub / bar manager. Night Club and Bar Business Plan SWOT Analysis. Banner Bunny® Nightclub and center for applied thinking Bar is established with the and juliet essay questions, aim of becoming the melting pot of all lovers of nightlife, social life, alcoholic and non – alcoholic drinks in Las Vegas – Nevada and to does become a pacesetter when it comes to how standard nightclubs and bars should be run in Las Vegas and even in questions the United States of thesis_hook_multimedia_box, America which is and juliet practice essay, why we have taken our time to critically analyze and conduct SWOT analysis to be able to identify areas we need to work on if indeed we want to 600 word achieve our business goals and objectives. No investor would want to romeo essay invest his or her hard earned money without assessing the risks involved in the venture and also his or her capability to essay deliver and make profits from the business. The ability to make profits from any business and to favorably compete with competitors in the industry starts with the result you get from your SWOT analysis. In view of that, Banner Bunny® Nightclub and romeo practice questions bar hired a business and HR specialist to help conduct SWOT analysis for the business and thesis_hook_multimedia_box below is practice, a summary of the result that was generated; Our strength as a nightclub and bar business are, excellent and detailed customer service, highly secured and emerson essay safe facility, Availability of a wide range of assorted drinks, beverages, tobaccos and food. Romeo Practice! We can boast of having some of the best hands in the industry, excellent facility, excellent ambience and perfect location for a nightclub and bar in metropolitan and bubbling city like Las Vegas. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box! Our perceived weakness could be that we are a new nightclub and and juliet practice essay questions bar in a highly competitive city like Las Vegas, and we may not have the financial muscle to sustain the kind of publicity we want to give our business. There are unlimited business opportunities available to nightclub and bar businesses in term papers busy cities like Las Vegas.

No doubt, Las Vegas happens to practice questions be one of the cities in the world where social life is at its peak. Another opportunity that we stand to leverage on is the fact that we can easily order any brand or beer and drinks directly from the manufacturer with little or no stress. One of the threats that is how long, likely going to confront us is and juliet practice, unfavorable government policies, security threat, downturn in the economy which is essay, likely going to affect sales and and juliet essay questions perhaps the emergence of new night clubs and bars (competitors) within the same location where our bar is located. Night Club and Bar Business Plan MARKET ANALYSIS. In recent time, the societal shift away from alcoholic drinks toward healthier lifestyles is to a larger extent contributing to a steady decline in the amount of how long it take, individual spending allocated to trips to bars and practice essay nightclubs plus the fact that nobody wants to be caught driving while drunk. As a matter of fact, it is now becoming trending to find nightclubs and bars educating their customers on the danger of driving while drunk. The recent market trend in the nightclub and bar industry is such that the increase in the number of consumers choosing packaged beverages and entertainment for home consumption rather than at thesis_hook_multimedia_box, bars or nightclubs is also on the increase. This trend is surely going to have lasting impacts on both the bar business and nightclub business. Statistics has it that the number of bar and nightclub business establishments is forecast to decline slightly but that does not in romeo practice questions any way affect the revenue generated by those who are still in business. In fact, the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, revenues are expected to grow as the economy improves and romeo and juliet practice essay questions consumer spending increases. The industry revenue is projected to emerson on friendship grow to about 2.5% per year over the next 6 years.

It is also important to point out that personal income and entertainment contributes greatly to the numbers of people that patronize bars and night clubs. Although there are loads of clients for nightclub and bar business, but the profitability of individual nightclubs and bars within the location where they operate depends largely on their ability to drive traffic and and juliet essay questions develop a loyal customer’s base. Bars and nightclubs do not only compete with one another alone, they also share the available market with other businesses like restaurants, hotels, casinos and outlets that retails drinks for center for applied critical home consumption. As a standard nightclub and bar, Banner Bunny® Nightclub and romeo questions Bar will offer a wide range of services and products hence we are well trained and 600 word essay term papers equipped to romeo services a wide range of clientele base. The target market for our nightclub and critical thinking bar cuts across people of different classes and people from all walks of romeo and juliet practice, life, local and international tourists as well. 600 Word Papers! We have done our feasibility studies and market survey and we were able to identify those who we expect will patronize our nightclub and bar eventually become our loyal customers; our target market. Below is a list of the people and organizations that we have specifically design our nightclub and romeo essay bar (products and services) for; Corporate Executives Business People People in the entertainment industry Event planners Sports Men and Women Government Officials College Students Tourists. Our Competitive Advantage. We are aware of the stiff competition that exist in the nightclub and bar cum entertainment industry in Las Vegas, the truth is that despite the fact that the level of competition for nightclub and bar business is pretty high in Las Vegas, one thing is certain, if you know how to thesis_hook_multimedia_box drive traffic to your nightclub and bar, you will sure make huge returns from the business. And Juliet Practice Questions! Good enough, the owner of our nightclub and bar has the magic wand to attract nightlife lovers; he has done it with several nightclubs and bars that he has managed both in thesis it take Los Angeles and and juliet practice questions Las Vegas. Part of what is going to be our selling point in Las Vegas is the fact that we operate a standard nightclub and bar, in a perfect location for the kind of business that we run and also the fact that our nightclub and bar facility is highly secured.

Another factor that will give Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar competitive edge is thesis_hook_multimedia_box, that we have enough packing space to accommodate the numbers of customers our nightclub and bar can contain per time. We are not ignoring the fact that we are among the few neighborhood nightclubs and bars in downtown Las Vegas that sells almost all the brands of beers, crafted beers, wines, distilled spirits, liquors et al and romeo and juliet essay questions obviously, that will surely count towards our advantage in the market place and also the robust experience of our CEO and the nightclub and bar manager is also a positive for Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar. Night Club and Bar Business Plan SALES AND MARKETING STRATEGY. Marketing Strategy and Sales Strategy. Top of the list on center for applied critical our marketing and sale strategy document is practice essay questions, generating a buzz for our night club and bar via word-of-mouth and leveraging on road show.

The model of nightclub and bar we intend running is 600 word papers, a standard nightclub and bar that can favorably compete with other leading nightclubs and bars in the United States hence we are not going to rely only on the conventional ways of marketing. We have the plans to run paid adverts on Local TV stations, local radio stations and local newspaper. Romeo Practice Essay Questions! We will sure maximize every other available means to promote our business. Our unique selling proposition is that we have a collection of almost all the on friendship, brand of beers produced in romeo essay questions America in our nightclub and bar, we have assorted drinks and thesis how long tobaccos et al. In view of that, we are going to adopt the following strategies to ensure that we do not only and juliet essay attract customers to patronize our nightclub and bar but generate repeated sales from them; Part of the marketing and sales strategies that we will adopt is; Open our nightclub and bar in a grand style with a party for all.

Ensure that we have a wide range entertainment services (standup comedy, live band, concerts and karaoke et al) and products (beers, wines, liquors, distilled spirits, martinis and non-alcoholic drinks) at center for applied critical thinking, all times. Make use of and juliet essay questions, attractive hand bills to 600 word term create awareness and also to give direction to our nightclub and bar Position our signage / flexi banners at strategic places Position our greeters to welcome and direct potential customers Create a loyalty plan that will enable us reward our regular customers Engage on road shows within our neighborhood to create awareness for our nightclub and bar. Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar is established with the aim of maximizing profits in the nightclub and bar cum entertainment industry and we are going to go all the and juliet practice questions, way to ensure that we do all it takes to attract clients on essay writing contest in malaysia a regular basis. Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar will generate income by offering the following products and services; Music and Dance (live band, karaoke, R B, country side music and jazz et al) Standup Comedy Hall Rental Services for Parties Sales of romeo practice, Beers (Bud Light, Coors Light, Miller Lite, Budweiser, Michelob Ultra-Light, Natural Light, Busch Light, Bush, Redds Apple Ale, Sierra Nevada Pale Ale, Keystone Light, Pabst Blue Ribbon, Bud Light Lime, Bud Light Platinum Lager et al) Sales of Locally Crafted Beers (Pale Beers, Amber Beers, Dark Beers, Hebrew Beers, Gluten Free, Organic Brews, Cider et al) Sales of Assorted Wines Sales of Distilled spirits Sales of Liquor Sales of Martinis Sales of Small Chops Sales of Non – alcoholic beverages Sales of Tobacco. It is important to state that our sales forecast is based on contest the data gathered during our market survey and feasibility studies and also some of the assumptions readily available on romeo the field.

Below is the sales projection based on the location of our nightclub and 600 word term papers bar and all the romeo and juliet practice, products and services we offer; N.B: This projection is done based on what is obtainable in the industry and with the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, assumption that there won’t be any major economic meltdown and romeo practice any major competitor offering same additional services as we do within same location. Please note that the above projection might be lower and at the same time it might be higher. The prices of our Beers, Locally Crafted Beers, Wines, Distilled spirits, Liquor, Martinis, Small chops, Non – alcoholic beverages, and writing Tobacco will be what is obtainable in the market. In fact we will try as much as we can to romeo and juliet questions sell below the industry’s average so as to attract loads of customers. We also have plans in place to discount our products and on friendship services once in a while and also to reward our loyal customers. The prices for gate fees for our special shows such as musical concert and standup comedy show will depend on the caliber of artists that will be performing in the show. Our payment policy is all inclusive because we are quite aware that different people prefer different payment options as it suits them. And Juliet Questions! Here are the payment options that will be available in every of our pub; Payment by cash Payment via Point of Sale (POS) Machine Payment via online bank transfer (online payment portal) Payment via Mobile money. In view of the above, we have chosen banking platforms that will help us achieve our payment plans without any difficulty. Night Club and Bar Business Plan Publicity and how long does it take Advertising Strategy. We know that being in romeo questions the faces of our potentials is one of the keys to really breaking even.

That is exactly what we plan to do. Regardless of the fact that our nightclub and bar is well located in Las Vegas, Nevada, we will still go ahead to rubric for research papers intensify publicity for the business. We are going to explore all available conventional and non – conventional means to promote our retail business. Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar is a standard nightclub and bar hence we will ensure that we create the buzz that will make people in Las Vegas know about us and what we do. We are quite aware that one of the effective ways of promoting our nightclub and bar is to create special internal promotions which in turn will help us achieve our aim of leveraging on and juliet practice questions word of mouth publicity. Here are the platforms we intend leveraging on to promote and advertise Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar; Encourage our loyal customers to help us use Word of Mouth Sponsor relevant community programs Leverage on the internet and 600 word social media platforms like; Instagram, Facebook , twitter, et al to promote our nightclub and bar brand Install our Bill Boards on strategic locations List our nightclub and questions bar in local directories (Yellow Pages) Engage in road show from time to time Distribute our fliers and handbills in target areas Position our Flexi Banners at strategic positions around our bar location.

Start – Up Expenditure (Budget) If you are looking towards starting a nightclub and in malaysia bar business, then you should be ready to go all out to ensure that you raise enough capital to cover some of the basic expenditure that you are going to incur. The truth is that starting this type of business does not come cheap. You would need money to secure a standard facility in a secure environment, you could need money to acquire sound system / public address system and romeo and juliet practice essay questions you would need money to pay your workforce and pay bills for a while until the revenue you generate from the business becomes enough to pay them. Besides it is expensive to acquire a standard facility with enough car parking space. The items listed below are the basics that we would need tick when starting our nightclub and bar business in the United States, although costs might vary slightly; The Total Fee for Registering the 600 word essay term, Business in Las Vegas, Nevada $750. Practice! Legal expenses for obtaining licenses and permits as well as the accounting services totaling $1,200. Marketing promotion expenses (2,000 flyers at $0.04 per copy) for the total amount of $3,580. Cost for it take hiring Business Consultant – $2,500. Insurance (general liability, workers#8217; compensation and property casualty) coverage at a total premium $2,400.

Cost of accounting software, CRM software and Payroll Software $15,000 Cost for payment of rent for romeo practice 12 month at $1.76 per thesis it take square feet in the total amount of $105,600. Cost for facility remodeling $25,000. Other start-up expenses including stationery $500 Phone and utility deposits $2,500 Operational cost for the first 2 months (salaries of employees, payments of bills et al) $60,000 The cost for Start-up inventory $16,027 Storage hardware (bins, utensil rack, shelves, glasses case) $3,720 The cost for counter area equipment (counter top, sink, ice machine, etc.) $9,500 Cost for serving area equipment ( glasses, flatware) $3,000 Cost for store equipment (cash register, security, ventilation, signage) $13,750 The cost for the purchase of furniture and romeo and juliet gadgets (Computers, Printers, Telephone, TVs, Sound System, tables and chairs et al) $4,000. The cost of Launching a Website $600 The cost for our grand opening party $5,000 Miscellaneous $2,500. We would need an estimate of $500,000 to successfully launch our nightclub and thesis_hook_multimedia_box bar in heart of Las Vegas, Nevada. This amount includes the salary of all employees and the CEO (Owner) for 2 months. Generating Funding / Startup Capital for romeo and juliet Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar. Writing For Research Papers! Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar is a private business that is owned by Mr.

Barnabas Duke and he intends to finance the business alone. Although he has plans to make the nightclub and romeo practice questions bar manager part owner of the business after 3 or 5 years of services, but that does not stop him from reserving well over 80 percent stake of the business for himself and his family. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box! Since he is the sole financier of the business, he has decided to adopt the practice questions, following means to generate start – up capital for the business; Generate part of the start – up capital from his personal savings and thesis_hook_multimedia_box sale of his stocks Source for soft loans from family members and friends Apply for loan from romeo and juliet my Banks. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box! N.B: Mr. Barnabas Duke has been able to generate $250,000 the breakdown shows that he generated $150,000 from his personal savings and romeo essay questions sale of papers, his stocks and he generated $100, 000 soft loans from his family members and friends. The balance of $250,000 will be generated as loan facility from his bank. Night Club and Bar Business Plan Sustainability and Expansion Strategy. And Juliet Practice! Part of the grand plan of sustaining Banner Bunny® Nightclub and Bar is to make the nightclub and essay writing contest in malaysia bar manager a part owner of the business.

The truth is that if the owner of the nightclub and bar is not going to be active in the running of the business, the romeo and juliet practice essay questions, chances of his or her staff members defrauding him or her will be higher. From our findings, another factor that kills new business is financial leakages. In order to plug financial leakages, the management of Banner Bunny® Nightclub and essay on friendship analysis Bar will adopt the use of payment machine and and juliet essay accounting software to run the business. In the bid to building a successfully business, we will ensure that all our employees are comfortable and we will provide them with the best of facilities and welfare package that will help them achieve peak performance in all their duties and in turn help the organization achieve its goals and business objectives. Business Name Availability Check: Completed Business Registration: Completed Opening of Corporate Bank Accounts: Completed Securing Point of thesis_hook_multimedia_box, Sales (POS) Machines: Completed Opening Mobile Money Accounts: Completed Opening Online Payment Platforms: Completed Application and Obtaining Tax Payer’s ID: In Progress Application for business license and permit: Completed Purchase of romeo practice questions, Insurance for the Business: Completed Renting of how long does, facility and remodeling the and juliet practice essay questions, facility: In Progress Conducting Feasibility Studies: Completed Generating capital from family members: Completed Applications for Loan from the bank: In Progress Writing of Business Plan: Completed Drafting of Employee’s Handbook: Completed Drafting of Contract Documents and other relevant Legal Documents: In Progress Design of The Company’s Logo: Completed Graphic Designs and Printing of Packaging Marketing / Promotional Materials: In Progress Recruitment of employees: In Progress Purchase of the Needed furniture, electronic appliances, office appliances and bar accessories: In progress Creating Official Website for the Company: Completed Creating Awareness for the business both online and in essay the neighborhood: In Progress Health and Safety and Fire Safety Arrangement (License): Secured Opening party / launching party planning: In Progress Establishing business relationship with vendors – suppliers of all our needed drinks, tobacco and small chops: In Progress.

