Essay on city life vs village life

Biographic Essay: Cab Calloway#8217;s Rennaissance. There he is: on-stage alone, elderly, confronted with a young audience waiting for other artists. To keep them from getting antsy, he turns to on city, the orchestra and leads them into an old song. As he performs Minnie The Moocher , everything is transformed: the unc chapel hill, stage turns into a jazz cabaret, the orchestra dons tuxedos and essay on city life life, acquires big-band-style music stands, and compare essay education, the singer metamorphoses into an elegantly untamed entertainer, garbed in on city life white tie and tails. On screen, Cab Calloway conquers an astonished audience, enthusiastically singing along with his repeated salvos of Hi de Ho … That’s how, in 1980, Cab Calloway was (re)discovered by a new generation, in on competition a filmed tribute to black music, The Blues Brothers . Long-term jazz fans, young initiates or blossoming rappers would be filled with the essay life vs village, spirit of the anti satanism essay, last living jazz legend. For almost 15 years, right to essay, the end, Cab Calloway would travel the world singing Minnie The Moocher – a song he performed for the first time back in 1931. Cab Calloway in Stormy Weather (1943). Image courtesy of Artline Films / J.-F. Pitet.

Yet this consummate performer’s life started in the streets of Baltimore – tending horses at the racetracks, delivering newspapers or looking for trouble with local gangs. The king of “Hi de Ho” started out as a little punk, determined to cut classes and unc chapel hill, not to study law as his mother would have wished. He preferred singing –in church or in the street with the little quartet he’d founded. Vs Village! His career began to gather momentum when his older sister Blanche, who had already performed with Louis Armstrong, came through Baltimore on tour. It was the little nudge from fate he needed to get into the Plantation Days revue, and to unc chapel hill, make it to essay on city life, Chicago with that company. In the Windy City’s Sunset Cafe, he began to attract serious attention for on city vs village, his uniquely exciting performances: the essay on city life, way he moved on essays stage, jumped up on tables and essay life vs village, more… To the point that a band that happened to be in cosmic satanism town fired their own leader and on city life life, hired Cab instead! The Alabamians headed for New York with a contract for the famed Savoy Ballroom in their pockets. But from the first night, the house band wiped the floor with them. Still, the anti cosmic satanism essay, audience, which also voted for on city life, best band leader, picked Cab, who was offered the and contrast vs traditional education, job of conducting the winners: the Missourians. Once again, thanks to Cab Calloway, they caught the on city life, attention of Duke Ellington’s agent, Irving Mills. At the time, Ellington was playing at the Cotton Club.

The prestigious Harlem nightclub was run by gangsters who “invited” Cab Calloway to replace Ellington while he was on tour#8230; and essay, threatened to trash whatever other venue Cab was supposed to essay life vs village, be playing to make the offer harder to thesis center, refuse! Suddenly, the young Cab Calloway (barely 23 then, in early 1930) was the new star of the Cotton Club, the chic place for rich white people to enjoy the life, twin thrills of slumming in Harlem and taking in the elegant, sexy revues performed by stunning and scantily clad black showgirls… and by Calloway’s band. He soon became the darling of journalists and of New York’s nightlife. The radio quickly caught on to the phenomenon, broadcasting his shows three times a week: the United States had discovered Cab Calloway, and he was an overnight success. Thanks to Minnie The Moocher and thesis about, its endlessly scatted chorus of “Hi de Ho’s”, Cab Calloway became the first black performer to sell a million copies of essay on city a 78 record! Oddly enough, the essay life, upbeat sounding song actually tells the tale of a poor girl under the thumb of a pimp who cares more about coke than love. Calloway’s repertory gradually expanded to include songs about drugs ( Kicking the Gong Around, The Reefer Man …). Even if the crowds didn’t always grasp the songs’ meaning, they fell under the spell of the essay on city, rhythm and and cons essay, of Cab Calloway’s ever-wilder performances.

It should be pointed out that Cab totally stood out from other band leaders of his day, who did no more than limply wave their batons to the beat and smile at the audience. Cab always went a step further, shaking his unkempt hair, grimacing through his scats, and dancing, well… to beat the band! He was never boring, tending, if anything, towards overdoing it! Be that as it may, his success literally knew no bounds. His popularity was such that his was the first black band to be invited onto the The Lucky Strike Show on the radio, and even more amazingly, the first one of its stature to on city life vs village life, tour the pros to abortion essay, southern states. Even though he was Cab Calloway, applauded by ever-larger crowds at every stop, the tension was tremendous. And both insults and threats rained down. The hateful beat of segregation and Jim Crow was stronger than the music.

Audiences were usually segregated, with the Black and White seats separated by a rope, or else back-to-back concerts were given, one for each “color.” Swearing that he wouldn’t put himself through that kind of essay on city life vs village life humiliation ever again, Cab decided that from then on, he would tour with a specially chartered Pullman train that would keep his band members safe and guarantee them a decent place to sleep wherever they went, as they weren’t allowed into white hotels. His 1934 European tour (England, Holland, Belgium and Pleyel Hall, Paris) proved that his popularity transcended borders, although the critics were surprised by this out life of the ordinary band leader’s stage antics. Essay On City Life! With his stage and radio success, it didn’t take Hollywood long to thesis about barangay, realize the advantages of life life bringing Cab Calloway to the screen. It started with short films of his songs, but he was soon sharing top billing with Bing Crosby ( The Big Broadcast , 1932) and barangay, Betty Boop in three cartoons where he is portrayed variously as a walrus, a ghost and an old hermit. His manic gesturing was heaven sent for cartoon animators, who portrayed him in a million guises : as a spider, frog, cricket, pig, cat, rooster and more… All in all, Cab Calloway appeared in life life over 35 cartoons, making him the most frequently seen black person in to abortion essay animation! This exploitation went beyond caricature: it concerned the music, too. Benefiting from what black musicians had created, numerous white bands gradually began developing a slightly straiter-laced form of jazz.

It was the acme of Swing, with the on city life life, rise of the Dorsey Brothers, Woody Herman, Benny Goodman and more… But his good looks and talent kept Cab Calloway in the spotlight: The Singing Kid (1936) with Al Jolson (the (in)famous black-faced “Jazz Singer”), Manhattan Merry-Go-Round (1937), Sensations of essay vs traditional education 1945 , Hi de Ho (1947) and above all, Stormy Weather (1943) in which a full cast of essay on city life black performers brings the history of jazz to pros to abortion essay, life. The latter film starred Bill Robinson, Fats Waller, Lena Horne, and in the grand finale, Cab Calloway, surrounded by the celebrated tap dancers the Nicholas Brothers, in “the most greatest dance number ever filmed” (dixit Fred Astaire). Tours, revues, shows and studio recording followed at a quick pace, but the end of the war was also the end of the Golden Age of big bands. The rise of be-bop, and audience’s evolving tastes, brought changes to the music scene, and big bands gradually fell out of fashion. The biggest star of the 30s and early 40s was reduced to chasing after gigs. By April 1948, Cab Calloway was the king of hi-de-ho in name only: he was obliged to disband his troupe, and had to essay life vs village, go looking for essay, gigs as far afield as Cuba and South America. The showman who once traveled the world with a 50-man orchestra now had just 6 musicians by his side. Fortunately, the hard times were leavened by occasional successes: in 1952, Calloway was offered the role of Sportin’ Life, in Gershwin’s opera Porgy and Bess.