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olver homework Food history research tips . we make food history fun! Food history research tips basic strategies. What is the history of romeo and juliet essay your favorite food? That depends upon writing rubric for research papers, the food and how deep you want to dig. Take tiramasu. This dish was created in the late 20th century. Practice Essay? You could find a few magazines articles confirming period popularity/origination and writing for research papers, stop there. Practice? Or? You could go the next level and for applied critical, research the recipe based on composition. You would soon discover this dish was based on Victorian-era moulded creams which were based on Colonial-era tipsy cakes which were inspired by romeo questions Renaissance-era trifles.

EVOLUTION VS. Writing Papers? INVENTION. Very few (if any) foods are invented. And Juliet Practice Essay? Most are contemporary twists on traditional themes. Louis Diat's famous Vichysoisse was a childhood favorite. Today's grilled cheese sandwich is connected to ancient cooks who melted cheese on bread. 1950s meatloaf is connected to 600 word essay term, ground cooked meat products promoted at the turn of the practice essay questions 20th century, which are, in essay turn related to ancient Roman minces. Need more? Corn dogs and and juliet practice essay questions, weiner schnitzel. Thesis How Long It Take? French fries and Medieval fritters. New York gyros and Middle Eastern doner kebabs.

Hershey's Kisses and ancient Incan cocoa. Check food history encyclopedias and dictionaries. Standard sources noted here. Cuisine/period cookbooks and history sources may also be helpful. One of the most challenging aspects of recipe research is practice, identifying common themes and thesis_hook_multimedia_box, making connections. A survey of cookbooks through time often reveals similar recipes with different names. A careful inspection of ingredients and cooking instruction confirms or refutes culinary lineage. To complicate matters, variant spellings often appear in older texts.

Of course, the first real appearance of any recipe often predates the romeo and juliet essay questions first occurence of recorded in print by essay writing contest in malaysia several years. 1. Examine old cookbooks. Work your way back from the current recipe. Look for similarities in ingredient and method. Essay Questions? BEWARE. Recipes change names. 2. Research the history of each ingredient.

Old world or new? Rare commodity or common ingredient? Apple pie is an American icon, but apples aren't native to essay term papers, our country. Tomato sauce is the cornerstone of many popular Italian dishes, but these fruits (as they are botanically classed) weren't known to and juliet essay, Europe until the 16th century. West African Lemony Chicken Okra Soup. Some foods (rice, beans, pork, bread, soup) are nearly ubiquitious. These recipes evolved according to ingredient availability, technological advancement, and local taste. If the product is still being made, start with the writing papers U.S. Patent Trademark Office database.

This provides the date of first introduction, original manufacturer and (usually) current trademark holder. Romeo? Corporate biographies, article databases, product histories, and company Web sites often provide details on the product's introduction, market strategy, consumer trends, variations (the iterations of Oreos), packaging, and how long does, pricing. And Juliet Practice? Anniversary articles (100th anniversary of Jell-0 celebrated in 600 word papers 1997) often provide excellent overviews. Family favorites can sometimes be recovered. Romeo And Juliet? It is very helpful if you have some idea of recipe origination: cookbook, magazine article, newspaper clipping, radio/television show, back of the box, contest winner? Where did the cook usually get her recipes? Where and when (1930s Quebec) is thesis_hook_multimedia_box, important for tracking local fare. The cook's ethnic heritage (Polish Jew, French Canadian, West African) is crucial for locating grandmother's traditional recipes. Sources: old cookbooks, recipe exchanges, community cokbooks, period magazines local newpapers. Signature recipes from famous restaurants fall into three categories: 1. Practice Questions? Authentic Selected signature recipes released by the restaurant and/or copyright owners. These are found restaurant cookbooks, proprietior's/head chef's memoirs, and granted publication by heirs to restaurant biographers and journalists.

Example? Brennan's Bananas Foster. 2. KopyKat Recreations based on memory. Essay On Friendship Analysis? Some of and juliet practice questions these can be pretty accurate, depending upon the culinary finesse of the recreator. These recipes circulate freely on the Internet and are easy to find. Essay On Friendship Analysis? In Chasen's case it's Liz Taylor's favorite chili.

Some CopyKat recipe collections are on the Internet. Romeo Practice Questions? Others are printed in books. 3. Unavailable. Writing? Period. End of essay story. Many beloved Horn Hardart recipes fall into this category. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box? Also included in practice this category: Kentucky Derby Pie, Colonel Sander's Kentucky Fried Chicken, and the original (pre U-Bet) chocolate sauce used for Brooklyn egg creams. TOOLS OF THE TRADE.

Researching the essay in malaysia history of a specific cuisine, recipe, food, or product often requires using a variety of sources to develop a complete and practice essay questions, accurate picture. Depending upon the question, the thesis_hook_multimedia_box answer may require: Culinary history encyclopedias and dictionaries : basic overview. Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and romeo and juliet practice, Drink in America /Smith, Oxford Companion to 600 word term, Food /Davidson, An A to questions, Z of Food and for applied thinking, Drink /Ayto, Cambridge World History of Food /Kiple Ornelas, Food in the Ancient World from essay A to Z /Dalby, History of Food /Toussaint-Samat, The Encyclopedia of American Food and thesis does, Drink /Mariani, American Century Cookbook /Anderson. Dictionaries phrase books: first recorded print evidence, word history, regional placement. Oxford English Dictionary , Dictionary of romeo essay questions Americanisms /Mitford, Dictionary of American Regional English /Cassidy, I Hear America Talking /Flexner Food biographies: history and evolution of papers a specific commodity or recipe. The Story of Corn /Fussell, The Tomato in romeo and juliet questions America /Smith, The True History of essay writing Chocolate /Coe, A Social History of Tea /Pettigrew, Uncommon Grounds: The History of romeo practice essay questions Coffee and rubric, How it Transformed our World /Pendergrast. Identify titles with the Library of Congress catalog. Your librarian can help you obtain the books. Culinary history texts : period and/or place specific. America's First Cuisines /Coe, Food and romeo practice essay, Feast in Tudor England /Sim, Food in Early Modern Europe /Albala, A Historical Dictionary of Indian Food /K.T.

Achaya, Food and Drink in term papers Britain: From the Stone Age fo the 19th Century /Wilson, Classic Russian Cooking /Toomre, Jewish Cooking in romeo and juliet practice essay questions America /Nathan Business history sources : company/brand histories, advertising campaigns. How Products are Made , Encyclopedia of Consumer Brands , Databases indexes: recipes, product introductions/anniversaries, prices. magazine/newspaper/trade journal databases are great places to thesis it take, find lost recipes. Ask your librarian about access. New York Times Historic , EBSCO's Masterfile , ProQuest's NewsStand , and Factiva . Scanned newspapers ( Proquest Historic , NewspaperArchive.com , local collections include advertisements, making them best sources for romeo and juliet practice questions, retrieving recipes published in food ads, commercial product names, and thesis_hook_multimedia_box, historic prices. Government documents: patents, trademarks (product introduction date), recipes, prices. U.S. And Juliet Essay Questions? Patent and Trademark Office, U.S. Dept. Of Agriculture, Botanical/agricultural texts : crop origins, evolution, and 600 word term, dispersal.

Origin of and juliet essay Cultivated Plants /De Candolle Academic references: scholarly research on thesis does, specific foods, historic foodways, scientific process, etc. JSTOR , Dissertation Abstracts , Historical Abstracts , America: History Life , Sociological Abstracts , Agricola Primary sources: period cookbooks, company brochures, menus, grocers handbooks, diaries, store ledgers, photographs newspaper ads. Libraries, museums, historical societies, living history museums industry/company archives. Outstanding culinary history library collections (U.S.): Harvard/Schlesinger, University of questions Pennsylvania, Cornell University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Iowa, Michgan State University, New York Academy of Medicine, New York Public Library, Los Angeles Public Library The Culinary Intitute of America (Hyde Park). Experts: request guidance, confirm facts. Culinary researchers, foodways curators, chefs, professors, government officials, corporate information officers, book authors, historical reenactors (Society for Creative Anachronism=Medieval food specialists). Internet: product histories, primary documents, recipe exchanges. These are uploaded by food manufacturers, research institutions, food media sites, and private individuals. Personal research: interviews, investigations, redactions, and tastings.

Sometimes the thesis does it take answer to a food history question is straightforward and easy to and juliet practice essay, confirm (the ingredients of the original Dagwood sandwich). Other times the answer is a tasty puzzle (Club sandwiches) with conflicting pieces. And then? There are questions for which there are no satisfactory answers (Who named the monkey dish?). There are times when the best one can do is on friendship analysis, assemble as much information as possible and make educated guesses based on practice, supporting historical evidence. Croissants, ice cream cones, pink lemonade. culinary lore abounds. In short, food history is emerson, not a piece of cake. Need to construct a more detailed/updated new food product timeline?

There are several sources you can use to construct your own food product timeline. Sources vary according to romeo and juliet essay questions, your definition of food invention (brand new product, or variation of how long does it take extant line (mini oreos) and purpose of your project. Yes, this is practice questions, research! If you need new USA commercial food products, year-by-year we suggest you check: Newspaper article databases. . keyword search new food or the manufacturer's name with the thesis_hook_multimedia_box word new [kellogg's and new]. There you will get new product announcements, advertising notes marketing strategy. Ask local public librarian how to access. Company webs.

. some offer company history/timeline detailing major innovations new products. And Juliet Practice? Press release archives announce new items. US Patent Trademark Office. . search by company (owner/patent assignee) or classification/limit by date). Commerical market research reports. . expensive! NPD Foodworld is emerson on friendship, one of the most well known. Published reports are not available in public libraries. Newproductsonline.com. . trade journal devoted to Food Beverage industries. Romeo And Juliet Practice? Trade shows.

. google (trade show food) to identify shows featuring new food products innovations. Some food categories have their own associations trade show. EX: Snack Food Association. If you're looking for restaurant food innovations trends, The National Restaurant Organization is your best bet for data. How do recipes get their names? How are recipes named? Great question with several answers. Rubric? Recipe names celebrate, commemorate, elucidate, and entice. Recipes are named by and juliet practice chefs, restauranteurs, food companies, test kitchens, home cooks and contest winners. Recipes named for people generally fall into two categories: celebrities and family members/frequent patrons of the chef/restaurant owner. Consider:

People (Lobster Newberg, Reuben Sandwiches, Chicken Tetrazzini, Fettuccini Alfredo) Places (New England Clam Chowder, Manhattans, Rocky Mountain Oysters, Waldorf Salad, Dover Sole, Frankfurters) Events (Chicken Marengo, Coronation Chicken, Earthquake Cake) Cooking method (Coq au vin, Fondue, New England Boiled Dinner, Tuna Noodle Casserole, Flower Pot Bread, Corned Beef) Classic French designations (Florentine=spinach, Poivrode=black pepper, Chiffonade=thin cut slices) Descriptive (Asparagus with Hollandaise Sauce, Fried Onion Burgers, Memphis Dry Ribs, Chilled Cucumber Soup) Ethnic/cultural attributions (Irish Soda Bread, German Potato Salad, French Dressing, Russian Tea) Company promotions (Knox Perfection Salad, Nestle Toll House Chocolate Chip Cookies, Kool-Aid Pickles) Shape (Flat-iron steak, Grape Tomatoes, Lemon Squares) Texture (Cream cheese, Mille Feuilles, Wilted lettuce, Fruit Leather, Chiffon Pie)

Looks Like (Ciabbata=slipper, Elephant Ears, Cats Tongues/langues de chat, Mud Pie, Ox Eyes) Tastes Like (Mock Apple pie, Mock turtle soup) Foreign Indigenous borrowings (Barbecue, Waffles, Kabobs, Quesadillas, Yogurt, Escabeche, Jambalaya, Sofki) Body parts (Head Cheese, Pigs Feet, Ox Tails, Spare Ribs) Flavors (Sweet Sour Pork, Pepper Steak, Honey Mustard) Key ingredient (Tapioca Pudding, Beef a la Mode, Chicken Salad, Cornbread, Key Lime Pie, Navy Bean Soup, Gingerbread) Contests (SPAM, Tunnel of Fudge)

Holidays (Christmas Pudding, Easter Ham, New Year Cookies) Origin stories (Ice Cream Sundaes, S'Mores) Intrigue (Impossible Pie, Zombies, Wacky Cake, Rocky Road, Red Velvet Cake, Pop Rocks) I have an old cook book without a cover or title page, is there a way to identify it? If your cook book has no standard identifying standard marks (title page, publishers marking/imprint, author, location) you might still be able to identify it.

We find books like this from time to time. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box? Physical description notes in romeo and juliet practice catalogs of writing rubric for research major collections (national libraries, university libraries, special collections housed in romeo and juliet essay questions archives and museums) are gold. Take a physical inventory: number of pages (including any frontispiece material, last numbered page) and for research, actual size (height, width, depth). Include any blank pages bound in the volume, noting where they appear. Check the physical printing/paper used. The older the practice essay book, the more pourous the paper. Ink itself may appear imprinted deeply. Typeface offers clues, as well as typographic conventions (18th c. sometimes adds marks at the bottom of right-hand page to indicate recipe is continued on the next page).

As a general rule, the older the writing rubric book, the romeo essay questions better the quality paper more likely it is to be in excellent readable shape. Illustrations? If so, where of what? Arrangement: index in front or back? How are the recipes grouped? Is there an introduction? Advertisements included? Special section devoted to essay term papers, invalid, Lenten, medicinal, food preservation recipes? Recipes: Title, ingredients, method and presentation offer the best clues for approximate dating. Romeo And Juliet Questions? Subtle nuances of method for popular recipes (macaroons, sally lunn, c.) are key for tracing evolution ultimately dating the item.

If your book is rubric for research, completely manuscript (hand written) then recipes are your best clues. Also. where/when was the item purchased. Can you trace to possible original owner (either documented or by inference)? Cook books used in Early America were published in Europe and major urban American centers: New York., Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore. Recipes in those days were often copied verbatim from one author to romeo and juliet practice essay, another (forget trademark infringement!). Please note: many popular cook books through time offer several editions, revisions, publishers, and authors. We would be happy to help you determine an contest approximate date/identify your cookbook if you are willing to share information outlined above. It would also help if you could scan a few sample pages with the popular recipes.

Who knows? We might be able to match it up! I have a manuscript cook book. How can I tell how old it is? Manuscript cook books are indeed rare and romeo practice essay, special finds. Decoding origins pose interesting challenges. As we turn the pages of this very personal piece of history, we wonder: who wrote this book and why? Recipe measures (butter the size of a walnut, No.

2 cans), cooking instructions (until done, hot oven) and kitchen tools (hoops, Mary Ann pans) are standard tools for identifying general period. Provenance: Where did you find this book? If it's a family heirloom then a genealogy search may be helpful. Are there any personal names (first, last) referenced in the text? (Aunt Hatties Fruit Cake). Inscriptions ownership (for my daughter on her wedding, Mary's book) suggest intent and writing, purpose.

My grandmother's manuscript book reads: Laura R. Crystal, 7B, Domestic Science. I know she attended NYC public schools. Did 7B mean 7th grade, B section? If so, birth year might determine approximate year of this book. Newspaper clipping from the New York Herald c. Practice Essay? 1916 may have been placed there at term papers, the time of writing or later. Physical properties: paper, cover ink. Are the practice questions pages supple or brittle, is the ink readable or fading? Is pencil used? If items are inserted/attached to the book, do they provide clues? (Old newspapers clippings, corporate cooking brochures, scraps of emerson essay on friendship paper attached with steel pins).

Does the and juliet practice questions book have a hard or soft cover? Is the binding sewn or glued? Size of book (physical dimensions). Thesis_hook_multimedia_box? Is it pocket size (suggests gift, or used in the kitchen) or oversized (suggests student's copy homework). Are the pages in pristine condition or are they stained sticky? Professional appraisers and/or members of the Antiquarian American Booksellers Association are qualified to romeo and juliet essay questions, do this. Handwriting: Is the handwriting consistent throughout the manuscript? If there are multiple handwriting samples, it suggests the book was added to by other people. Contest In Malaysia? Or--added to when the romeo practice questions author was older.

Our handwriting ages with us. How many colors of ink are used? Are there illustrations? If so, do they depict the recipe (drawing of center corn stick pan) or are they doodles, underlines, fanciful recipe headers? Spelling counts! Cocoanut was a common term in the 19th century. It switched to coconut in and juliet practice questions the early 20th century.

Gelatine and Vitamines precede gelatin and vitamin. Order of recipes: is there a table of contents index? Are the analysis recipes grouped by primary ingredient, meal placement or alphabetically? (suggests book was copied directly from another source or well planned compilation of family favorites). If the recipes appear random order (meat, cake, pie, vegetable) it may suggest they were copied because they were favorites of the author or a school assignment (writing sample and/or cooking lesson). Recipe matching: both manuscript published cookbooks borrowed recipes regularly from each other. Finding an exact recipe match may help narrow the date range. MSU's Feeding America Digital Cook Books offer several early American cook books, browsable by romeo and juliet date/type and searchable by writing rubric for research recipe name/ingredient. Placing the book. Look for indigenous ingredients, references to local markets or landmarks. Inserts (newspaper clippings) may provide clues.

Standard scholarly protocol for examining/reading manuscript cook books for presentation to questions, modern audiences includes: A. Complete list of recipes. cross indexed by 600 word essay type. B. List of ingredients. Essay? indicating frequency of reference. This suggests items commonly used by 600 word papers the author/readily available. C. Cooking terms instructions. bake, fry, until done. D. Romeo And Juliet Essay? Weights Measures. butter the essay writing in malaysia size of a walnut, 3 pounds flour.

E. Headnotes introduction. author, provenance, how obtained. F. Transcription original images. exact transcription vs slightly redacted to assist modern readers. G. Glossary. archaic terms (pie plant, paper of cornstarch) radically different/variant spellings require explanation. H. Modernized recipes. nice addition of the book is romeo practice essay, intended for general readers/home cooks. How Long It Take? If you do not have culinary training, hire a professional recipe developer to supply workable directions. Want to recreate these old recipes? Our notes on romeo essay, interepreting adapting vintage recipes. How much is my old cook book worth? The Food Timeline DOES NOT provide valuing services. Those services are provided by professional antiquarian booksellers, licensed appraisers, and auction houses.

Free online sources for emerson, approximate values are used booksellers (Alibris, AbeBooks, UsedBookCentral, etc.) and EBay. Antique Trader's Collectible Cookbooks Price Guide /Patricia Edwards Peter Peckham, provides price ranges for practice, selected popular American books. Used/old book stores often have sections devoted to essay term, cookooks; check to see what the going retail rate is. Romeo Practice Essay Questions? Check item carefully for thesis does it take, year published and edition. Please note: the romeo and juliet practice questions value of old cook books, like anything else, is based on what buyers are willing to emerson on friendship, pay. And Juliet Practice Essay? Most mass produced cookbooks from the 20th century have low value on the open market. Of course, there are exceptions. Autographed copies, first editions, limited or special editions, are generally worth more than subsequent counterparts. Pre-20th century cookbooks generally have more value because they are harder to find. In all cases, condition of the does item plays a key role in determing value.

Original binding, covers, dust jackets, no missing pages, no writing (unless the owner was famous), no stains or obvious wear. Whether you're selling or buying, it pays to do your homework! Who designates national food days? National days (food or otherwise) are declared by one of three sources: 1. Federal government (USA=Presidential Executive Order (EO) or Dept. of Commerce) designating a day, week, month dedicated to a particular topic. There is practice questions, no limit to the number of thesis_hook_multimedia_box EO in romeo and juliet practice essay questions any given month. Writing Rubric For Research? Topics are selected by legislators and organizations who want to promote awareness (School Lunch Month) or economic activity (a food designation generally promotes folks engaged in romeo agriculture, transportation, retail and/or foodservice). EOs can be issued annually (Thanksgiving Proclamation) or one time. EO online. 2. Industry associations declare national days to thesis_hook_multimedia_box, promote products. Romeo And Juliet? Example: National Sandwich Day.

3. Companies declare national days to promote their products. Example: Iced Tea Week. 4. Charities not-for-profit organizations. Example: the original Doughnut Day. Tools for research: 1. Essay Writing Contest? Chase's Calendar of Annual Events (found in and juliet practice questions many public libraries, but it is a challenge to find a library with a backrun). Entries are arranged by day, indexed by title and subject. Entries provide information regarding the emerson essay originator of the day.

Use Chases to romeo and juliet essay questions, track first and last instance of a particular day. This is interesting and writing papers, detailed research because some national days actually change date and romeo practice essay, sponsor. 2. Historic newspapers (National and local) are great sources for announcements and it take, details, especially regarding ad campaigns and/or contests. Your local librarian can help you access. 3. NOTE: Many national food move throughout the calendar through time. Romeo Practice Questions? Today's first Friday in June might have been last Tuesday in October back in the day. Likewise, sponsorships and purposes can change from original intent to current mode.

How do I become a food historian? Food historian is a niched career field. That's why you won't find information on what we do and where we work using standard career reference sources. While some schools (universities/culinary arts schools) offer classes in critical food history studies, there is no certification or specific degree for this career. [NOTE: some universities offer graduate degrees in gastronomy.] Many practictioners (but not all) have college/advanced degrees. These degrees center on history, anthropology, women's studies, English literature, sociology and library science. We are drawn to food history for different reasons. In some cases, food history chose us. Please note: many professional food historians have full-time day jobs to pay the bills. Where do food historians work? Universities: professors of antholopology, history, food/culinary science, sociology, women's studies Libraries: Schlesigner/Harvard, UIowa, Michigan State, Johnson Wales, New York Public, CIA Living history museums: Colonial Williamsburg, Monticello, Old Sturbridge Village Foodservice: historic inspired restaurants catering services Publishing (academic, consumer trade publications in and juliet questions print/e-media): editors, authors, fact checkers, content providers Private consultants, freelance authors, entrepreneurs: historic cooking classes, media consulting (theatre props, television shows), presenting speeches to thesis_hook_multimedia_box, organzations etc.

Corporations: archivists preserving company heritage: General Mills, Coca Cola. Culinary history organizations meet in some cities. They offer educational programs, topical lectures and romeo essay questions, excellent networking opportunities. Writing? Some food historians join the International Association of and juliet practice essay Culinary Professionals (IACP). Writing Contest? This organization offers a food history roundtable. It also manages the Culinary Trust, a non-profit organization devoted to preserving our culinary treasures and promoting scholarly research projects. What's the difference between a food historian and romeo essay, a culinary historian? The latter is also a professionally trained chef. 600 Word Papers? The first group can study it; the second group can actually cook it. And Juliet Practice Questions? More or less. Who is Lynne Olver?

A food historian with a masters in library science, Lynne created the Food Timeline in March 1999 and over the next 14 years welcomed 35 million readers and, at no charge to anyone, answered 25 thousand questions. She worked regularly with students, teachers, media, culinary professionals, cook book authors/editors,living history museums, and the general public worldwide providing original content, background material, fact checking services, and document delivery. She was regularly tapped by journalists writing for essay writing contest, the Wall Street Journal , New York Times , NPR, America's Test Kitchens , Cooks Illustrated , Sunset , and Saveur . The Food Timeline was awarded Saveur 100 recognition (2004). Details on the FT's origin and evolution chronicled by Heritage Radio (Brooklyn NY) Culinary Types/TW Barritt. Ms. Romeo And Juliet Practice Essay? Olver was a contributor to 600 word essay term, the Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and romeo practice essay questions, Drink in America (Second Breakfast, Mock Foods) and Gastronomica The Truth About Clams Casino. She herself said Note: Ms. Olver is not a chef.

Culinary training (if you call it that!) was a 4 year stint as a short order cook in college. She is an intuitive cook who views recipes as starting points for personal inspiration. Her dishes have no recipes, no names. Writing Contest? Some work out better than others. None of them can be replicated. If we're lucky, life gives us a few delicious chances to experiment. When the results taste good, huzzah!

Her FoodTimeline library owned 2300+ books, hundreds of 20th century USA food company brochures, dozens of vintage magazines ( Good Housekeeping , American Cookery , Ladies Home Journal c.) Lynne Olver died April 14, 2015, age 57.

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1986 ap us dbq essay Here we go again! . Romeo And Juliet! some general comments about the writing of these particular DBQ history essays. The following are general comments and that or may not apply to your paper. Keep them in mind when you write history essays in the future. Watch out for “listing” Remember that the readers have their antenna out for finding the thesis how long, “List” DBQs, because that is one of the romeo and juliet practice essay questions, cardinal sins of DBQ – just going down the documents making comments on each one. When you decide to start your essay with a discussion of Document A – you are making your essay appear as one of those list essays. This is not to say that it is wrong to do this – it is to say that you should be aware of it – why start with consumerism? For that matter, why start with a manifestation of the tension – why not start with a cause? I don’t know what English teachers would advise here, but there is a distinct over use of the article “the” in some essays. Here are some of the more egregious examples: . (about the KKK) any members felt threatened by the new cultures. . One of that largest influences on the changing roles for women was brought about by the electrification of emerson on friendship, America, with the new appliances the everyday house work became much easier and advertising continually targeted these women with the latest appliances. . With shorter skirts, and bobbed hair, the women were rebellious in their ways. . And Juliet! The last thing that created tension between classes and 600 word essay papers, generations was the new place of the black man. Romeo And Juliet! The problem with the last example is that it infers there was only one black man…..

Religion as cause of the tension of the 20s. Many essays claimed that religion was the source of tension – was it? Or rather was it just the manner in which the tension manifest itself? Darwin wrote in the 1850s – why is essay term, it that the 1920s saw the debate in public schools concerning his theories? It has much more to do with the 20s than it has to do with the theory of evolution. Consider for example the romeo and juliet questions, correct debate over “intelligent design”. Why is that a debate now but not ten years ago? This is the most important part of center thinking, document based questions and there is an alarming numbers of romeo and juliet practice questions, essays who use the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, documents at face value and do no analysis at and juliet practice all. Here are some thoughts concerning the documents.

The KKK was not happy with the Harlem Renaissance… Doesn't everyone know that the KKK was upset at the Harlem Renaissance? But my guess is that most members never heard of it. Thesis It Take! The Harlem Renaissance was something labeled by historians. It is not as if the average person in Indiana read the headline in his newspaper “Renaissance hits Harlem; continued outbreaks of Jazz and and juliet essay questions, literature reported”. It is clear that many of you are not reading the documents, or rather not really reading them for what they say. Look at how the author in Doc D says the KKK wants a “return of power” to papers the “everyday” people, who are the “entirely unspoiled”. This means that these people feel that they have lost something. Then he goes on to say who they want power returned from. Did you notice that he does not mention African-Americans? He wants power back from the romeo practice essay questions, “highly cultured” or “overly intellectualized”.

In one sense this has nothing to do with black people at all. It may have something to contest in malaysia do with you. Yes you as a student in and juliet questions, AP History would be hated by thesis how long the KKK regardless of the color of practice, your skin or your religious affiliation. In the eyes of Hiram Evans, you are “intellectually mongrelized “liberals” If you use Langston Hughes’s document for support that there was a Harlem Renaissance, you have not ana lyzed the document. Take a look at it again – can you see that he is criticizing culture in a manner similar to Sinclair Lewis in Doc A? This was often misused or under used – it is essay writing in malaysia, not just evidence that there were people who tried to stop smoking. You could explore the romeo practice questions, fact that these were women – for every flapper, there is a women like this trying to stop women from smoking. Or why not talk about the fact that drinking was already outlawed, the center critical, conservative forces were still at work, now they were after smoking. Or perhaps the counter-intuitive notion that women voting (which was a liberal idea) would result in questions, a conservative movement. Documents are Opinions.

I don’t think I can say this enough – you must learn this and take it to heart – it is essential. Documents are opinions . They are not statements of fact. Documents are Opinions Part II. (this is copied from the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, comments associated with a previous DBQ) Do not use the documents to establish fact at all. Romeo And Juliet Essay Questions! Every document is the example of essay writing contest in malaysia, a different perspective, nothing more. Perhaps you have been in the habit of taking the text book as fact and therefore believe that these documents must be fact also. Here is an practice essay, example (extreme though it may be) of the danger of this approach. This self-sacrificing will to give one's personal labor and if necessary one's own life for others is most strongly developed in the Aryan.

The Aryan is not greatest in essay in malaysia, his mental qualities as such, but in the extent of romeo practice, his willingness to put all his abilities in the service of the community. In him the instinct of self-preservation has reached the noblest form, since he willingly subordinates his own ego to-the life of the community and, if the hour demands, even sacrifices it. The Aryan race is thesis_hook_multimedia_box, more generous that any other race on earth. See the trouble with that? Great example of an opening paragraph. In the 1920’s American entered an era in which Americans had to cope with drastic economical, social, and romeo and juliet practice questions, cultural changes. The booming economy, growth of big businesses, rise of in malaysia, advertisements, and the introduction of the automobile and radio, all contributed to the new consumerist attitude of the American people. During this period, electricity powered most homes, wages were higher, and working hours lowered, all improved the and juliet, standard of living for most Americans.

Traditional religious values were challenged by for research papers a changing society and cases such as the Scopes trial grabbed national attention. Groups such as the KKK gained popularity and women and African-Americans found new ways to and juliet practice identify themselves. Cities became social and cultural focal points and by the end of the decade most Americans lived in urban areas. The nation was changing in more ways than ever before and thesis_hook_multimedia_box, Americans either coped with the change or fought against it. The thriving economy, improved standard of living, and new urban culture all led to tension between the old and new attitudes, and was manifested in romeo and juliet essay, the arts, group movements, political trials, and in all other aspects of society.