Cab Calloway once again tasted the thrill of packed houses, international tours and top billing. The show enjoyed almost two and a half years of uninterrupted success. Another eclipse followed that interlude, broken up by touring with the Harlem Globetrotters basketball team. He would perform at half-time with just a single pianist. On City Life! He tried to get back into pros and cons to abortion essay, the spotlight with a show called Cotton Revue 1958 , but audiences didn’t materialize. He didn’t give up, and managed to essay on city vs village, remain a household name thanks to TV appearances and the occasional concert here and there, in the USA and essay, Europe. The black version of Hello Dolly brought a new state of grace in vs village life 1968. The show was a triumph for both Cab Calloway and his old friend Pearl Bailey. Other Broadway musicals gave him top billing again: The Pajama Game – (a flop) (att’n aux parens en vo), Bubbling Brown Sugar… and then it was back to anti essay, small venues and nightclubs, accompanied by his daughters (Cecelia or Chris). The late 70s saw a revival for on city life vs village life, jazzmen from the Golden Age: they were getting recognition once again… but it had to be quick, as they were elderly and anti satanism, starting to essay life, pass away! Jazz festivals – especially in Europe – welcomed them, putting them back in the limelight.

And so it came to pass that in thesis health 1977, Cab Calloway reformed an orchestra with several of his former musicians, playing noteworthy concerts in France, Germany and elsewhere. From then on, he came back almost every year, worshipped by life life old fans… and new ones, thanks to his role in John Landis’s The Blues Brothers (1980). Suddenly, Cab Calloway was back in the spotlight once again: concerts and tours kept him traveling the world (including Japan). As he had said way back in the 30s, he would only leave the stage feet first! And so it came to on competition, pass that Cab Calloway’s final years were spent before adoring audiences, thrilled by an elderly musician who still performed his life-long hits with all the energy of his youth. Vs Village Life! And of hill course, the highlight was always Minnie the Moocher, when everyone sang along! Cab Calloway passed away a few months after a stroke. His farewell concert was performed seated, before an admiring audience.

He was also admired by all those who were influenced and inspired by his talent. From Louis Prima, Louis Jordan, Sammy Davis Jr. and essay life vs village life, Billy Eckstine, to essay, Prince, Joe Jackson, Janet and Michael Jackson, Tupac Shakur, Alicia Keys, Kid Creole and the Coconuts and Big Bad Voodoo Daddy#8230; they all acknowledge Cab Calloway as a tremendous artist, a first-class entertainer and a veritable one-man showman. An icon of essay on city vs village life jazz. As an angel in essay a 1937 cartoon ( Clean Pastures) Cab Calloway leads the parade, with everyone following behind…

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New York: Puffin Books , 1967 2. The title of essay on city . this book relates to the story, because in the book , Ponyboy and Johnny are outsiders. They can be thought of as Outsiders because they are labeled Greasers although they do not act like hoodlums, like the rest of the Greasers. They are thought of as Greasers just because they live on and contrast essay on online education education the East Side of town, and because they slick back their hair. Essay On City Life! But Ponyboy and Johnny are different. Death , Greaser , S. E. Hinton 1321 Words | 4 Pages. ?(Name layout using the pink package) 1st Semester Goal Chart: English and Writing What do you expect to accomplish within the next two . Anti Cosmic Satanism! weeks? There are two goals I want to accomplish within the next two weeks. My first goal is to “get used to how this English class functions.” In order to accomplish this goal, I am planning to start out with just following all the essay directions the teacher gives us, and get used to pros and cons how the class starts and essay life vs village life flows. For example, in the first few days, I noticed.

Academic term , Essay , High school 1981 Words | 5 Pages. English IV/ Capstone Research Mitchell Annotated Bibliography Holmes, G: Britain after the life vs village Glorious Revolution 1689-1714. Macmillian . and Co LTD, 1969. Print. Much of the excitement of essay on city history lies not in essay the narrative of events, but in the process of discussion. This book is wholly concerned with problems.

Problems such as corruption took place in the 16th century. On City Vs Village Life! This book covers more than the corruption in the English church but every event that could lead up to this event. It defies. Catholic Church , Christianity , Church of health center England 989 Words | 3 Pages. responsible for Hitler, who was a Christian and the Holocaust.” References Glucklich, A. Essay Life! (n.d.).

Dying for heaven; Holy Pleasure and Suicide . Bombers-Why the Best Qualities of Religion Are Also Its Most Dangerous. Retrieved from HarperCollins e- books . Is there a God? Does Religion Cause Terrorism? (n.d.). Essay Vs Traditional! Retrieved from http://www.is-there-a-god.info/clues/terrorism.shtml Nance, M. Essay On City! (2010) An end to health al-Qaeda; Destroying bin Laden’s Jihad and Restoring America’s Honour. New York, NY: St. Martin’s. Al-Qaeda , Faith , Islam 1739 Words | 8 Pages.

All over the world, english can be considered as an essay on city life official language of businesses. It is very important for the individuals to fluently speak . or atleast understand english in pros to abortion essay order to survive in the corporate environment. The students of Arellano University enrolled in on city life vs village life English 12 which is Business English conducted a research about effectivity of Business English , This study speaks to the importance of compare essay education vs traditional education understanding the different influences of English in on city life vs village business life. English is the essay life vs village life most common. British Empire , Commonwealth of Nations , Communication 1817 Words | 7 Pages. 1 BOOK REPORT Name: Smith, Stephen Grade: LCpl Date: Section: . Book Title: Rifleman Dodd . Author: C.S. Forester Why I chose this book : Originally this book was given to me by on essay vs village of my combat instructors in Marine Combat Training(MCT). I wanted to read it but soon found it impossible due to pros and cons to abortion essay certain time constraints.

I lost the book during the transition from M.O.S. school to my current residence. Essay On City Vs Village! Just recently, I obtained another copy of on city life life this book from a fellow. French language , French people , Guerrilla warfare 952 Words | 3 Pages. ?Kathrine Goad LITTLE WOMEN BOOK REPORT Little Women Written by: Louisa May Alcott Illustrated by: Barbara Cooney Manufactured . in the United States of America by the Vail-Ballou Press, Inc., Binghamton, NY 555 pages. Introduction of Author Louisa May Alcott was born on essay on city November 29, 1832, in Germantown, Pennsylvania. Anti Cosmic Essay! She wrote under many pseudonyms and only used her own name when she was ready to life vs village commit to writing. Her novel “Little Women” gave her financial independence and a lifetime writing career.

Abigail May Alcott Nieriker , Family , Little Women 953 Words | 3 Pages. Book Report Global Communication (By: Yahya R. Kamalipour) Publisher: Thomson Wadsworth Year of Publication: 2007 . Book Report Written By: Husain Ebrahim / Department of Mass Communication at Grambling State University. The author of the unc chapel Global Communication book is Yahya Kamalipour a professor of mass communication and head of the department of communication and creative arts at Purdue University. His research interests are about topics related to global communications such as, international. Communication , Culture , Globalization 2199 Words | 7 Pages. Book Report on the catcher in the rye. ? Book Report for the Catcher in vs village life the Rye By Jerome David Salinger Amy Zeng Mr. Poldiak . Pros And Cons To Abortion Essay! 05/27/2013 Author Introduction The author of the Catcher in the Rye, Jerome David Salinger was born in New York in 1919.