Another great example of an thesis_hook_multimedia_box, opening paragraph. Practice! The 1920s were a time of incredible social change, and inevitably incredible social change engenders reaction. The rapid urbanization of the late nineteenth and contest, early twentieth centuries produced much tension between those who deplored the new image of women, dreaded immigration, and tried to guard religion from the rapid onset of science – most typically native-born Protestants in rural areas – and those who resented the Victorian moralism of the previous generation, fought Prohibition, and practice, embraced the new mass culture – often young liberals, intellectuals, and for applied, musicians from urban areas. Thus, the main causes of tension were the discrepancy between rural and urban America, and clashing values, and the tension manifested itself in court cases, anti-immigration measures, and and juliet practice essay, the actions of organizations and for applied, people, from the Ku Klux Klan to Sinclair Lewis.

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conclusions essay INTRODUCTIONS, AND CONCLUSIONS. Adapted from Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum , 6th Edition. By Laurence Behrens and Leonard J. Rosen. New York: HarperCollins, 1997. Pp. 32-58. A thesis statement is a one-sentence summary of a paper's content.

It is practice questions, similar, actually, to a paper's conclusion but lacks the 600 word, conclusion's concern for broad implications and significance. For a writer in the drafting stages, the thesis establishes a focus, a basis on romeo and juliet practice which to include or exclude information. For the emerson essay on friendship, reader of a finished product, the thesis anticipates the and juliet practice, author's discussion. A thesis statement, therefore, is an essential tool for both writers and readers of academic material . This last sentence is our thesis for this section. Writing! Based on this thesis, we, as the authors, have limited the content of the section; and you, as the reader, will be able to romeo and juliet practice essay form certain expectations about the discussion that follows. You can expect a definition of a thesis statement; an enumeration of the emerson essay on friendship, uses of a thesis statement; and a discussion focused on academic material. As writers, we will have met our obligations to you only if in practice, subsequent paragraphs we satisfy these expectations. The Components of a Thesis. Like any other sentence, a thesis includes a subject and a predicate, which consists of an assertion about the subject. In the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, sentence Lee and Grant were different kinds of generals, Lee and Grant is the subject and were different kinds of generals is the predicate. What distinguishes a thesis statement from any other sentence with a subject and predicate is the thesis statement statement's level of generality and the care with which you word the assertion . The subject of a thesis must present the right balance between the general and the specific to allow for a thorough discussion within the allotted length of the paper.

The discussion might include definitions, details, comparisons contrasts - whatever is needed to illuminate a subject and carry on an intelligent conversation. (If the sentence about Lee and Grant were a thesis, the romeo and juliet, reader would assume that the rest of the essay contained comparisons and contrasts between the two generals.) Bear in mind when writing thesis statements that the more general your subject and the more complex your assertion, the longer your paper will be. For instance, you could not write an effective ten-page paper based on the following: Democracy is the best system of government. Consider the subject of this sentence, democracy, and emerson essay on friendship analysis the assertion of its predicate, is the best system of government. The subject is enormous in scope; it is a general category composed of questions hundreds of more specific sub-categories, each of which would be appropriate for a paper ten pages in length. Emerson On Friendship Analysis! The predicate of romeo and juliet essay questions our example is also a problem, for center for applied the claim that democracy is the best system of government would be simplistic unless accompanied by a thorough, systematic, critical evaluation of every form of government yet devised. Romeo And Juliet Practice Questions! A ten-page paper governed by such a thesis simply could not achieve the level of detail and sophistication expected of college students.

Limiting the Scope of the writing rubric for research papers, Thesis. Before you can write an effective thesis and thus a controlled, effective paper, you need to limit your intended discussions by questions, limiting your subject and papers your claims about it. Two strategies for and juliet practice achieving a thesis statement of manageable proportions are (1) to begin with a working thesis (this strategy assumes that you are familiar with your topic) and (2) to begin with a broad area of interest and narrow it (this strategy assumes that you are unfamiliar with your topic). Begin with a Working Thesis. Professionals thoroughly familiar with a topic often begin writing with a clear thesis in mind - a happy state of affairs unfamiliar to most college students who are assigned term papers. But professionals usually have an thesis_hook_multimedia_box, important advantage over students: experience.

Because professionals know their material, are familiar with the ways of romeo approaching it, are aware of the questions important to practitioners, and have devoted considerable time to study of the topic, they are naturally in a strong position to begin writing a paper. Not only do professionals have experience in their fields, but they also have a clear purpose in thesis it take, writing; they know their audience and are comfortable with the format of their papers. Experience counts - there's no way around it. As a student, you are not yet an expert and therefore don't generally have the luxury of practice beginning your writing tasks with a definite thesis in mind. Once you choose and devote time to center for applied thinking a major field of and juliet essay study, however, you will gain experience. In the meantime, you'll have to do more work than the professional to prepare yourself for writing a paper. But let's assume that you do have an area of expertise, that you are in your own right a professional (albeit not in academic matters). We'll assume that you understand your nonacademic subject - say, backpacking - and have been given a clear purpose for writing: to discuss the relative merits of backpack designs.

Your job is to write a recommendation for the owner of writing contest a sporting-goods chain, suggesting which line of backpacks the chain should carry. The owner lives in another city, so your remarks have to be written. Since you already know a good deal about backpacks, you may already have some well-developed ideas on the topic before you start doing additional research. Yet even as an expert in your field, you will find that beginning the writing task is a challenge, for at this point it is unlikely that you will be able to conceive a thesis perfectly suited to the contents of your paper. After all, a thesis statement is and juliet practice essay questions, a summary, and it is thesis_hook_multimedia_box, difficult to summarize a presentation yet to be written - especially if you plan to discover what you want to say during the questions, process of writing.

Even if you know your material well, the best you can do at the early stages is to formulate a working thesis - a hypothesis of sorts, a well-informed hunch about your topic and the claim to be made about it. Once you have completed a draft, you can evaluate the degree to which your working thesis accurately summarizes the writing in malaysia, content of your paper. 1 If the match is a good one, the working thesis becomes the and juliet practice essay questions, thesis statement. If, however, sections of the paper drift from the focus set out in the working thesis, you'll need to revise the thesis and the paper itself to ensure that the presentation is 600 word essay papers, unified. (You'll know that the match between the content and thesis is a good one when every paragraph directly refers to and develops some element of the thesis.) Begin with a Subject and and juliet Narrow It. Let's assume that you have moved from making recommendations about writing, backpacks (your territory) to writing a paper for your government class (your professor's territory). And Juliet Practice Essay! Whereas you were once the critical thinking, professional who knew enough about your subject to begin writing with a working thesis, you are now the romeo and juliet essay, student, inexperienced and in need of a great deal of information before you can begin begin to think of thesis statements. It may be a comfort to know that your government professor would likely be in the same predicament if asked to recommend backpack designs. He would need to spend several weeks, at least, backpacking to critical become as experienced as you; and it is fair to say that you will need to spend several hours in romeo and juliet questions, the library before you are in a position to thesis_hook_multimedia_box choose a topic suitable for an undergraduate paper. Suppose you have been assigned a ten-page paper in and juliet essay questions, Government 104, a course on writing contest in malaysia social policy. Not only romeo questions, do you not have a thesis - you don't have a subject!

Where will you begin? First, you need to select a broad area of interest and make yourself knowledgeable about its general features. What if no broad area of interest occurs to you? Don't despair - there's usually a way to essay contest make use of discussions you've read in and juliet practice essay, a text or heard in writing, a lecture. The trick is to find a topic that can become personally important, for whatever reason. (For a paper in your biology class, you might write on the digestive system because a relative has stomach troubles. For an economics seminar, you might explore the essay, factors that threaten banks with collapse because your grandparents lost their life savings during the Great Depression.) Whatever the academic discipline, try to discover a topic that you'll enjoy exploring; that way, you'll be writing for yourself as much as for your professor.

Some specific strategies to try if no topics occur to for applied critical thinking you: Review material covered during the semester, class by class if need be; review the semester's readings, actually skimming each assignment. Choose any subject that has held your interest, if even for a moment, and use that as your point of departure. Suppose you've reviewed each of your classes and and juliet questions recall that a lecture on AIDS aroused your curiosity. Your broad subject of interest, then, will be AIDS. At this point, the emerson essay on friendship analysis, goal of romeo and juliet essay questions your research is to limit this subject to a manageable scope.

Although your initial, broad subject will often be more specific than our example, AIDS, we'll assume for the purposes of essay writing in malaysia discussion the most general case (the subject in greatest need of limiting). A subject can be limited in at and juliet practice, least two ways. First, a general article like an encyclopedia entry may do the work for you by presenting the subject in the form of an outline, with each item in 600 word essay term, the outline representing a separate topic (which, for your purposes, may need further limiting). Second, you can limit a subject by asking several questions about it: These questions will occur to you as you conduct your research and see the ways in which various authors have focused their discussions. Having read several sources and having decided that you'd like to practice use them, you might limit the subject AIDS by asking who - AIDS patients; and essay on friendship which aspect - civil rights of romeo essay questions AIDS patients. Certainly, the civil rights of AIDS patients offers a more specific focus than does AIDS; still, the revised focus is 600 word term, too broad for a ten-page paper in that a comprehensive discussion would obligate you to romeo and juliet review numerous particular rights. So again you must try to limit your subject by posing a question. In this particular case, which aspects (of the civil rights of 600 word term papers AIDS patients) can be asked a second time. Essay! Six aspects may come to mind: Rights in the workplace Rights to hospital care Rights to insurance benefits Rights to essay writing in malaysia privacy Rights to fair housing Rights to education.

Any one of these aspects could provide the romeo questions, focus of a ten-page paper, and center critical thinking you do yourself an important service by choosing one, perhaps two, of the romeo essay, aspects; to choose more would obligate you to too broad a discussion and you would frustrate yourself: Either the paper would have to be longer than ten pages or, assuming you kept to the page limit, the paper would be superficial in its treatment. In both instances, the paper would fail, given the constraints of the assignment. So it is far better that you limit your subject ahead of time, before you attempt to write about writing rubric for research, it. Let's assume that you settle on the following as an romeo, appropriately defined subject for a ten-page paper: the rights of AIDS patients in the workplace. The process of narrowing an initial subject depends heavily upon the reading you do. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box! The more you read, the deeper your understanding of and juliet practice essay a topic. The deeper your understanding, the likelier it will be that you can divide a broad and complex topic into manageable - that is, researchable - categories.

Identify these categories that compose the larger topic and contest pursue one of romeo essay them. In the AIDS example, your reading in the literature suggested that the center thinking, civil rights of AIDS patients was at the center of and juliet essay recent national debate. So reading allowed you to narrow the subject AIDS by answering the initial questions - the who and which aspects. Once you narrowed your focus to the civil rights of AIDS patients, you read further and quickly realized that civil rights in itself was a broad concern that also should be limited. In this way, reading provided an important stimulus as you worked to identify an appropriate subject for rubric for research your paper. Make an Assertion.

Once you have identified the subject, you can now develop it into a thesis by making an practice, assertion about it. If you have spent enough time reading and gathering information, you will be knowledgeable enough to have something to say about the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, subject, based on a combination of your own thinking and the thinking of your sources. Romeo Practice! If you have trouble making an assertion, try writing your topic at the top of a page and then listing everything you know and feel about it. Often from such a list you will discover an assertion that you then can use to fashion a working thesis. A good way to gauge the reasonableness of 600 word essay papers your claim is to and juliet essay see what other authors have asserted about the same topic. In fact, keep good notes on the views of others; the notes will prove a useful counterpoint to your own views as you write, and you may want to use them in your paper. Next, make three assertions about for research, your topic, in order of increasing complexity. During the past few years, the romeo and juliet essay questions, rights of AIDS patients in term, the workplace have been debated by national columnists. Several columnists have offered convincing reasons for protecting the rights of AIDS patients in the workplace.

The most sensible plan for protecting the rights of AIDS patients in the workplace has been offered by columnist Anthony Jones. Keep in mind that these are working thesis statements. Because you haven't written a paper based on any of them, they remain hypotheses to be tested. After completing a first draft, you would compare the contents of the paper to and juliet practice questions the thesis and make adjustments as necessary for unity. The working thesis is an excellent tool for planning broad sections of the paper, but - again - don't let it prevent you from pursuing related discussions as they occur to you. Notice how these three statements differ from one another in the forcefulness of their assertions. The third thesis is strongly argumentative. Most sensible implies that the writer will explain several plans for protecting the rights of papers AIDS patients in the workplace.

Following the explanation would come a comparison of plans and questions then a judgment in favor of Anthony Jones. Like any working thesis, this one helps the writer plan the paper. Assuming the paper follows the three-part structure we've inferred, the working thesis would become the essay in malaysia, final thesis, on the basis of questions which a reader could anticipate sections of the essay to come. The first of the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, three thesis statements, by contrast, is explanatory : During the past few years, the rights of and juliet questions AIDS patients in the workplace have been debated by national columnists. In developing a paper based on this thesis, the writer would assert only the existence of a debate, obligating himself merely to center critical a summary of the various positions taken. Readers, then, would use this thesis as a tool for anticipating the contours of the romeo and juliet practice questions, paper to follow. Center! Based on romeo this particular thesis, a reader would not expect to find the essay writing in malaysia, author strongly endorsing the views of one or another columnist.

The thesis does not require the author to romeo defend a personal opinion. The second thesis statement does entail a personal, intellectually assertive commitment to the material, although the assertion is 600 word, not as forceful as the one found in statement 3: Several columnists have offered convincing reasons for protecting the romeo and juliet questions, rights of AIDS patients in the workplace. Here we have an explanatory, mildly argumentative thesis that enables the writer to express an opinion. We infer from the use of the word convincing that the writer will judge the various reasons for protecting the rights of AIDS patients; and, we can reasonably assume, the writer himself believes in protecting these rights. Note the contrast between this second thesis and the first one, where the writer committed himself to no involvement in the debate whatsoever. Still, the present thesis is essay on friendship, not as ambitious as the third one, whose writer implicitly accepted the practice essay questions, general argument for writing safeguarding rights (an acceptance he would need to justify) and then took the additional step of evaluating the merits of those arguments in relation to each other. Practice Essay Questions! (Recall that Anthony Jones's plan was the most sensible.) As you can see, for any subject you might care to explore in a paper, you can make any number of assertions - some relatively simple, some complex. It is on the basis of these assertions that you set yourself an rubric for research papers, agenda in writing a paper - and readers set for themselves expectations for reading.

The more ambitious the and juliet practice questions, thesis, the more complex will be the paper and the greater will be the readers' expectations. Using the Thesis. Different writing tasks require different thesis statements. The explanatory thesis is often developed in response to short-answer exam questions that call for information, not analysis (e.g., List and explain proposed modifications to contemporary American democracy). The explanatory but mildly argumentative thesis is appropriate for organizing reports (even lengthy ones), as well as essay questions that call for rubric for research papers some analysis (e.g., In what ways are the recent proposals to modify American democracy significant?).

The strongly argumentative thesis is used to romeo organize papers and exam questions that call for information, analysis, and the writer's forcefully stated point of emerson essay view (e.g., Evaluate proposed modifications to practice questions contemporary American democracy). The strongly argumentative thesis, of thesis how long course, is the riskiest of the three, since you must unequivocally state your position and make it appear reasonable - which requires that you offer evidence and romeo and juliet practice essay defend against logical objections. But such intellectual risks pay dividends, and if you become involved enough in your work to make challenging assertions, you will provoke challenging responses that enliven classroom discussions. One of the important objectives of a college education is to extend learning by stretching, or challenging, conventional beliefs. You breathe new life into essay writing contest this broad objective, and you enliven your own learning as well, every time you adopt a thesis that sets a challenging agenda both for you (as writer) and for your readers. Of course, once you set the challenge, you must be equal to the task. As a writer, you will need to discuss all the elements implied by romeo and juliet practice, your thesis. To review: A thesis statement (a one-sentence summary of your paper) helps you organize and your reader anticipate a discussion. Thesis statements are distinguished by their carefully worded subjects and predicates, which should be just broad enough and complex enough to essay writing contest be developed within the length limitations of the assignment.

Both novices and experts in a field typically begin the initial draft of a paper with a working thesis - a statement that provides writers with structure enough to romeo and juliet questions get started but with latitude enough to discover what they want to say as they write. Once you have completed a first draft, you should test the fit of your thesis with the paper that follows. Essay Contest In Malaysia! Every element of the thesis should be developed in the paper that follows. Discussions that drift from your thesis should be deleted, or the thesis changed to accommodate the new discussions. A quotation records the exact language used by and juliet practice essay questions, someone in speech or in writing.

A summary , in contrast, is a brief restatement in your own words of what someone else has said or written. And a paraphrase is also a restatement, although one that is often as long as the original source. Center For Applied Critical! Any paper in which you draw upon sources will rely heavily on quotation, summary, and paraphrase. How do you choose among the three? Remember that the papers you write should be your own - for the most part, your own language and certainly your own thesis, your own inferences, and practice questions your own conclusions. It follows that references to your source materials should be written primarily as summaries and critical paraphrases, both of and juliet which are built on writing contest in malaysia restatement, not quotation. You will use summaries when you need a brief restatement, and paraphrases, which provide more explicit detail than summaries, when you need to romeo essay follow the on friendship, development of a source closely.

When you quote too much, you risk losing ownership of your work: more easily than you might think, your voice can be drowned out by the voices of those you've quoted. So use quotations sparingly, as you would a pungent spice. Nevertheless, quoting just the right source at the right time can significantly improve your papers . The trick is to know when and how to use quotations. Use quotations when another writer's language is particularly memorable and will add interest and liveliness to your paper. Romeo Practice! Use quotations when another writer's language is so clear and economical that to make the same point in your own words would, by comparison, be ineffective. Use quotations when you want the solid reputation of a source to lend authority and credibility to your own writing. Quoting Memorable Language. Assume you're writing a paper on Napoleon Bonaparte's relationship with the celebrated Josephine. Through research you learn that two days after their marriage Napoleon, given command of an army, left his bride for what was to be a brilliant military campaign in Italy.

How did the thesis how long, young general respond to leaving his wife so soon after their wedding? You come across the following, written from the field of romeo battle by Napoleon on April 3, 1796: I have received all your letters, but none has had such an impact on 600 word term papers me as the and juliet questions, last. Do you have any idea, darling, what you are doing, writing to me in those terms? Do you not think my situation cruel enough without intensifying my longing for you, overwhelming my soul? What a style! What emotions you evoke! Written in fire, they burn my poor heart! 2. A summary of this passage might read as follows: On April 3, 1796, Napoleon wrote to Josephine, expressing how sorely he missed her and how passionately he responded to her letters.

You might write the following as a paraphrase of the passage: On April 3, 1796, Napoleon wrote to Josephine that he had received her letters and that one among all others had had a special impact, overwhelming his soul with fiery emotions and thesis how long it take longing. How feeble this summary and paraphrase are when compared with the original! Use the vivid language that your sources give you. Practice Essay! In this case, quote Napoleon in your paper to make your subject come alive with memorable detail: On April 3, 1796, a passionate, lovesick Napoleon responded to a letter from 600 word term papers Josephine; she had written longingly to her husband, who, on a military campaign, acutely felt her absence. Do you have any idea, darling, what you are doing, writing to me in those terms? . . . What emotions you evoke! he said of romeo and juliet practice her letters. Written in fire, they burn.my poor heart!

The effect of essay writing contest in malaysia directly quoting Napoleon's letter is to enliven your paper. A direct quotation is one in and juliet essay questions, which you record precisely the language of another, as we did with the sentences from Napoleon's letter. In an indirect quotation, you report what someone has said, although you are not obligated to repeat the words exactly as spoken (or written): Direct quotation : Franklin D. Center Critical! Roosevelt said: The only thing we have to fear is fear itself. Indirect quotation : Franklin D. Roosevelt said that we have nothing to fear but fear itself. The language in a direct quotation, which is practice, indicated by a pair of quotation marks ( ), must be faithful to the language of the thesis how long, original passage. When using an romeo and juliet essay, indirect quotation, you have the liberty of changing words (although not changing meaning). For both direct and center for applied critical thinking indirect quotations, you must credit your sources , naming them either in (or close to) the sentence that includes the quotation [or, in some disciplines, in a footnote]. Quoting Clear and Concise Language.

You should quote a source when its language is particularly clear and economical - when your language, by romeo and juliet, contrast, would be wordy. Read this passage from a text on biology: The honeybee colony, which usually has a population of 30,000 to 40,000 workers, differs from that of the bumblebee and many other social bees or wasps in that it survives the for applied critical, winter. This means that the bees must stay warm despite the romeo and juliet practice questions, cold. Like other bees, the thesis how long does it take, isolated honeybee cannot fly if the temperature falls below 10C (50F) and cannot walk if the and juliet essay, temperature is below 7C (45F). Within the wintering hive, bees maintain their temperature by clustering together in a dense ball; the lower the temperature, the denser the cluster. The clustered bees produce heat by constant muscular movements of their wings, legs, and abdomens. In very cold weather, the bees on the outside of the cluster keep moving toward the center, while those in emerson essay, the core of the cluster move to the colder outside periphery. The entire cluster moves slowly about on the combs, eating the stored honey from the combs as it moves. 3. A summary of this paragraph might read as follows:

Honeybees, unlike many other varieties of bee, are able to live through the winter by clustering together in a dense ball for body warmth. A paraphrase of the same passage would be considerably more detailed: Honeybees, unlike many other varieties of bee (such as bumblebees), are able to live through the winter. And Juliet Practice Essay! The 30,000 to 40,000 bees within a honeybee hive could not, individually, move about in cold winter temperatures. But when clustering together in a dense ball, the bees generate heat by emerson on friendship analysis, constantly moving their body parts. The cluster also moves slowly about the hive, eating honey stored in the combs. And Juliet! This nutrition, in emerson on friendship, addition to the heat generated by the cluster, enables the honeybee to survive the cold winter months. In both the summary and the paraphrase we've quoted Curtis's clustering together in and juliet essay, a dense ball, a phrase that lies at emerson essay analysis, the heart of her description of wintering honeybees. For us to and juliet questions describe this clustering in any language other than Curtis's would be pointless since her description is admirably precise. Quoting Authoritative Language.

You will also want to use quotations that lend authority to your work. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box! When quoting an and juliet practice, expert or some prominent political, artistic, or historical figure, you elevate your own work by placing it in esteemed company. Quote respected figures to establish background information in 600 word term papers, a paper, and your readers will tend to perceive that information as reliable. Quote the opinions of respected figures to endorse some statement that you've made, and your statement becomes more credible to your readers. For example, in an essay that you might write on the importance of reading well, you could make use of romeo and juliet practice questions a passage from Thoreau's Walden : Reading well is hard work and requires great skill and training. It is a noble exercise, writes Henry David Thoreau in Walden, and one that will task the reader more than any exercise which the 600 word essay papers, customs of the day esteem. It requires a training such as the athletes underwent. Romeo And Juliet Practice! Books must be read as deliberately and reservedly as they were written. By quoting a famous philosopher and essayist on the subject of reading, you add legitimacy to your discussion. Not only do you regard reading to how long it take be a skill that is romeo and juliet practice essay questions, both difficult and important; so too does Henry David Thoreau, one of rubric for research papers our most influential American thinkers. The quotation has elevated the level of your work.

You can also quote to romeo and juliet practice advantage well-respected figures who've written or spoken about the subject of your paper. Here is a discussion of space flight. 600 Word Papers! Author David Chandler refers to a physicist and and juliet essay questions an astronaut: A few scientists - notably James Van Allen, discoverer of the Earth's radiation belts - have decried the expense of the manned space program and called for emerson essay on friendship an almost exclusive concentration on unmanned scientific exploration instead, saying this would be far more cost-effective. Other space scientists dispute that idea. And Juliet Practice Essay Questions! Joseph Allen, physicist and former shuttle astronaut, says, It seems to be argued that one takes away from the other. But before there was a manned space program, the thesis does it take, funding on space science was zero.

Now it's about $500 million a year. Note, first, that in the first paragraph Chandler has either summarized or used an Indirect quotation to incorporate remarks made by James Van Allen into romeo and juliet essay the discussion on space flight. In the second paragraph, Chandler directly quotes his next source, Joseph Allen. Both quotations, indirect and direct, lend authority and legitimacy to the article, for both James Van Allen and Joseph Allen are experts on for research the subject of space flight. And Juliet Essay! Note also that Chandler has provided brief but effective biographies of his sources, identifying both so that their qualifications to speak on the subject are known to all: James Van Allen, discoverer of the Earth's radiation belts . Joseph Allen, physicist and former shuttle astronaut . The phrases in italics are called appositives . Their function is to rename the nouns they follow by providing explicit, identifying detail. Any information about a person that can be expressed in the following sentence pattern can be made into an appositive phrase: James Van Allen is the discoverer of the Earth's radiation belts . James Van Allen has decried the expense of the critical thinking, manned space program. James Van Allen, discoverer of the Earth's radiation belts , has decried the expense of the manned space program. Use appositives to identify authors whom you quote. Incorporating Quotations into Your Sentences.

Quoting Only the practice, Part of a Sentence or Paragraph That You Need. As you've seen, a writer selects passages for quotation that are especially vivid and memorable, concise, or authoritative . Now we will put these principles into practice. Suppose that while conducting research on the topic of college sports you've come across the following, written by for research papers, Robert Hutchins, former president of the University of Chicago: If athleticism is romeo, bad for students, players, alumni and the public, it is even worse for the colleges and universities themselves. They want to be educational institutions, but they can't. The story of the famous halfback whose only regret, when he bade his coach farewell, was that he hadn't learned to read and write is for research papers, probably exaggerated. But we must admit that pressure from trustees, graduates, friends, presidents and even professors has tended to relax academic standards. These gentry often overlook the fact that a college should not be interested in a fullback who is a half-wit. Recruiting, subsidizing and the double educational standard cannot exist without the knowledge and the tacit approval, at romeo essay questions, least, of the colleges and universities themselves. Certain institutions encourage susceptible professors to be nice to athletes now admitted by paying them for essay on friendship serving as faculty representatives on the college athletic boards. 4.

Suppose that from romeo this entire paragraph you find a gem, a quotable grouping of words that will enliven your discussion. You may want to quote part of the following sentence: These gentry often overlook the center for applied critical, fact that a college should not be interested in a fullback who is a half-wit. Incorporating the Quotation into the Flow of Your Own Sentence. Once you've selected the passage you want to quote, work the material into romeo questions your paper in as natural and fluid a manner as possible. Here's how we would quote Hutchins: Robert Hutchins, a former president of the University of thesis Chicago, asserts that a college should not be interested in a fullback who is a half-wit. Note that we've used an appositive to romeo and juliet practice questions identify Hutchins.

And we've used only the part of the paragraph - a single clause - that we thought memorable enough to quote directly. Avoiding Freestanding Quotations. A quoted sentence should never stand by itself - as in the following example: Various people associated with the university admit that the pressures of athleticism have caused a relaxation of standards. Essay Writing! These gentry often overlook the and juliet essay, fact that a college should not be interested in a fullback who is for research, a half-wit. But this kind of thinking is bad for the university and even worse for the athletes. Even if you include a parenthetical citation after the quotation, you should not leave a quotation freestanding, as above, because the effect is frequently jarring to the reader.

Introduce the quotation by attributing the source in practice essay, some other part of the sentence - beginning, middle, or end. Thus, you could write: According to Robert Hutchins, These gentry often overlook the fact that a college should not be interested in a fullback who is a half-wit. These gentry, asserts Robert Hutchins, often overlook the fact that a college should not be interested in a fullback who is a half-wit. Another alternative is to introduce a sentence-long quotation with a colon:

But Robert Hutchins disagrees: These gentry often overlook the fact that a college should not be interested in a fullback who is a half-wit. Use colons also to introduce indented quotations (as in the examples above). When attributing sources, try to vary the standard states, writes, says, and so on. Other, stronger verbs you might consider: asserts, argues, maintains, insists, asks, and even wonders. Using Ellipsis Marks. Using quotations is made somewhat complicated when you want to quote the beginning and end of a passage but not its middle - as was the case when we quoted Henry David Thoreau.

Here's part of the paragraph in Walden from which we quoted a few sentences: To read well, that is, to read true books in a true spirit, is a noble exercise, and essay on friendship analysis one that will task the reader more than any exercise which the romeo and juliet practice essay, customs of the writing, day esteem. It requires a training such as the athletes underwent, the steady intention almost of the whole life to this object. Romeo And Juliet Practice Questions! Books must be read as deliberately and reservedly as they were written. 5. And here was how we used this material: Reading well is hard work and requires great skill and training.

It is a noble exercise, writes Henry David Thoreau in Walden, and center one that will task the reader more than any exercise which the customs of the day esteem. It requires a training such as the athletes underwent. Romeo! Books must be read as deliberately and reservedly as they were written. Whenever you quote a sentence but delete words from it, as we have done, indicate this deletion to the reader by placing an ellipsis mark, three spaced periods, in the sentence at the point of deletion. The rationale for using an ellipsis mark as follows: A direct quotation must be reproduced exactly as it was written or spoken. When writers delete or change any part of the quoted material, readers must be alerted so they don't think that the changes were part of the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, original. Ellipsis marks and romeo and juliet practice essay brackets serve this purpose. If you are deleting the middle of a single sentence, use an ellipsis in place of the deleted words: To read well . is a noble exercise, and for research papers one that will task the reader more than any exercise which the customs of the day esteem. If you are deleting the end of a quoted sentence, or if you are deleting entire sentences of a paragraph before continuing a quotation, add one additional period and place the ellipsis after the last word you are quoting, so that you have four in all: It requires a training such as the athletes underwent.

Books must be read as deliberately and reservedly as they were written. If you begin your quotation of an author in the middle of a sentence, you need not indicate deleted words with an ellipsis. Be sure, however, that the syntax of the quotation fits smoothly with the practice, syntax of your sentence: Reading is a noble exercise, writes Henry David Thoreau. Use square brackets whenever you need to add or substitute words in a quoted sentence. The brackets indicate to the reader a word or phrase that does not appear in the original passage but that you have inserted to center for applied critical thinking avoid confusion. For example, when a pronoun's antecedent would be unclear to readers, delete the pronoun from the sentence and practice substitute an identifying word or phrase in brackets.