He is the son of essay on city vs village a wealthy cheese importer. He grew up in a fashionable neighborhood in Manhattan. Essays In Sports! He graduated from on city life vs village, Valley Forge in 1936 and anti essay attended different colleges. He published his first short story in 1940. Fuck , J. D. Salinger , The Catcher in the Rye 1573 Words | 5 Pages. ?Assignment Two: Major Report Sample of Structure Table of Contents Executive Summary Introduction . Background Information Industry Micro environment Macro environment Competitors Product Classification of Product Three Levels Target Segment Evaluation of Offer Recommendations Conclusion Please ensure that your table of on city life vs village contents includes page numbers for each section. Executive Summary The ES should contain a summary of all key findings from the report . Compare Education Vs Traditional! Although it appears.

Brand , Brand management , Competition 833 Words | 9 Pages. A BOOK REPORT ON ANIMAL FARM by A report submitted in partial fullfilment of the requirements for . Essay Life! COLLEGE University of cosmic 20 March 2012 Table of Contents Table of contents. i Introduction. ii Characters. iii Plot Summary. Animal Farm , George Orwell , Leon Trotsky 1895 Words | 7 Pages. Milson Luce Biology 141 November 2, 2012 Book Report on The Soul of DNA Sister Miriam Michael lived her childhood years . already in the light of God. On City Life! She showed qualities of compassion and care taking at a very young age. These qualities helped shape her to hill the devote Christian she was, serving as an essay vs village Adrian Dominican Sister. She was born to a Roman Catholic family on December 24, 1913.

Her parents, Mary Holland and Frank Stimson had a total of six children, Miriam was the third. Essays In Sports! Miriam’s qualities. Adrian, Michigan , Base pair , DNA 1410 Words | 4 Pages. ?Will Parr Period 1 August 5, 2012 A.P.U.S.H. Chains Summer Book Report One of the biggest and most monumental wars this . country has faced was the American Revolution. Life! The Americans were being ruled by England and were treated as inferior by them. This lack of respect for human life caused a lot of strife among the Americans. They felt had two choices: either to challenge and fight the British, or to endure their heavy demands. One of the least popular demands was the and contrast education payment from taxes. The.

American Revolution , American Revolutionary War , Boston Tea Party 2293 Words | 6 Pages. ID: XXXXXXXX Report Title: INTERIM REPORT Date: 28/11/07 Module Tutor: David Tucker Word count: 756 (Excluding references) . Index Page 1.0 Working Title 3 2.0 Background Information 3 3.0 Nature of Submitted Work 3 4.0 Aims and Objectives 3 5.0 Initial Literature Review 4 6.0 Research Methodology 8 7.0 Data Analysis and Presentation 8 8.0 Chapter Headings 9 9.0 Time Schedules 10 INTERIM REPORT : 1.0 Working. Corporate social responsibility , Data analysis , Focus group 1048 Words | 10 Pages. Step-by-step There are 5 sections to this book report . Each section is worth 20 points. Do not skip a section.

Each . On City Life Vs Village! section is important to show your understanding of the book you read. Section 1 – Section 1 is anti a paragraph about the award that your book either won outright, or was nominated for. Learning about the award means you know why the book won, and essay on city vs village you see the recommendation of others. Someone, somewhere, thought this book was worth reading, and essays special – because it won or was. Character , Climax , Fiction 1882 Words | 5 Pages. Book Rview on The English Patient.

THE ENGLISH PATIENT Book Review The English Patient is a novel by Michael Ondaatje. . Ondaatje was born in essay vs village life Sri Lanka in compare and contrast essay on online education education 1943, moved to England in 1954, and settled in Canada in 1970. He is a Canadian poet and novelist. Ondaatje's work includes 13 books of poetry and 5 novels. Among them, The English Patient won him the Booker Prize. Though Michael Ondaatje is a really good poet, he does not have an extensive popularity among readers. Even after his novel The English Patient. 1992 in literature , Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and on city life life Nagasaki , Love 1215 Words | 3 Pages.

Anna Karlsson EP12 Engelska Book report Book report I have read The Whale Rider by Witi Ihimaera. It . is thesis about barangay health a short little book with a green cover. On the on city life vs village life cover it is on city life a shape of a whale-tail with the life ocean in unc chapel essay the background. Themes of the book is unrequited love, equality and culture of the Maoris. Essay! The Whale Rider is on essay my personally list of ”Do not read”, truly not a book I am going to read again and now I am going to tell you why. Firstly the names i the book is typical Maori-names and I thought it. New Zealand , Whale Rider 940 Words | 2 Pages. a scheme. Would you speak to a sample of essay vs village life them about it and find out their opsand then write a report for me?

Any information or . suggestions about this proposed scheme would be welcome.” Proposed Incentive Scheme Terms of reference Mr Jules Laval, Office Manager, has asked me to life vs village life write this report on essay vs village life a proposed incentive scheme offering rewards, possibly financial, to members of staff for money-saving or ways to improve work practices. Proceedings A sample of workers were questioned individually. Business letter , Creative writing , Idea 469 Words | 7 Pages. Physics Lab Report Format General Remarks: Writing a lab report is the only way your TA will know what you have done during . the lab and how well you have understood the compare essay process and essay life the results. Compare And Contrast Essay Education Vs Traditional! Part of your lab experience should be learning how to organize and present your work in a scientific way. There is no framework that can be used as a “one size fits all”, therefore this sample lab report should only be used as an example. Any lab report should have the following features: . Linear equation , Linear regression , Measurement 914 Words | 4 Pages. A Report on essay on city life English Camp Activities.

A Report on English Camp Activities Last school holidays, the English Language Society in essay my school had . organised an English Camp for all students. There were many activities organised by the society to attract the students to participate and to practise using English language through out the camp. As the on city vs village secretary of the English Language Society, I has been asked to essay on city life vs village report on the activities during the English Camp. There were several activities organised by on city life the member of English Language. British Isles , Dialect , E. Nesbit 665 Words | 3 Pages. ?A Lesson Plan in English Prepared by: Cyra P. Nerpiol I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: . Distinguish the anti essay difference between Present Continuous tense from other tenses especially the essay on city life life Present Tense.

Compare and contrast the meaning of a sentence as to and contrast essay on online vs traditional the use of Present Continuous Tense from other tenses. Analyze the correct usage of the Present Continuous tense. II. Lesson: “Present Continuous Tense” III. Vs Village Life! Materials: ppt. presentation handouts . Grammatical tense , Grammatical tenses , Past tense 672 Words | 4 Pages. HOW TO WRITE A SURVEY REPORT A survey report is on competition a formal piece of writing based on research. Essay On City Life! I Structure: . Introduction State the purpose/aim of the anti cosmic report , when and how the essay vs village information was gathered. Main Body All the thesis about center information collected and analysed is presented clearly and in on city life vs village detail (break down the respondents into groups according to sex, age and place of residence, state the main differences between groups). Subheadings, numbers or letters can be used to separate each.

Academia , Academic writing , Report 646 Words | 3 Pages.

100 Easy Argumentative Essay Topic Ideas with Research Links and Sample Essays. VirginiaLynne has been a University English instructor for over 20 years. Life. She specializes in unc chapel helping people write essays faster and on city vs village life, easier. Need a great argument topic? Below I give over 100 ideas. You'll write faster and in sports, easier if you pick a topic based on: Knowledge: Picking a topic you already know a lot about can make research faster and easier. On City Vs Village. Interest: Picking a question you want to know more about compare and contrast essay education, can make this paper more interesting.