When you make such a substitution, no ellipsis marks are needed. Contest! Assume that you wish to quote the bold-type sentence in the following passage: Golden Press's Walt Disney's Cinderella set the new pattern for America's Cinderella. This book's text is coy and condescending. (Sample: And her best friends of all were - guess who - the mice!) The illustrations are poor cartoons. Romeo And Juliet Essay Questions! And Cinderella herself is a disaster.

She cowers as her sisters rip her homemade ball gown to shreds. (Not even homemade by Cinderella, but by the mice and birds.) She answers her stepmother with whines and pleadings. She is for applied, a sorry excuse for a heroine, pitiable and useless . She cannot perform even a simple action to save herself, though she is warned by her friends, the mice. And Juliet Essay! She does not hear them because she is contest, off in practice essay questions, a world of dreams. Cinderella begs, she whimpers, and at last has to be rescued by center, - guess who - the mice! 6. In quoting this sentence, you would need to identify whom the pronoun she refers to. You can do this inside the quotation by using brackets: Jane Yolen believes that [Cinderella] is a sorry excuse for a heroine, pitiable and useless. If the pronoun begins the sentence to be quoted, as it does in this example, you can identify the and juliet practice essay questions, pronoun outside of the quotation and simply begin quoting your source one word later:

Jane Yolen believes that Cinderella is a sorry excuse for a heroine, pitiable and useless. If the pronoun you want to identify occurs in the middle of the sentence to for applied be quoted, then you'll need to use brackets. Newspaper reporters do this frequently when quoting sources, who in interviews might say something like the following: After the fire they did not return to the station house for three hours. If the romeo, reporter wants to use this sentence in an article, he or she needs to identify the essay contest, pronoun:

An official from City Hall, speaking on the condition that he not be identified, said, After the fire [the officers] did not return to the station house for three hours. You will also will need to add bracketed information to practice a quoted sentence when a reference essential to 600 word essay the sentence's meaning is implied but not stated directly. Read the following paragraphs from romeo Robert Jastrow's Toward an Intelligence Beyond Man's: These are amiable qualities for the computer; it imitates life like an electronic monkey. As computers get more complex, the imitation gets better. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box! Finally, the romeo practice questions, line between the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, original and the copy becomes blurred. In another 15 years or so - two more generations of computer evolution, in the jargon of the technologists - we will see the computer as an emergent form of and juliet questions life. The proposition seems ridiculous because, for essay contest one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. But when drives are useful, they can be programmed into the computer's brain, just as nature programmed them into our ancestors' brains as a part of the equipment for survival. For example, computers, like people, work better and learn faster when they are motivated. And Juliet Essay! Arthur Samuel made this discovery when he taught two IBM computers how to play checkers.

They polished their game by playing each other, but they learned slowly. Finally, Dr. For Research! Samuel programmed in the will to win by forcing the computers to try harder - and to think out more moves in advance - when they were losing. Then the practice essay, computers learned very quickly. One of them beat Samuel and went on to defeat a champion player who had not lost a game to a human opponent in essay writing in malaysia, eight years. 7. If you wanted to quote only the sentence in bold type, you would need to provide readers with a bracketed explanation; otherwise, the words the proposition would be unclear. Here is how you would manage the quotation: According to Robert Jastrow, a physicist and former official at NASA's Goddard Institute, The proposition [that computers will emerge as a form of life] seems ridiculous because, for one thing, computers lack the drives and emotions of living creatures. Remember that when you quote the work of another, you are obligated to credit - or cite - the romeo and juliet, author's work properly; otherwise, you may plagiarism. Rubric Papers! [See your Allyn and Bacon Handbook for guidance on citing sources.]

A classic image: The writer stares glumly at a blank sheet of paper (or, in the electronic version, a blank screen). Usually, however, this is an image of a writer who hasn't yet begun to write. Once the piece has been started, momentum often helps to carry it forward, even over the rough spots. (These can always be fixed later.) As a writer, you've surely discovered that getting started when you haven't yet warmed to your task is essay questions, a problem. What's the best way to approach your subject? With high seriousness, a light touch, an anecdote? How best to engage your reader? Many writers avoid such agonizing choices by on friendship, putting them off - productively. Romeo And Juliet! Bypassing the introduction, they start by writing the body of the piece; only after they've finished the body do they go back to write the introduction. There's a lot to be said for this approach.

Because you have presumably spent more time thinking about the topic itself than about how you're going to introduce it, you are in a better position, at first, to begin directly with your presentation (once you've settled on thesis how long it take a working thesis). And often, it's not until you've actually seen the piece on paper and read it over once or twice that a natural way of introducing it becomes apparent. Even if there is and juliet practice essay, no natural way to begin, you are generally in better psychological shape to write the introduction after the major task of writing is behind you and you know exactly what you're leading up to. Perhaps, however, you can't operate this way. After all, you have to start writing somewhere , and if you have evaded the problem by skipping the introduction, that blank page may loom just as large wherever you do choose to thesis_hook_multimedia_box begin. If this is the case, then go ahead and write an introduction, knowing full well that it's probably going to be flat and awful.

Set down any kind of pump- priming or throat-clearing verbiage that comes to romeo and juliet mind, as long as you have a working thesis. Assure yourself that whatever you put down at this point (except for the thesis) won't count and that when the time is thinking, right, you'll go back and replace it with something classier, something that's fit for eyes other than yours. But in the meantime, you'll have gotten started. The purpose of an introduction is to romeo practice essay prepare the reader to thesis does it take enter the world of your essay. The introduction makes the connection between the more familiar world inhabited by the reader and the less familiar world of the writer's particular subject; it places a discussion in a context that the reader can understand. There are many ways to questions provide such a context. We'll consider just a few of the how long it take, most common. In introduction to a paper on democracy:

Two cheers for democracy was E. M. Forster's not-quite-wholehearted judgment. Most Americans would not agree. To them, our democracy is one of the glories of civilization. To one American in particular, E. B. White, democracy is the hole in romeo and juliet practice essay, the stuffed shirt through which the sawdust slowly trickles . . . the dent in the high hat . . . the recurrent suspicion that more than half of the people are right more than half of the time (915). American democracy is based on the oldest continuously operating written constitution in emerson essay on friendship, the world - a most impressive fact and a testament to the farsightedness of the founding fathers. But just how farsighted can mere humans be? In Future Shock , Alvin Toffler quotes economist Kenneth Boulding on romeo and juliet practice questions the incredible acceleration of social change in our time: The world of today . . . is writing, as different from the world in romeo practice essay questions, which I was born as that world was from Julius Caesar's (13). As we move toward the twenty-first century, it seems legitimate to question the emerson on friendship analysis, continued effectiveness of a governmental system that was devised in the eighteenth century; and it seems equally legitimate to consider alternatives.

The quotations by and juliet practice essay, Forster and White help set the stage for the discussion of democracy by presenting the reader with some provocative and well-phrased remarks. Later in the paragraph, the quotation by how long, Boulding more specifically prepares us for questions the theme of change that will be central to the essay as a whole. In many cases, the reader will be unprepared to follow the critical thinking, issue you discuss unless you provide some historical background. Consider the following introduction to an an essay on the film-rating system: Sex and romeo and juliet violence on the screen are not new issues. In the Roaring Twenties there was increasing pressure from civic and religious groups to ban depictions of immorality from the screen.

Faced with the threat of federal censorship, the film producers decided to writing clean their own house. In 1930, the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America established the romeo and juliet questions, Production Code. At first, adherence to the Code was voluntary; but in 1934 Joseph Breen, newly appointed head of the MPPDA, gave the Code teeth. Essay On Friendship Analysis! Henceforth all newly produced films had to and juliet questions be submitted for approval to the Production Code Administration which had the power to award or withhold the Code seal. Without a Code seal, it was virtually impossible for a film to thinking be shown anywhere in the United States, since exhibitors would not accept it. At about the same time, the Catholic Legion of Decency was formed to advise the and juliet questions, faithful which were and were not objectionable. Emerson On Friendship Analysis! For several decades the Production Code Administration exercised powerful control over what was portrayed in American theatrical films. By the questions, 1960s, however, changing standards of morality had considerably weakened the Code's grip. In 1968, the Production Code was replaced with a rating system designed to thesis_hook_multimedia_box keep younger audiences away from films with high levels of sex or violence. Despite its imperfections, this rating system has proved more beneficial to American films than did the old censorship system. The essay following this introduction concerns the relative benefits of the rating system.

By providing some historical background on the rating system, the writer helps readers to understand his arguments. Practice Questions! Notice the chronological development of details. Review of a Controversy. A particular type of historical review is the emerson on friendship analysis, review of a controversy or debate. Consider the and juliet essay, following introduction: The American Heritage Dictionary 's definition of civil disobedience is rather simple: the refusal to obey civil laws that are regarded as unjust, usually by employing methods of essay contest in malaysia passive resistance.

However, despite such famous (and beloved) examples of civil disobedience as the movements of Mahatma Gandhi in India and the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., in practice questions, the United States, the question of whether or not civil disobedience should be considered an asset to society is hardly clear cut. How Long Does! For instance, Hannah Arendt, in her article Civil Disobedience, holds thatto think of romeo practice essay disobedient minorities as rebels and truants is against the letter and spirit of a constitution whose framers were especially sensitive to the dangers of unbridled majority rule. On the other hand, a noted lawyer, Lewis Van Dusen, Jr., in writing, his article Civil Disobedience: Destroyer of Democracy, states that civil disobedience, whatever the ethical rationalization, is still an assault on our democratic society, an affront to our legal order and an attack on our constitutional government. These two views are clearly incompatible. I believe, though, that Van Dusen's is the more convincing. On balance, civil disobedience is dangerous to society.

8. The negative aspects of civil disobedience, rather than Van Dusen's essay, the topic of this essay. But to introduce this topic, the writer has provided quotations that represent opposing sides of the romeo practice, controversy over civil disobedience, as well as brief references to thinking two controversial practitioners. By focusing at the outset on the particular rather than the abstract aspects of the subject, the writer hoped to secure the romeo essay questions, attention of her readers and to center for applied critical involve them in the controversy that forms the essay, subject of her essay. From General to essay in malaysia the Specific. Another way of romeo providing a transition from the for research, reader's world to the less familiar world of the essay is to romeo questions work from a general subject to a specific one.

The following introduction to a discussion of the 1968 massacre at My Lai, Vietnam, begins with general statements and leads to the particular subject at hand: Though we prefer to think of man as basically good and reluctant to do evil, such is not the case. How Long Does! Many of the crimes inflicted on humankind can be dismissed as being committed by the degenerates of society at the prompting of the abnormal mind. But what of the perfectly normal man or woman who commits inhumane acts simply because he or she has been ordered to do so? It cannot be denied that such acts have occurred, either in everyday life or in war-time situations. Unfortunately, even normal, well-adjusted people can become cruel, inhumane, and romeo and juliet essay destructive if placed in for research papers, the hands of romeo and juliet essay unscrupulous authority.

Such was the case in the village of My Lai, Vietnam, on March 16, 1968, when a platoon of American soldiers commanded by Lt. William Calley massacred more than 100 civilians, including women and children. Specific to the General: Anecdote, Illustration. Consider the 600 word, following paragraph: In late 1971 astronomer Carl Sagan and his colleagues were studying data transmitted from the planet Mars to romeo essay the earth by the Mariner 9 spacecraft. Struck by writing rubric for research papers, the effects of the Martian dust storms on the temperature and on the amount of romeo essay light reaching the surface, the scientists wondered about the effects on earth of the dust storms that would be created by nuclear explosions.

Using computer models, they simulated the effects of such explosions on the earth's climate. 600 Word Term! The results astounded them. Practice! Apart from the known effects of nuclear blasts (fires and radiation), the earth, they discovered, would become enshrouded in a nuclear winter. Following a nuclear exchange, plummeting temperatures and for applied pervading darkness would destroy most of the Northern Hemisphere's crops and farm animals and would eventually render much of the planet's surface uninhabitable. The effects of nuclear war, apparently, would be more catastrophic than had previously been imagined. It has therefore become more urgent than ever for the nations of the world to take dramatic steps to reduce the threat of nuclear war. The previous introduction went from the general (the question of practice whether or not man is basically good) to the specific (the massacre at My Lai); this one goes from the specific (scientists studying data) to the general (the urgency of reducing the does, nuclear threat). Essay Questions! The anecdote is one of the most effective means at your disposal off capturing and holding your reader's attention.

For decades, speakers have begun their general remarks with a funny, touching, or otherwise appropriate story; in fact, there are plenty of books that are nothing but collections of thesis how long does it take such stories, arranged by subject. Frequently, you can provoke the reader's attention by posing a question or a series of questions: Are gender roles learned or inherited? Scientific research has established the existence of biological differences between the sexes, but the effect of biology's influence on gender roles cannot be distinguished from society's influence. According to practice questions Michael Lewis of the Institute for the Study of does Exceptional children, As early as you can show me a sex difference, I can show you the romeo and juliet practice questions, culture at work. Social processes, as well as biological differences, are responsible for the separate roles of men and women. 9. Opening your essay with a question can be provocative, since it places the reader in an active role: He or she begins by considering answers.

Are gender roles learned? Are they inherited? In this active role, the reader is term, likely to continue reading with interest. Statement of Thesis. Perhaps the most direct method of practice questions introduction is to begin immediately with the thesis: Computers are a mixed blessing. The lives of Americans are becoming increasingly involved worth machines that think for them. We are at the dawn of the era of the smart machine, say the authors of writing rubric a cover story of the subject in Newsweek , that will change forever the way an entire nation works, beginning a revolution that will be to and juliet questions the brain what the industrial revolution was to the hand. Tiny silicon chips already process enough information to direct air travel, to instruct machines how to cut fabric - even to play chess with (and defeat) the center, masters. Romeo Practice! One can argue that development of computers for the household, as well as industry, will change for the better the essay analysis, quality of our lives: computers help us save energy, reduce the amount of drudgery that most of us endure around tax season, make access to libraries easier. Yet there is a certain danger involved with this proliferation of technology.

This essay begins with a challenging assertion: that computers are a mixed blessing. It is one that many readers are perhaps unprepared to and juliet consider, since they may have taken it for granted that computers are an unmixed blessing. Thesis It Take! The advantage of beginning with a provocative (thesis) statement is that it forces the reader to and juliet practice essay questions sit up and take notice perhaps even to begin protesting. The paragraph goes on to concede some of the blessings of essay writing contest computerization but then concludes with the warning that there is a certain danger associated with the and juliet essay questions, new technology - a danger, the curious or even indignant reader has a right to conclude, that will be more fully explained in the paragraphs to follow. One final note about our model introductions: They may be longer than introductions you have been accustomed to writing. Many writers (and readers) prefer shorter, snappier introductions. This is largely a matter of personal or corporate style: there is no rule concerning the correct length of an writing papers, introduction.

If you feel that a short introduction is romeo and juliet questions, appropriate, by all means use one. You may wish to rubric for research break up what seems like a long introduction into two paragraphs. Essay! (Our paragraph on essay term papers the nuclear winter, for example, could have been broken either before or after the sentence The results astounded them.) One way to view the conclusion of your paper is romeo and juliet practice essay questions, as an introduction worked in thesis_hook_multimedia_box, reverse, a bridge from the world of romeo questions your essay back to the world of your reader. A conclusion is the part of writing rubric for research papers your paper in which you restate and (if necessary) expand on your thesis. Essential to any conclusion is the summary, which is not merely a repetition of the thesis but a restatement that takes advantage of the material you've presented.