Available Sources: I give links to many sources. Check those for articles first and essay on city vs village life, if you find some, your work is thesis health, half done. I also save you time by giving you links to on city vs village, videos and cosmic satanism essay, sample student essays. Check out my guides for writing papers too. Good luck! If you get a good grade, be sure to come back and tell me! 1. Instructions for how to (and how not to) pick a topic. 2. On City Life. Lists of topic ideas (in the categories of anti cosmic essay, food and life, health, obesity and dieting, recycling and the environment, families and relationships, and thesis about health, science and technology, with videos and many links to on city vs village, research and student essay examples. 3. Step-by-step instructions for how to write your essay.

Choosing a topic that everyone is talking about makes writing an argument essay easier. Make sure you choose a question that doesn't have an answer people already agree on. Pick a reader that doesn't agree with you, so that you are not preaching to the choir. Compare And Contrast Essay Education. It also helps if the topic is something everyone has an on city opinion about: this will make it easier to get examples to back up your essay, either from unc chapel hill articles or from on city vs village people you interview. Finally, you probably want to pick a topic that is interesting to you and pros and cons essay, that you care about. Essay Life Life. Steer clear of overused topics like abortion, gun control, and the death penalty. For one thing, your instructor has already read far too many of these essays and and contrast on online vs traditional education, is not only probably bored with the essay life vs village topic, but also has already heard everything you might say. Moreover, although those may seem like easy topics, they really aren't, because most people are set in their ways about these issues and on competition in sports, it is life life, hard to on competition, think of an argument that might change their minds. Is Deforestation Worth it? Do the economic benefits of on city life life, cutting down forests outweigh the about barangay health environmental damage?

What is essay on city life vs village life, Love? What kind of love leads to a lasting relationship? Stay-at-Home Dad: Is it a good idea for a father to raise his children full-time? What causes a man to essay education education, become a stay-at-home dad and can it work out well for a family? Hunger Hurts: Should Americans think and do more about the hunger faced by people around the world? Why are Americans rapidly becoming more obese?

Why are Americans rapidly becoming more obese? What can be done to life vs village life, help children maintain a healthy weight? How can people lose weight and keep it off? Is weight gain caused by genetics, environment, or some other factor? How do naturally thin people stay that way?

What is the relationship between food, exercise, and weight? Are low carbohydrate diets (like the Paleo, Adkins, and South Beach diets) really the best? Do planned-meal diets like Jenny Craig and Nutrisystem really work to help people keep weight off? Why are Weight Watchers and other calorie-counting diets often considered the best by vs village life doctors? Is controlling weight really a matter of calories in, calories out? What is the best diet for a young adult?

Can vegetarian diets be healthy? Why are so many people now choosing to essay life, go on gluten-free diets? Is sugar really bad for compare you? Does restricting the size of soft drinks that can be sold really help health? Should schools have vending machines that sell sodas, candy, and other bad snacks?

What can schools do to essay life, promote better health in students? Does intermittent fasting really help you to be more fit? How can morbidly obese people lose weight safely? Is the T.V. show The Biggest Loser helpful in essays on competition in sports motivating people to essay life, be healthy? Does the show create negative or positive feelings about morbidly obese people? Does it exploit the contestants? What causes anorexia? How can it be prevented? How can you help an anorexic friend?

Why are more young men becoming anorexic? What is morbid obesity? How does morbid obesity affect a person's health? What should we do about the cost of healthcare for overweight people? Should there be a greater insurance premium for people who are obese? Is surgery a good method for unc chapel hill essay people to on city life, lose weight? Are sugar substitutes helpful for dieting?

Is fat really bad for anti cosmic satanism essay you? Is a low fat diet the essay life life best? Research Articles on Obesity and Dieting. Here are some professional articles and compare essay education, websites that can help you start. Many of these articles contain links to other sources also. Long Term Weight Loss Maintenance, by essay on city life life Rena R. Wing and Suzanne Phelan, in American Society for Clinical Nutrition (2005).

The National Weight Control Registry. An account of over 10,000 individuals who have lost significant amounts of vs village life, weight and kept it off for long periods of time. Overweight and essay life vs village life, Obesity. U.S. government reports from the Centers for Disease Control and life, Prevention. Diet Topic Articles from Psychology Today . Life Vs Village. What can we do to anti cosmic satanism, help people around the world have clean water to drink? Is hunting good or bad for the environment? Should the horns of wild rhinos be removed to prevent them from being poached? Can we protect wild areas and animals by promoting eco-tourism? Should the government discourage or regulate oil drilling in the gulf of Mexico?

What are the dangers of fracking? Does recycling really make a difference? Should all states adopt a deposit on soft drink bottles and cans in essay on city life order to promote recycling? Should schools require students to bring refillable containers for satanism water and other beverages rather than disposable ones? Should supermarkets charge for on city vs village life plastic bags in order to encourage the essays on competition use of reusable bags? Should your city (or campus) do more to encourage recycling? What causes people to litter? What could motivate people to clean up after themselves?

What causes earthquakes? What can we do to on city life, reduce death or damage from earthquakes? Or how can we better predict them? Does being a vegetarian or vegan help the environment? Can using LED lights make a difference? How can composting help save the environment? What is hazardous household waste and why is essay vs village life, it important not to throw it in the regular trash? What is deforestation? How does it happen? Can it be stopped?

What is fracking? Is fracking worth the risks? Does fracking hurt drinking water? What is a carbon footprint? How can we change our carbon footprint? What are the dangers for life life people living in cities like Beijing with high pollution? Is nuclear energy really safe? What should be done with nuclear waste? What is the best way to handle our trash? Are landfills a good idea? Where can we use solar, wind, and other alternative energy sources effectively?

What is the best way to encourage alternative energy use? (Government regulations? Incentives? Helping companies that produce these products? Advertising?) The World Bank on Environment: Information and research about environmental issues around the world. Unc Chapel. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: On the science and technology page, find research and information under different topics like water, pesticides, or ecosystems. Discover Magazine: Search the environmental topics page for essay on city life life your topic. U.S. Government Recycling and Conservation: Statistics and information. Should mothers stay home with their children? Do long distance relationships work?

How can divorce be prevented? Is divorce something that kids can recover from? Are teenage marriages a good idea? Should teenagers that get pregnant keep their children? How can you get out on city of the friend zone? How can you know you are in an abusive relationship? Why do people stay in abusive relationships? What are the effects of life life, domestic violence on children? Who should do the chores in a family? What are helicopter parents and how do they help or harm their children?

Is it good to be an only child? Is doing sports together a good thing for families? How have video games impacted family life? Why do some people treat their pets as family members? Is this a good or bad thing? How important are grandparents to children today? How does interracial adoption affect a family? Are large families better for children?

How does birth order affect children? Do older people make better parents? Have cell phones and social media made families closer or not? How should (or shouldn't) you use social media in a dating relationship? How long should people date before they become engaged? What makes people have a happy, long-lasting marriage? Are the hill expectations raised by on city life vs village life romantic movies damaging to real relationships? Are Beauty Pageants Good for Kids?

What is nanotechnology and how has it already changed our lives? How will nanotechnology affect dentistry or medicine? How can nanotechnology be helpful in developing new types of computers, cell phones, or data storage? Does using cell phones make people more or less connected? Do cell phones cause a cancer risk? What should the laws be concerning the use of cell phones while driving?

Have social media and about health, texting hurt or improved the lives of on city life vs village life, teenagers? Why are children better at understanding new technology than their parents are? Do violent video games cause people to act out violently? Should schools use video games as a teaching tool? Can students study better using digital textbooks than they can by using books, pens, and paper? Will paper and books become obsolete? What is the difference between reading on a screen and reading a book? Should everyone wear a microchip with their personal information to avoid identity and credit card theft? Should parents be able to choose the genetics of compare and contrast essay on online education vs traditional, their children? Are smart watches going to replace cell phones?

What is the next big leap in technology? Which is better, the essay on city life PC or the Mac? If we can help people live longer through technology, should we? Is there a balance between quantity and quality of life? How can 3-D printers be used effectively? SciTech Daily: Science and new technology news and research reports. MIT Technology Review: Massachusetts Institute of Technology's website for explaining new technologies.

If you want to compare education education, write a quick and vs village, easy argument paper, follow these simple steps: Pick a topic question from the lists above. Decide your answer to unc chapel hill essay, the question (this is your beginning thesis). Write down everything you know about the topic. Talk to your friends or family to find out what they know, have heard, or have read recently about the topic (have them give you the source if they know it). Look at essay on city vs village life, some of the essays on competition research articles or web sites about that topic. Look back at essay vs village life, your question and on competition in sports, refine your answer. After gathering information, you may want to change it.

Write down three or more best reasons for your answer (these are your topic ideas for the body of your essay). Using those reasons, look at the articles you've read or the ideas you've already written down for essay on city some evidence to support those reasons (this is the backup evidence for each topic sentence). Write your outline, then follow it to write your paper. On Competition. Do you have to do research for your paper? 100 Great Psychology Research Paper Topics. by Virginia Kearney 2. Funny Argumentative Essay Topic Ideas. by Virginia Kearney 8. Vs Village. Easy Argumentative Essay Topics for about barangay College Students. by Virginia Kearney 5. Easy Words to Use as Sentence Starters to on city vs village life, Write Better Essays. by about Virginia Kearney 127. 100 Science Topics for Research Papers. by Virginia Kearney 109. 100 Cause and Effect Essay Topics. by Virginia Kearney 37. This is essay, a great resource. And Contrast On Online Education Vs Traditional Education. I've just entered into college, and didn't know where to begin writing my first argumentative essay. Thanks so much - voted up :) Do you know or have you written of anything to do with the argumentative essay of should smoking be banned because I have to do essays with research and I need some reliable sites.

Virginia Kearney 3 weeks ago from United States. Hi Aashi! I'm glad that younger students are finding my work too. Although I now teach college students, I started my career teaching in your grade for several years. I will have to put together some topics for primary grade students. Until then, you might want to look at my High School Topics, which have many ideas which are good for your age too.

I am in primary school in grade 6 and life, I want some good topics for primary students. Good job making this page. I don't know what to do at first. I was clueless and was browsing for answers but none of them made sense except for this. Thank you very much! I think the ideas are wonderful and are very helpful! I am a Junior in essays in sports high school and life life, I have to write an argumentative paper. Your insight on how to do so has been extremely helpful. In Sports. I wanted to thank you for your intelligence on how to write an essay on city life argumentative paper.

Thanks! This website was very useful for picking out a topic for my essay. Again, thank you for helping me out! King of Stuff 8 months ago. I find this website very interesting and helpful.

Thank you for making it! Your tips on writing essays is really helping me out. Mr. fluffypants 8 months ago. Thesis About Health. I love this article. You have helped me with my school essay.

Thank you! letter pile 8 months ago. I LOVE this website. Thank you so much for writing it! It has helped me so much! Virginia Kearney 9 months ago from United States. Life. Hi Nataly! You are welcome to shift the unc chapel essay focus of the questions to whether governments should take action. My questions and essay on city life vs village, topic ideas are just a starting point. I teach my students that there are a variety of ways to solve problems and one of those is by having governments or larger groups take action.

However, I want my students to focus more on thesis about barangay health how they and essay on city vs village, their audience can personally take responsibility and action, so often my questions are more locally written. In my class, I focus on on city life vs village having my students address a very particular audience in their persuasive essays because effective arguments come from life life really thinking carefully about the viewpoint of the other person and developing points that would persuade that person. In my class, I do allow TedTalks as sources if the student is using other sources as well. Unc Chapel Hill. However, I don't think all professors do accept that type of source. On City Life Vs Village Life. Most people who do TedTalks have written out their arguments in papers or books, so I'd suggest you research to see if there is an online paper you can cite as well. I find your lists great and anti satanism, really appreciate the idea of providing useful links. Still, I would rather shift the focus of essay on city vs village, some questions so that they ask students to think more globally, from the point of thesis health center, view of the state and the society. For example, should the state take actions to prevent high rate of life life, divorces, which ones? Are people in developed states responsible for providing water and food to the starving people around the globe?, etc. And Contrast Essay On Online Education Education. I also wanted to ask you if TedTalks videos are officially recognized as credible resources.

Have you ever heard of any cases when professors forbid to use it? Thank you for a good work! Hulya Gulyurt 9 months ago. This helped me so much with my homework, thank you! Great Efforts . Well done. should guns be allowed on school campus. Virginia Kearney 13 months ago from United States. This is an interesting topic idea bojoi--and definitely one that would be controversial. I'd love to hear how you would develop your thesis. preetyradd 14 months ago. i think this is cool i got a good grade on my essay thanks. Kanwal asif 14 months ago. Essay On City Vs Village Life. Thank u so much God bless u. Virginia Kearney 17 months ago from United States.

Glad this will help you three keys! ThreeKeys 17 months ago from essay vs village life Australia. Im about to try out your suggestions in this great article. Im excited to see what the outcome will be in how I take a more pointed or comprehensive approach in a written debate so to speak. Thanks so much!

Thank you it is really helpful. Thank you so much for the topics. Trisha Roberts 3 years ago from Rensselaer, New York. Love the great ideas! Absolutely love the essay life list you shared with us. Thank you so much for this Article! Kalai 3 years ago from hill essay Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Sometimes i find that the essay on city vs village most easy or obvious topic the hardest to argue about.

The less the words the greater the headache. When we prepare for essays on competition debates, each word has the essay life vs village life ability to thesis barangay, make or break the case. Rae Saylor 3 years ago from Australia. Life Vs Village. What an interesting range of ideas and tips! Massive thanks for writing this, pal!

Voted up :) Eiddwen 3 years ago from pros to abortion essay Wales. A great hub Victoria ;thanks for sharing and I vote up. Dianna Mendez 3 years ago. This is vs village, very useful to those who must teach essay writing (and to those who must write them). I know I will be using this next time I teach English Comp. Voted up++ ExpectGreatThings 3 years ago from Illinois. Essays On Competition. Wow! This is a very impressive list and great instructions. I like how you were able to write the questions without giving away your position on each topic. - Ginger.

Eric Dierker 3 years ago from essay life life Spring Valley, CA. U.S.A. Very interesting. Fun ideas and satanism, great food for thought. Life. Copyright 2017 HubPages Inc. and satanism, respective owners. Other product and company names shown may be trademarks of their respective owners. Essay On City Life Vs Village. HubPages ® is a registered Service Mark of HubPages, Inc.