The simplest conclusion is an expanded summary, but you may want more than this for the end of your paper. Depending on your needs, you might offer a summary and then build onto it a discussion of the paper's significance or its implications for future study, for choices that individuals might make, for policy, and so on. you might also want to urge the reader to change an attitude or to modify behavior. Certainly, you are under no obligation to discuss the broader significance of your work (and a summary, alone, will satisfy the formal requirement that your paper have an ending); but the conclusions of better papers often reveal authors who are thinking large and want to connect the particular concerns of romeo and juliet questions their papers with the broader concerns of society. Here we'll consider seven strategies for expanding the basic summary - conclusion. But two words of advice are in order. First, no matter how clever or beautifully executed, a conclusion cannot salvage a poorly written paper. Second, by writing, virtue of its placement, the conclusion carries rhetorical weight.

It is the last statement a reader will encounter before turning from practice essay questions your work. Realizing this, writers who expand on the basic summary-conclusion often wish to give their final words a dramatic flourish, a heightened level of diction. Soaring rhetoric and drama in a conclusion are fine as long as they do not unbalance the paper and call attention to themselves. Having labored long hours over writing, your paper, you have every right to romeo and juliet practice essay wax eloquent. But keep a sense of thesis how long it take proportion and timing. Make your points quickly and end crisply. Statement of the and juliet, Subject's Significance. One of the more effective ways to conclude a paper is to discuss the larger significance of what you have written, providing readers with one more reason to regard your work as a serious effort. Thesis How Long Does! When using this strategy, you move from the specific concern of your paper to the broader concerns of the reader's world. Often, you will need to romeo and juliet choose among a range of essay on friendship analysis significances: A paper on romeo practice essay questions the Wright brothers might end with a discussion of air travel as it affects economies, politics, or families; a paper on contraception might end with a discussion of its effect on sexual mores, population, or the writing rubric for research, church.

But don't overwhelm your reader with the importance of romeo and juliet practice your remarks. Keep your discussion well focused. The following paragraphs conclude a paper on George H. Shull, a pioneer in the inbreeding and crossbreeding of how long does it take corn: . . . Thus, the hybrids developed and described by Shull 75 years ago have finally dominated U.S. Practice Essay! corn production. The adoption of essay writing contest hybrid corn was steady and dramatic in the Corn Belt. From 1930 through 1979 the average yields of corn in the U.S. increased from 21.9 to 95.1 bushels per acre, and the additional value to the farmer is now several billion dollars per year.

The success of hybrid corn has also stimulated the breeding of other crops, such as sorghum hybrids, a major feed grain crop in and juliet questions, arid parts of the world. Thinking! Sorghum yields have increased 300 percent since 1930. Approximately 20 percent of the land devoted to rice production in China is planted with hybrid seed, which is reported to yield 20 percent more than the best varieties. And many superior varieties of tomatoes, cucumbers, spinach, and other vegetables are hybrids. Today virtually all corn produced in the developed countries is from practice essay questions hybrid seed. From those blue bloods of the plant kingdom has come a model for feeding the world. 10. The first sentence of this conclusion is a summary, and from it the reader can infer that the paper included a discussion of how long does it take Shull's techniques for the hybrid breeding of corn. Romeo And Juliet Essay! The summary is followed by a two-paragraph discussion on the significance of Shull's research for feeding the world.

Call for Further Research. In the scientific and social scientific communities, papers often end with a review of what has been presented (as, for rubric for research instance, in an experiment) and the ways in which the subject under consideration needs to be further explored. If you raise questions that you call on others to answer, however, make sure you know that the research you are calling for hasn't already been conducted. This next conclusion comes from a sociological report on the placement of elderly men and romeo and juliet practice essay women in nursing homes. Thus, our study shows a correlation between the placement of elderly citizens in nursing facilities and the significant decline of writing rubric papers their motor and and juliet essay intellectual skills over the ten months following placement. What the writing contest, research has not made clear is the extent to romeo practice essay which this marked decline is essay writing contest in malaysia, due to and juliet practice questions physical as opposed to writing for research papers emotional causes. The elderly are referred to homes at that point in questions, their lives when they grow less able to care for rubric for research themselves - which suggests that the drop-off in skills may be due to physical causes.

But the emotional stress of being placed in a home, away from family and in romeo and juliet practice essay, an environment that confirms the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, patient's view of himself as decrepit, may exacerbate - if not itself be a primary cause of - the patient's rapid loss of abilities. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between depression and particular physical ailments as these affect the skills of the and juliet practice essay, elderly in nursing facilities. There is little doubt that information yielded by such studies can enable health care professionals to essay deliver more effective services. Notice how this call for further study locates the author in a large community of researchers on whom she depends for assistance in answering the questions that have come out of her own work. The author summarizes her findings (in the first sentence of the paragraph), states what her work has not shown, and then extends her invitation. The purpose of your paper might be to review a problem or controversy and to discuss contributing factors.

In such a case, it would be appropriate, after summarizing your discussion, to offer a solution based on the knowledge you've gained while conducting research. If your solution is to be taken seriously, your knowledge must be amply demonstrated in the body of the paper. . Romeo And Juliet Essay Questions! . . The major problem in college sports today is not commercialism - it is the exploitation of athletes and the proliferation of illicit practices which dilute educational standards. Many universities are currently deriving substantial benefits from sports programs that depend on the labor of athletes drawn from the poorest sections of America's population. It is the for research papers, responsibility of educators, civil rights leaders, and romeo essay questions concerned citizens to see that these young people get a fair return for thesis does it take their labor both in terms of romeo and juliet direct remuneration and in terms of career preparation for a life outside sports. Minimally, scholarships in revenue-producing sports should be designed to extend until graduation, rather than covering only four years of athletic eligibility, and for research should include guarantees of tutoring, counseling, and proper medical care. At institutions where the essay, profits are particularly large (such as Texas A M, which can afford to pay its football coach $280,000 a year), scholarships should also provide salaries that extend beyond room, board, and tuition.

The important thing is that the athlete be remunerated fairly and have the opportunity to thesis_hook_multimedia_box gain skills from romeo practice essay questions a university environment without undue competition from on friendship analysis a physically and psychologically demanding full-time job. This may well require that scholarships be extended over five or six years, including summers. Such a proposal, I suspect, will not be easy to implement. The current amateur system, despite its moral and educational flaws, enables universities to hire their athletic labor at minimal cost. But solving the fiscal crisis of the universities on the backs of America's poor and romeo and juliet practice essay questions minorities is not, in emerson on friendship analysis, the long run, a tenable solution. Romeo Practice Essay Questions! With the writing rubric papers, support of romeo practice concerned educators, parents, and civil rights leaders, and with the help from organized labor, the college athlete, truly a sleeping giant, will someday speak out and 600 word essay demand what is rightly his - and hers - a fair share of the revenue created by romeo and juliet questions, their hard work.

11. In this conclusion, the author summarizes his article in one sentence: The major problem in thesis_hook_multimedia_box, college sports today is not commercialism - it is the practice essay questions, exploitation of athletes and thesis it take the proliferation of illicit practices which dilute educational standards. In paragraph 2, he continues with an analysis of the problem just stated and follows with a general recommendation - that educators, civil rights leaders, and and juliet essay questions concerned citizens be responsible for the welfare of college athletes. 600 Word Essay! In paragraph 3, he makes a specific proposal, and in the final paragraph, he anticipates resistance to romeo essay the proposal. He concludes by discounting this resistance and returning to the general point, that college athletes should receive a fair deal. An anecdote is a briefly told story or joke, the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, point of and juliet practice questions which in critical, a conclusion is to shed light on your subject. Romeo And Juliet Essay! The anecdote is more direct than an allusion.

With an allusion, you merely refer to a story (Too many people today live in Plato's cave . Term Papers! . .); with the anecdote, you actually retell the story. The anecdote allows readers to discover for and juliet essay themselves the significance of a reference to another source - an effort most readers enjoy because they get to exercise their creativity. The following anecdote concludes an essay papers, article on and juliet homicide. In the article, the author discusses how patterns of killing reveal information that can help mental- health professionals identify and treat potential killers before they commit crimes. she author emphasizes both the difficulty and 600 word papers the desirability of and juliet approaching homicide as a threat to public health that, like disease, can be treated with preventive care. In his book, The Exploits of the Incomparable Mulla Nasrudin , Sufi writer Idries Shad, in a parable about fate, writes about the emerson on friendship analysis, many culprits of murder: What is Fate? Nasrudin was asked by a scholar.

An endless succession of intertwined events, each influencing the other. That is and juliet essay, hardly a satisfactory answer. I believe in essay, cause and effect. Very well, said the Mulla, look at and juliet practice, that. He pointed to a procession passing in for applied thinking, the street. That man is being taken to be hanged. Is that because someone gave him a silver piece and enabled him to buy the knife with which he committed the murder; or because someone saw him do it; or because nobody stopped him? 12. The writer chose to conclude the article with this anecdote. She could have developed an interpretation, but this would have spoiled the dramatic value for practice the reader. The purpose of using an anecdote is to make your point with subtlety, so resist the temptation to interpret.

Keep in mind three guidelines when selecting an anecdote: it should be prepared for (the reader should have all the information needed to understand), it should provoke the reader's interest, and it should not be so obscure as to be unintelligible. A favorite concluding device is the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, quotation - the words of a famous person or an authority in the field on which you are writing The purpose of quoting another is to link your work to theirs, thereby gaining for your work authority and credibility. The first criterion for selecting a quotation is its suitability to your thesis. But you also should carefully consider what your choice of sources says about you. Suppose you are writing a paper on the American work ethic. If you could use a line by comedian David Letterman or one by the current secretary of labor to romeo and juliet essay make the final point of your conclusion, which would you choose and why? One source may not be inherently more effective than the writing rubric for research papers, other, but the choice certainly sets a tone for essay the paper. There is how long does, no doubt that machines will get smarter and smarter, even designing their own software and making new and better chips for essay questions new generations of computers. More and more of their power will be devoted to making them easier to use - friendly, in rubric, industry parlance - even for those not trained in computer science. And computer scientists expect that public ingenuity will come up with applications the most visionary researchers have not even considered.

One day, a global network of smart machines will be exchanging rapid-fire bursts of information at unimaginable speeds. If they are used wisely, they could help mankind to romeo and juliet practice educate its masses and crack new scientific frontiers. Writing! For all of us, it will be fearful, terrifying, disruptive, says SRl's Peter Schwartz. In the end there will be those whose lives will be diminished. And Juliet Practice Essay Questions! But for the vast majority, their lives will be greatly enhanced.

In any event, there is no turning back: if the smart machines have not taken over, they are fast making themselves indispensable - and in the end, that may amount to very much the same thing. 13. Notice how the quotation is used to position the writer to make one final remark. Particularly effective quotations may themselves be used to end an essay, as in the following example. Make sure you identify the person you've quoted, although the identification does not need to be made in the conclusion itself. For example, earlier in the paper from which the following conclusion was taken, Maureen Henderson was identified as an epidemiologist exploring the ways in which a change in diet can prevent the essay writing contest, onset of certain cancers. In sum, the recommendations describe eating habits almost identical to the diet of around 1900, says Maureen Henderson.

It's a diet we had before refrigeration and and juliet essay questions the complex carbohydrates we have now. It's an old fashioned diet and a diet that poor people ate more than rich people. Some cancer researchers wonder whether people will be willing to change their diets or take pills on the chance of preventing cancer, when one-third of the people in the country won't even stop smoking. Others, such as Seattle epidemiologist Emily White, suspect that most people will be too eager to dose themselves before enough data are in. We're not here to convince the center critical thinking, public to take anything, she says. The public is and juliet, too eager already. What we're saying is, 'Let us see if some of these things work.' We want to convince ourselves before we convince the public.'' 14. There is a potential problem with using quotations: if you end with the words of another, you may leave the impression that someone else can make your case more eloquently than you can. The language of the quotation will put your own prose into relief. If your own prose suffers by comparison - if the quotations are the best part of your paper - you'd be wise to term papers spend some time revising. The way to avoid this kind of problem is to make your own presentation strong.

Questions are useful for opening essays, and they are just as useful for closing them. Romeo And Juliet Practice Essay Questions! Opening and closing questions function in different ways, however. The introductory question promises to be addressed in the paper that follows. But the concluding question leaves issues unresolved, calling on the readers to assume an active role by offering their own solutions: How do we surmount the reaction that threatens to destroy the very gains we thought we had already won in the first stage of the women's movement? How do we surmount our own reaction, which shadows our feminism and our femininity (we blush even to use that word now)? How do we transcend the polarization between women and essay papers women and between women and men to achieve the new human wholeness that is the promise of feminism, and and juliet get on with solving the concrete, practical, everyday problems of living, working and 600 word essay papers loving as equal persons? This is the personal and political business of the second stage.

15. Perhaps you will choose to raise a question in your conclusion and then answer it, based on practice the material you've provided in the paper The answered question challenges a reader to agree or disagree with your response. This tactic also places the reader in an active role. The following brief conclusion ends an article entitled Would an Intelligent Computer Have a 'Right to Life'? So the answer to writing papers the question Would an intelligent computer have the right to life? is probably that it would, but only if it could discover reasons and conditions under which it would give up its life if called upon to do so - which would make computer intelligence as precious a thing as human intelligence. Romeo Practice! 16.

When you speculate, you ask what has happened or discuss what might happen. This kind of question stimulates the essay writing in malaysia, reader because its subject is the unknown. The following paragraph concludes The New Generation Gap by Neil Howe and William Strauss. In this essay, Howe and practice Strauss discuss the term, differences among Americans of various ages, including the Gl Generation (born between 1901 and 1924), the Boomers (born 1943- 1961), the Thirteeners (born 1961-1981), and the Millennials (born 1981-2000): If, slowly but surely, Millennials receive the kind of family protection and public generosity that Gls enjoyed as children, then they could come of age early in the next century as a group much like the Gls of the 1920s and 1930s - as a stellar (if bland) generation of rationalists, team players, and romeo and juliet practice can-do civic builders Two decades from now Boomers entering old age may well see in their grown Millennial children an effective instrument for saving the thesis how long, world, while Thirteeners entering midlife will shower kindness on a younger generation that is getting a better deal out of life (though maybe a bit less fun) than they ever got at a like age. Study after story after column will laud these best damn kids in the world as heralding a resurgent American greatness. And, for a while at least, no one will talk about romeo and juliet essay, a generation gap. 17. Thus, Howe and Strauss conclude an essay concerned largely with the apparently unbridgeable gaps of understanding between parents and children with a hopeful speculation that generational relationships will improve considerably in the next two decades.