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fig sample thesis Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy. Stefanie C. VanGorden. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) microscopy is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on a small scale (3). NMR microscopy is a relatively new way to image small objects and is very useful in essay on city life vs village, both academic and essay life life industrial research. NMR microscopy is used by the food and agricultural industries as a tool for analyzing the amount and effect of essay on city life vs village life, water in their products. Using NMR microscopy, the amount of water (hydrogen) in the product can be analyzed and then evaluated for taste, growth, etc (3). This knowledge will allow researchers to vary production conditions and hopefully yield a better product. Thesis Center! The broad, long-term objective of this research is to develop NMR microscopy at the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) to a point where it is essay on city life vs village life, potentially useful to industry, especially analyzing food for water content.

RIT is essay education vs traditional education, a leader in imaging technology and to date, there are no NMR microscopy facilities at this institution. Essay Vs Village Life! Currently, a Bruker 300 MHz NMR spectrometer is used to obtain spectra. About Health Center! Utilizing a three axis gradient coil probe allows the spectrometer to be used for microscopy. The main goal of this research is to vs village document features such as slice thickness and in-plane resolution on the NMR microscope. This microscope will ideally be capable of producing a 1 mm thick, approximately 50 m m in-plane resolution tomographic image. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was developed in the early 1970's and was largely used for medical research on the human body (3). In 1986, MRI was done on a much smaller scale using NMR spectrometers essentially creating the field of NMR microscopy (3)(10)(13)(8)(12). NMR has widespread applications in essay vs village, gathering information about microscopic properties of biological tissues, pharmaceutical products, and agricultural products (9). Since the late 1970s, there have been numerous research projects applying the technology of NMR microscopy. Vs Village! The majority of applications have been in the medical field but many others have been found on different topics.

Chattopadhyay used NMR microscopy to vs village life characterize the structure of polycrystalline materials. Others did research on vs village life, time-independent point-spread functions and high-gradient NMR microscopy (12)(13). McFarland also did research on improving SNR and found spatial resolutions limits to be approximately 6 m m. T 1 and T 2 are parameters that are varied to emphasize specific tissues over other ones. An article on multicellular tumors manipulated T 1 and T 2 and documented an in-plane resolution of 14 m m (2). NMR microscopy was also applied to monitor gel layers in pharmaceutical tablets because it was known that changes in the gel layer influence the kinesics of the drug release.

This research used an in-plane resolution of thesis about barangay center, 70 m m and a slice thickness of 650 m m (1). A 1998 article used NMR microscopy in studying relaxation anisotropy in cartilage. A Bruker AMX 300 NMR spectrometer obtained a slice thickness of 1 mm and an in-plane resolution of 14 m m. Vs Village Life! This equipment also had a 7-T/89-mm vertical-bore superconducting magnet and microimaging accessory (14). NMR microscopy utilizes a property found certain nuclei called spin. The governing equation for both MRI and NMR is.

where B is the on city life magnetic field strength, and g is the gyromagnetic ratio. The gyromagnetic ratio for hydrogen is life, 42.58 MHz/T. The frequency n is thesis about health center, proportional to the gyromagnetic ratio and essay also the thesis about barangay health center strength of the magnetic field. Given a particular magnetic field strength (B), a particle having a net spin will absorb a photon of n (8). In NMR microscopy, a magnetic field is applied to essay on city vs village life a sample containing water (for example) and the property of spin causes protons (Hydrogen) in the water molecules to absorb a photon of on city life life, frequency n a . Essay On City Life! With currently available NMR magnets n a is in the range of 60 to 800 MHz (8).

Absorption causes the proton to be excited to health center the next energy level and all of the excited protons combined can be thought of as the net magnetization. The magnetic field is conventionally placed in the z direction. At equilibrium, the net magnetization is zero M o and essay on city life life when the system is not at equilibrium the net magnetization is compare essay on online vs traditional education, M z . The equation governing the two relationships is. where T 1 is the spin-lattice relaxation time and represents the essay life time needed to essay on city change M z by a factor of essay on city life vs village life, e. T 2 is the spin-spin relaxation time and it is always less that T 1 . The equation governing T 2 is. and this is the time needed to reduce the transverse magnetization by on competition, a factor of e. In order to essay life vs village determine the location of protons in the sample, pulsed magnetic fields of 90 degrees or 180 degrees are used. A 90 degree pulse rotates the magnetization clockwise by 90 degrees in the x direction of the x-y plane. A 180 degree pulse rotates the magnetization by 180 degrees about the x axis. A typical sequence will use a 90 degree pulse followed by a 180 degree pulse and is called the spin-echo sequence (See Fig. 1).

Figure 1: Timing diagram for a spin-echo sequence (7) . Fig 1. is anti cosmic satanism, just a schematic diagram of a spin-echo sequence for spectroscopy. On City Life! It is necessary to add two gradients to perform tomographic imaging. With the additions of three gradients, this sequence is what allows protons in and contrast education, a sample to be mapped to their x-y locations. A previous RIT student, David Hetzer, performed research that successfully demonstrated imaging two-dimensional signals in the x-y plane (7). My research will build off his research and therefore, the preliminary step in my research will be to duplicate his experiments. His research used a spin-echo sequence with two gradients and backprojection imaging to collect data (See Fig. Fig 2).

Figure 2: Example of backprojection imaging (8) . His research also documented that the relationship between frequency and position was a linear relationship confirming that the on city life vs village gradient coils were working properly. He also set up various phantoms and varied parameters such as the gradient to determine the effect on the resulting image. Thesis Barangay! This experimentation acquired only two-dimensional images therefore the slice thickness was about 1.5 cm. Life Life! All of the information was averaged together in the z direction. For tomographic imaging, the slice thickness (Thk) is essays, specified and the signal is squished the width equal to essay on city Thk. Using the thesis health center governing equation. n=g B o , and substituting for B o we yield. where Thk is the thickness of the slice and G i is the on city life vs village slice selection gradient applied . By rearranging, we yield the thickness as a function of the and cons change in frequency ( Dn ) and inversely proportional to the slice selection gradient. Using knowledge of essay on city vs village life, Fourier transforms, which convert signal from the unc chapel hill time domain to the frequency domain, the following relationship results (See Fig.

5): By further graphic interpretation, we can conclude that Dn = 2/t w and substituting this into Eq. 5 yields. which will allow us to calculate various parameters. We know that the vs village life gyromagnetic ratio is 42.58 Hz/T for hydrogen, G i is less than 50 x 10 -4 T/cm, and t w is 10 -6 seconds. Rearranging the equation and essay on city life solving for the slice selection gradient yields G i = 500 x 10 -4 T/cm which causes a problem because G i is essay on city life life, greater than the maximum gradient of the system by a factor of thesis about health center, ten. To compensate for this problem, we will have to utilize the equation. where q is equal to 90 degrees, t w is the amount of time the life field is on, and B 1 is specified in Figure 5 below. We will make B 1 larger which will make t w smaller and pros to abortion plugging into Eq. will yield a smaller G i . This should yield a slice thickness of 1 mm as desired.

Figure 3: (A) Shows the relationship the result of a Fourier Transform. (B) Illustrates the relationship as a result of the FT. In order to evaluate the in-plane resolution mathematically, a formula for the optical resolution must be utilized. The field of view (FOV) of the resulting image is essential in this process. The FOV is equal to the frequency of sampling f s , divided by the gyromagnetic ratio g multiplied by the frequency encoding gradient G f by life, definition. Substituting into the above equation yields the optical resolution. On Competition In Sports! The optical resolution (OR) is equal to the FOV multiplied by the product of inverse of pi multiplied by the combined time constant T 2 * and the quantity divided by the gyromagnetic ratio g times the frequency gradient applied in essay life, the x direction G n x.

These variables are located in Fig. 4 for further clarification. Figure 4: Illustration of the field of view and T 2 * . The result of optical resolution calculated by Eq. Essays! 10 is the on city life vs village limit to how small the theoretical resolution will become. Substituting approximate values into the above equation yielded an optical resolution of roughly 20 m m. Furthermore, the main goal of health, my research project is to produce one millimeter thick, 50 m m in-plane resolution Magnetic Resonance images using the Bruker 300 MHz DRX spectrometer.

The in-plane resolution will approach 50 m m depending on on city vs village, the results acquired by phantoms and the limits placed by the spectrometer. My research will create a three-dimensional NMR microscope with documented features for use at RIT. My experimentation has two major phases: documenting slice thickness of unc chapel hill, roughly 1 mm, and obtaining an in-plane resolution of approximately 50 m m. There are no human subjects required for these experiments. The Bruker DRX 300 NMR spectrometer and a software program called XWINNMR will be utilized for this project. XWINNMR allows the user to vary parameters of the spectrometer to achieve different results. The first goal of this research project is to develop and evaluate slice selection in the NMR microscope. By slice selection, I'm referring to the thickness of the slice to be excited by the magnetic field. All other areas in the sample tube will remain unchanged. The optimum slice thickness will be 1 mm but testing needs to be done to prove that it is indeed 1 mm. This thickness was chosen because it's close to some of the documented ones used in the background literature. This will be accomplished by creating a phantom with a known repetitive pattern that will serve to life vs village life mathematically calculate the thickness (Thk) of the pros essay slice (See Fig.

5). Figure 5: Illustration of essay, slice thickness. A nylon screw phantom has the desired characteristics to determine slice selection thickness. The diameter of the nylon screw is less than 5mm and it has 32 threads per inch (TPI) which is unc chapel hill essay, about 1.2 threads per millimeter. The nylon screw will be submerged in water since the protons in hydrogen react to the NMR signal (See Fig. 6). Figure 6: Phantom for slice selection using a nylon screw surrounded by water (blue).

The nylon screw phantom will be used to essay evaluate whether the theoretical calculations did yield a slice thickness of 1 mm. The resulting image should have a NMR signal similar to the one below in Figure 7. This image should resemble a ring or portion of a ring with varying intensities. Analyzing this image, will show thickness as a function of angle and threads per cosmic, inch, yielding the equation. Thk = f /360 * 1/TPI * 25.4 mm/In [11] from trigonometry and essay vs village life converting TPI to threads per millimeter. Below is a Figure illustrating these concepts.

Figure 7: Resulting image of the slice selection phantom. used to determine the thickness of the slice. Once the thickness of the slice selection has been documented the experimentation will take another route. The second set of experiments that I'll be doing will evaluate the in-plane resolution of the NMR microscope. Resolution refers to the measure of the system's ability to distinguish between to closely spaced point sources (6). The fundamental limit to this system is that as size of the volume element gets smaller, its signal contribution is reduced and a reduction occurs in the signal-to-noise ratio (3). This phenomenon can be reduced using signal averaging. This will not be concentrated on in this experimentation though. The theoretical resolution limit of this system is about 20 m ms. To quantitatively test this limit, a specific phantom will be created.

It should be noted that since the diameter of the sample tube is 5 mm, it is very difficult to construct useful phantoms small enough to fit inside the tube. After much consideration, a phantom with nylon cords of varying diameter will be used. Essay! The lower limit of cord diameter used will be approximately 45 m m or about the thickness of the diameter of glass rods. The upper limit will be approximately 139 m m for essay life vs village fishing line. The sample tube will contain cords ranging from the lower limit to the upper limit. The sample tube will also be filled with water around the thesis cords since the protons in water will generate a NMR signal.

This phantom will utilize slice selection and it is also very important that the cords be perpendicular in the sample tube. An illustration of the sample phantom is located in Figure 8 below. Figure 8: Illustration of phantom to essay on city life life evaluate in-plane resolution. The goal of this phantom is to use the known diameter of the nylon cords and the resulting NMR image to determine the in-plane resolution of the pros system. The number of pixels that the image of the on city vs village cord occupies will be recorded for each cord diameter. Essay! These results will then be graphed and to show how pixel size ( m m) and diameter ( m m) are related. The slope of this curve should equal one for the ideal case where the objects are the same size in the image as they were when measured. If possible, the exact location of the cords will vary some to yield an average curve.

This is attempting eliminate samples taking up more pixels because of essay on city life vs village, falling half on one pixel and half on the next pixel. On Competition! This graph will then serve as a lookup table for on city life vs village further application to celery stalks or plant stems. These organic structures will be measured using a microscope and about health then compared to the LUT values to further evaluate the system. This research evolved around the existing Bruker 300 MHz NMR spectrometer and a program called XWINNMR for editing parameters. A portion of the essay life research time was spent learning how to operate the and contrast vs traditional spectrometer, and use the software. There are two probe heads on the spectrometer, one for taking spectra (qnp #7) and one for imaging (bbi #11). This spectrometer is normally used for taking spectra so the probe head was changed and replaced for each day of data collection. Files are located in various directories that are in essay on city, the rigid XWINNMR directory structure that is anti satanism, automatically used. The pulse programs are located in the directory /u/exp/stan/nmr/lists/pp/ and they have .ssse extensions. The gradient matrices are located in the directory /u/exp/stan/nmr/lists/gp and have extensions similar to .ssse.r.

Images are located in /disk2/data/scv996/nmr/. The pulse programs and gradient matrices are located in the appendix. XWINNMR was utilized to perform this research since it allows the user to vary input parameters for changing features on the microscope. The table below contains many of the commands that were used. Essay On City Life! Research was done in manual control mode that turns off the sweeping feature of the life spectrometer. Table 1: Common XWINNMR commands and their meanings. Read in shim file for a particular probe. Write a shim file for a particular probe.

Change probe seen by the software. Shows the FID (Free induction decay) window. Allows the user to view a simulation or timing diagram. Receiver gain adjustment. Allows user to tune the probe. Ends the essay on city life wobb command. Runs the program specified in the eda display. Used to change programs or length of pulses. Performs the FT to turn resulting signal into and contrast on online education education an image for this research. Number of scans taken.

Number of dummy scans. Duration of the 90 degree pulse. Duration of the 10 degree pulse. Amplitude of the above pulses. Loop counter parameters (choose 4 and it'll perform 4*256 scans)

The time it takes for image collection varies. The user can specify the image size and the number of essay, repetitions. Life Vs Village Life! Images collected were 256x256. It takes about 1.5 minutes to obtain an image. Raw images were transferred by life, using file transfer protocol (FTP) for thesis barangay health processing. Essay Vs Village Life! An Interactive Data Language (IDL) program was used to read in the raw data and change the resulting images into TIFF format. This IDL program is located in on city vs village, the appendix. To begin this research, previous non-tomographic microscopy results needed to be verified (7). This research essentially created a NMR microscope which would take the hydrogen signal from the entire sample tube range of on city vs village, 1.5 cm and average it to anti cosmic create an image. Essay Vs Village! The length of the sample tube is represented by the z-axis and the magnetic field excited the entire portion of the sample tube.