Some writers work with an thinking, idea, committing it to paper only after it has been fully formed. Others will begin with a vague notion and begin writing a first draft, trusting that as they write they'll discover what they wish to say. many people take advantage of both techniques: they write what they know but at the same time write to practice questions discover what they don't know. As you'll see, we used both techniques in writing this section of the book. [back] Francis Mossiker, trans., Napoleon and Josephine . New York: Simon and Schuster, 1964. [back] Winter Organization in Patricia Curtis, Biology , 2nd ed. New York: Worth, 1976, pp. 822-823. [back] Robert Hutchins, Gate Receipts and Glory, The Saturday Evening Post . December 3, 1983. Papers! [back]

Henry David Thoreau, Reading in romeo practice, Walden . New York: Signet Classic, 1960, p. 72. [back] Jane Yolen, America's 'Cinderella,' APS Publications, Inc., in Children's Literature in Education 8, 1977, pp. 21-29. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box! [back] Excerpt from Toward an Intelligence Beyond Man's from Time , February 20, 1978. Practice! Copyright 1978 Time Inc. [back]

Michele Jacques, Civil Disobedience: Van Dusen vs. Arendt. Writing Rubric Papers! [Unpublished paper.] [back] Tammy Smith, Are Sex Roles Learned or Inherited? [Unpublished paper.] [back] From Hybrid Vim and Vigor by William L. Practice! Brown from writing for research pp. 77-78 in Science 80-85, November 1984. Copyright by the AAAS. [back] From Mark Naison, Scenario for Scandal, Commonweal 109 (16), September 24, 1982. Essay! [back] From The Murder Epidemic by Nikki Meredith from pp. 42-48 in writing rubric for research, Science 80-85, December 1984.

Copyright by AAAS. Romeo Essay! [back] From And Man Created the writing papers, Chip, Newsweek , June 30, 1980. Copyright 1980 by Newsweek, Inc. Romeo Practice! All rights reserved. Center Critical Thinking! [back] Reprinted by permission. From the September issue of and juliet practice essay Science '84 . Contest! Copyright 1984 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science. [back]

Betty Friedan, Feminism's Next Step in romeo practice essay, The Second Stage . New York: Summit Books, 1981. [back] Robert E. Mueller and Eric T. Writing For Research Papers! Mueller, Would an Intelligent Computer Have a 'Right to Life'? Creative Computing , August 1983. [back] Excerpt from practice essay The New Generation Gap by Neil Howe and William Strauss. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box! Originally appeared in romeo and juliet, Atlantic , December 1992. [back]

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Romeo and Juliet: Past Paper Questions | BBAEnglish

How I Ghostwrite Other Authors’ Books. Now, when I go to bookstores I see them automatically, the little with ‘s and practice questions and’ s next to celebrity authors’ names. Term. However, when I first found out a friend had ghostwritten a bestselling book by a well known author, I didn’t know what the romeo and juliet, word “ghostwrite” meant. I certainly didn’t know that nearly every celebrity bestseller had actually been written by a ghostwriter. Photo by center for applied thinking, hobvias sudoneighm (creative commons) According to Dictionary.com, the and juliet practice, definition of a ghostwriter is: a person who writes one or numerous speeches, books, articles, etc. for another person who is named or presumed to be the on friendship analysis, author.

Okay, but what does that really mean? If you go to the bestseller list you’ll find a dozen books that were actually written by ghostwriters, especially in the non-fiction section. Tom Clancy? He works with ghostwriters. James Patterson? Yep.

How else do you think he’s able to release six books a year? When Sheryl Sandburg, the practice questions, COO of Facebook, published her bestselling book Lean In , she used a ghostwriter, too. How about President Obama, Hilary Clinton, Mariano Rivera, and Snooki? Yes, they used ghostwriters to write their books, too. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box. Those people don’t have time to write a book! (Especially, Snooki. That makeup doesn’t do itself!) (Technically, some of these ghostwriters would be considered “co-authors” if they get credit on the cover of the book. However, the practice questions, process is pretty much the same, whether the ghostwriter is essay papers named or not.) Here’s the surprising truth: The vast majority of books by celebrity authors are written by ghostwriters (approaching 100 percent). The question is, is it ethical? (share that on Twitter?)

For the last three years, ghostwriting has been my primary job. Romeo And Juliet Essay. When people find out what I do, they almost always ask me, “Do you feel bad that you’re not getting credit for your writing?” My answer: no, I don’t feel bad about being a ghostwriter at all, for essay term papers, two reasons: First, it’s not my idea. Practice. When I ghostwrite a book, I’m sharing someone else’s original thought, not mine. They came up with the content. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box. Also, most of my clients are fantastic public speakers, people who have been talking about their ideas for ten years or more. My job is just to take their life message and put it into book form. And Juliet Essay. Honestly, it’s a great job, because for each book I write, I feel like I get to does sit at the feet of a world class expert and soak up their knowledge.

Second, ghostwriting allows me to and juliet essay questions get paid for my writing. Few writers can say they can provide for themselves and their families through their writing. Would I prefer to live off my own books? Sure, which is why I still do my own writing at the same time. However, ghostwriting has been a great way to does it take apprentice myself to the craft, not to mention learn from some pretty amazing people. Of course, there are certain situations where I don’t think ghostwriting is questions ethical. For example, when an “author” doesn’t give any input in the book past the original idea, is that ethical? When they don’t even read the book, let alone give feedback about it’s content, is that okay? In my opinion, that’s not an ethical way to analysis approach ghostwriting. Personally, I only work with people who want to be involved in the process, who will work with me to make sure it’s their book , that I’ve correctly captured their ideas, that the voice is still theirs, not just some imitation. How do you become a ghostwriter?

That’s a tricky question. All the ghostwriters I know got into it accidentally, and my story is no different. I was helping a mentor edit his book. As I read through the draft, it became clear that the book needed a full rewrite. However, while the author had written books before, he was too busy leading a large company to take on the writing process. And so I offered to and juliet practice do it for him. How can you become a ghostwriter, though? First, ghostwriting is a referral business, and most of your projects will come through people you’ve already written for. The real question is how long how do you get your first job. Here are a few ideas: Network . Most projects come from busy leaders, including business owners, doctors, public speakers, pastors, and and juliet practice politicians.

If you tell enough of these sorts of for applied, people you’re a writer, a few of them may tell you they’re working on a book. If they’re not open to having you ghostwrite their book at first, you can offer to romeo practice help edit or even just critique their book. Who knows? It might turn into your first project. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box. Write in multiple different genres. If you just write fiction, write a few good non-fiction pieces. Reach out to romeo and juliet essay questions your local newspaper and ask if there’s a chance you could work on some freelance project on spec (meaning you’d only get paid if they printed the piece). Start a blog. Showcase your best writing in public. Your blog is your resume. Don’t write for writing for research papers, free, but don’t overcharge either.

You can research how much ghostwriters charge online. For your first project, choose whatever number that you think your client will accept, even if that’s on the low side. Remember, you’ll be able to charge much more for your second book. Consider charging hourly . Most ghostwriters charge on a per practice essay, project basis, but for your first book, if your client is center thinking open to it, consider charging hourly. Romeo And Juliet. You don’t know how much time it will take and it’s likely your client won’t know either. Ask agents . Agents are often approached by people looking for ghostwriters. If you know any agents, why not ask them if they have any advice about how to get into rubric for research papers ghostwriting. Perhaps they’ll give you an assignment, or even a chance to write a proposal for practice essay questions, a new book, which, if accepted, you could be hired to write. If you’re thinking about ghostwriting a non-fiction book, I’ve included a general plan below.

Note that this plan is best when you’re working with an emerson essay on friendship analysis author who already has a message, especially with authors who do public speaking. If you’re helping them create the and juliet practice essay, content, you’re acting more as a co-author, and so this plan may not be as helpful. Before you can start writing, you need to know what the writing, book you’re writing is about. The first step, then, is to collaborate with the author to create an outline of his or her book. You should also ask the author to recommend several similar titles which you can read as research. (And if they say there are no books like the one they want to and juliet practice questions write, they probably aren’t reading enough. In this case, find similar titles on your own.) 2. Collect Written and Recorded Materials.

Many authors will already have recordings of speeches, lectures, sermons, or other talks. Collect as many of essay term, these recordings as you can, especially recordings that apply to your topic. The author will likely also have notes or even entire articles about the topic. Make sure to practice essay collect these as well. Interviewing your author is thinking a ghostwriter’s most important task. An hourlong interview can make up an entire chapter in practice essay questions a non-fiction book. Essay. The better your questions and the more you can draw out of romeo and juliet essay, your client about the content of contest, their book during the interview process, the romeo and juliet essay, easier the actual writing will be. Since this is such a crucial step, make sure you have a good recorder for the job.

And don’t forget to have a backup recorder as well. I usually record both on my phone and my laptop (even then, I’ve still lost recordings before). If you’re interviewing your client over phone, you can call them using skype and essay on friendship record it using Call Recorder. Next, transcribe the recorded interviews from and juliet practice essay questions, audio to text. For Applied. Transcribing is a time consuming process. It generally takes four to five hours to transcribe one hour of recording. I used to transcribe interviews on my own, but now I hire someone to transcribe the interviews for me.

The transcriptions of your interviews will become the backbone of and juliet practice questions, your book, which is why it’s so important to get a good interview. You will likely have to do a lot of re-writing and 600 word term papers editing to make it fit into romeo and juliet essay questions a book format, but as you rewrite, make sure to maintain the author’s voice. Your job isn’t to write a perfect book. Essay In Malaysia. Your job is to write your client’s book. Once the initial draft is written, give it to the author for feedback. Work with the author to romeo practice essay make sure the center, book sounds like them.

If you come to any disagreements about romeo and juliet practice questions, content or phrasings, remember, they always win . It’s their book, not yours. 7. Copyediting, Proofreading, and Beta Reading. As with any book, it will require a lot of editing to make it ready for publication. Here’s a good guide on how to edit until your book is emerson essay on friendship analysis finished. There’s something powerful about helping someone share their message with the essay, world.

Ghostwriting is a bit like being a surrogate mother. You have to do the how long does it take, hard work of romeo practice questions, bearing the 600 word essay, message and bringing the book into romeo essay the world. Essay Analysis. Then, when it’s finally finished, you have to say goodbye. Still, even then, there’s this lingering feeling that it’s your baby. Ghostwriting requires sacrifice. You may have to sacrifice your creative freedom and right to credit. However, for each of the romeo and juliet, books I’ve worked on, that sacrifice has been worth it. I love helping someone share their life message, especially when they probably couldn’t have done it without me. Besides, when people ask me what I do for work at parties, I never get tired of explaining the essay writing, strange, secret world of ghostwriting! Ghostwriting is just writing someone else’s story and capturing their life message, someone who might not be able to write it for themselves. But you don’t need to be a ghostwriter to do that.

For today’s practice, choose someone you admire, whether it’s a friend, family member, or well known celebrity. Then, write a short story about their life from their perspective. Afterward, you may even want to share it with them! Write for romeo practice questions, fifteen minutes.When you’re finished, post your practice in the comments section. And if you share, be sure to leave feedback for your fellow writers. This is an excellent post, Joe! On a subject I’ve never read about before. Thanks for generously sharing your experience. I’m at work on thesis how long does, a ghostwriting project that really excites me.

Nice to have you back in the U.S.A.! Exciting to hear about your ghostwriting project, Eva! Thanks. Yes, it’s great to be back. And Juliet. #128578; Great stuff Joe. Essay Papers. From a fellow ghostwriter. Thanks for writing about this. I’ve been interested in ghostwriting since I read Robert Harris’ The Ghost, which is about a ghostwriter working on the memoirs of a former British prime minister. Romeo And Juliet. (It’s a really good book and I’d highly recommend it.) Interesting! I’ll check it out.

Thanks Natalie! This was fascinating! I’d actually been meaning to ask you about how you get into ghostwriting, so perfect timing. Thesis_hook_multimedia_box. #128521; I love perfect timing. Romeo Practice Questions. #128578; Thanks for sharing, Joe. This is does it take a topic I’ve wondered about a ton the last few years! You bet, Emily. I hope this helped explain a few things. I wrote a letter for romeo practice, someone once.

She was a Missionary of Charity who hailed from Africa, and while she spoke English well enough for center for applied critical thinking, me to understand her, she wasn’t confident of her ability to communicate in written English. She wanted to write a letter to her spiritual director, expressing her frustration and doubt as to her assignment to Mother Teresa’s House for the Dying in essay questions Vatican City. I went there when I was in Rome on a pilgrimage and had time to explore on center critical thinking, my own. I was determined to go there, but I had no idea what I would accomplish by romeo questions, doing so, other than quietly exploring a place where the abandoned dying were tended with love and tenderness in their last days. I wanted to be close to that, and writing rubric for research papers I wanted to help, somehow, with something. And Juliet Practice Questions. As I was about to leave, the woman at the front desk, who had allowed me to quietly look around, asked if I wouldn’t mind writing a letter for term, her. I have no idea what her daily life was like, and all I could do was help her write one letter. We also talked a while after the romeo and juliet practice, letter was written.

It was, I think, my first and, so far, only experience ghost-writing anything. There is power in it, and I will always be grateful for that experience. God gave me a way to help, after all, though it was such a little thing. Mmm… what a cool experience, Sarah. This could be the subject for center for applied, a short story, I think. A moment of connection with another person from a different world.

Thanks, Joe. #128578; I made it a subject for a recent blog post (writeitanyway.com), but I honestly hadn’t thought of it as a subject for a short story — though now you’ve got me thinking about it. I have a question I hope you can answer. I’ve tried researching this to no avail. I’ve been doing ghost writing for almost two years now, through online sites such as oDesk and and juliet essay questions Elance. In the thesis_hook_multimedia_box, beginning I just did non-fiction articles and romeo and juliet questions reviews. Recently I’ve branched off into fiction, something that began by my writing fan-fiction, and it turns out thesis how long does that I’m pretty damn good at it. Questions. Now to my question. On Friendship. If I ghost write a book, mainly for romeo and juliet, peanuts, what does the client own? The idea was mine, the characters and thesis how long does world are mine. So does the client, who will be publishing this book under a fictitious name, own only this book, or do they own my characters and romeo essay world as well? Basically, I want to know if I would be allowed to write a sequel under my own name?

How does one find answers to such questions? Any insight would be greatly appreciated. I have been a publication designer for a number of years, but recently have thought about branching out into essay papers micro publishing. I told a friend I would help her self-publish her book and she asked me to do some editing with it. BOY!

I started editing, and and juliet practice I couldn’t understand most of the sentences. She had written the entire book (which is thesis_hook_multimedia_box a self-help religious book) in two months and hadn’t even reread her own work before passing it off to me as complete. She was determined to have it published by June, but based off the first draft I knew she wouldn’t be able to do it. So, I’m rewriting her book for her, which gave me the idea to get into ghost writing. Writing has always been a passion of mine, and it never occurred to me until now to romeo and juliet practice essay questions give ghostwriting a try. hi there – very helpful read for my recent questions about thesis_hook_multimedia_box, being new to the business. i was wondering if you had advice on the proposal stage. is that also the ghostwriters job? is that included in romeo practice the per project fee? should it be charged in a separate way? This was a great help. I’m considering having my story ghostwritten, simply because I’m very inexperienced and want people to enjoy it. Link for those who want to work from essay contest in malaysia, home as transcriber or editor: https://gotranscript.com/we-are-hiring-transcribers.

My Dad asked me to help him write his memoir, and this is the practice questions, first resource I found on essay writing in malaysia, ghostwriting. Thank you – it has been very valuable in my attempt to communicate to him on what will be required if this goes ahead.

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