The resulting image has all the and contrast essay vs traditional education sample values in the z-direction averaged to essay on city life yield one z value for each x-y location. This causes differences from the bottom to the top of the essays in sports sample tube to be filtered out. The timing diagram for this pulse sequence is located in Figure 9. The images collected showed the amount of hydrogen mapped in the xy-plane over the full range of the sample tube (7). Figure 9: Diagram illustrating the life vs village life two-dimensional sequence . The same phantoms and essay vs village identical pulse sequences were used to verify his results. However, while verifying his results, a horizontal artifact was present in the resulting images (See Fig. 10). This image is of capillary tubes filled with water.

The artifact was caused by residual longitudinal magnetization remaining after the 180 degree pulse. Vs Village Life! To minimize this artifact, a crusher pulse was applied before and after the phase encoding gradient to remove the remaining magnetization. The crusher pulse effectively removed the artifact and the previous research was verified. Figure 10: Image with a horizontal artifact present. Slice Thickness Documentation. Nylon Screw Phantom. To create a tomographic NMR microscope, a slice selective gradient was applied in in sports, addition to the phase encoding gradient, and frequency encoding gradient (See Fig. 11). A spin-echo sequence was used for this research and the code is on city life vs village life, located in the appendix. Anti Cosmic! This sequence, by manipulating the pulse width and the values for the slice selection gradient, caused a specific portion of the sample tube to be excited and on city life created a tomographic NMR microscope. The slice selection gradient must be applied perpendicular to the imaging plane.

The phase encoding and frequency encoding gradients need to be applied in essay on online vs traditional education, the same plane as the slice but orthogonal to each other (See Fig. 12). By manipulating the application of the three pulses, slices may be taken in the xy-plane, the essay vs village xy-plane and the yz-plane (See Table 2). Oblique imaging can also be implemented by essays on competition in sports, applying combinations of the various gradients to yield the desired angles. To change the thickness of the slice, the slice selection gradient was modified.

The thickness of the slice is essay life vs village, found using the formula Thk = Dn/(g Gs) where the essays on competition thickness is inversely proportional to the slice selection gradient. Gradient values implemented into the time sequence are percentages. Vs Village! The maximum gradient is 50 G/cm for this spectrometer and by using a slice selection gradient of essays in sports, 100%, the gradient applied will be 50 G/cm. Using a value of essay on city, 10% would yield a gradient of 5 G/cm. Since thickness is inversely proportional to the slice selection gradient, implementing a value of 10% will yield a thicker slice than that of 100%.

Figure 11: Pulse program for compare and contrast education a tomographic spin-echo sequence using three gradients. Figure 12: Diagram of the three gradients used for imaging with their plane locations. Table 2: Gradients for imaging in various Planes. To evaluate the essay life vs village performance of the tomographic sequence, a nylon screw phantom was imaged to attempt to document slice thickness. This phantom consisted of essays, a nylon screw with 32 threads/inch submerged in on city vs village, water. It was thought that this phantom would work well due to it's repetitive shape and by yielding signal such that the angle of signal was related to the thickness.

Images were taken with various gradients (See Fig. 13). By increasing the thesis barangay center gradient, the most obvious change in the image was the signal-to-noise ratio. This is understandable since a thinner slice will have less hydrogen atoms relative to the thicker slice causing less signal. Figure 13: Images of the screw phantom taken with 20, 30, 40, and 60 % of maximum gradients respectively.

While trying to document the results from essay on city life, this phantom, it became apparent that if multiple turns were present in the image, there'd be no way to determine how many turns occurred. Also, the input for the 90 and compare and contrast on online 180 degree pulses is square. Therefore, the Fourier Transform of essay on city life, this input is a sinc function. This means that a uniform slice is not excited and that determining the and cons to abortion exact thickness of the slice is much more complicated. Due to these factors, the screw phantom was abandoned as a way to document slice thickness. This phantom did serve to illustrate that by changing the z gradient, the signal-to-noise ratio varied from image to image as seen in essay on city life life, Figure 13 above. The difficulty documenting slice thickness due to the repeating threads on the screw phantom led to the implementation of a new phantom. This phantom consisted of a hollow plastic cone submerged in on online, water.

The cone was originally used for . The premise behind this phantom was to vary the gradients (thickness) to essay vs village life determine if the resulting images reflected a thicker or thinner circle from the cone. The angle of the cone was found to be degrees and the width of the cone wall was found to be 0.55 mm (See Fig. 14). Since the 90 and 180 degree pulses are square waves, the Fourier Transform yields a sinc function with a width 1/160 m s. The sinc means that a uniform slice is compare and contrast essay education vs traditional education, not excited in the sample but can be schematically represented by life vs village, Figure 15. Figure 14: Schematic diagram of the on online education vs traditional cone phantom used to document slice thickness. Figure 15: Illustration of the non-uniform slice excited by the sinc function. Utilizing information about the sinc function (See Fig. 15), showed the relationship Dn= 2/tw. By plugging it into Thk = Dn/(g Gs), yielded Thk = (2/tw) /(g Gs) where the thickness of the slice (Thk) is inversely proportional to the width of the 180 degree pulse. The 180 pulse was 160 m s in duration. Essay On City Vs Village! By calculations, this yielded a slice thickness of 0.01 mm (gradient = 60%) and slice thickness of 0.59 mm (gradient=10%).

The original goal was to pros to abortion essay produce a slice equivalent to on city life 1 mm. Due to unc chapel hill essay this optimal goal, the above equation was rearranged to solve for the width of the pulse that would create a 1 mm slice. A gradient of 30 G/cm (gradient=60%) was used and the theoretical width of the pulse (tw) was calculated to be 157 m s. Therefore, by making the width of the 180 degree pulse 157 m s, the pulse sequence would theoretically yield a thickness of 1 mm. The width of the essay vs village life 90 degree pulse is about, 7.5 #109; s or half that of the essay life vs village life 180 degree pulse. A gradient of 60% was used so that the thickness of the slice could increase or decrease without changing the unc chapel width of the RF pulses. This result may be useful for essay life vs village life more intricate studies but for this research, images were taken using a 180 degree pulse width of 160 m s and a 90 degree pulse width of 80 m s. The slice selective gradients varied the thickness from approximately 0.01-0.59 mm. These pulse widths were used for all of the collected images and hill essay thicknesses seemed satisfactory to see changes in the images. For this piece of equipment, as mentioned previously, the maximum gradient is essay life, 50 G/cm but this number may not be exact although the theoretical calculations assume that it is. Anti Cosmic Satanism! It should also be mentioned again that the pulses were square so a non-uniform thickness was excited in on city life, the sample causing the signal to essay be generated from an average of the essay life thickness that followed a sinc pattern. This also leads to inaccuracies in the resulting image dependent on the phantom or sample used.

Below are some images taken of the cone phantom for various slice selective gradient parameters. Most of the noticeable differences in the image result from the change in SNR for the different thicknesses. Thesis! The cone also appears to on city life vs village life be slightly skewed in thesis about health, the sample tube as seen by the circle being somewhat lopsided. Figure 16: Images of the cone phantom taken with thinner and thicker slices. In order to quantitatively measure the width of the essay life vs village circle present in to abortion essay, the above images, a horizontal profile was taken through the center of each image.

The horizontal profiles are located below in Figure 17. For these profiles, the x-axis represents the width of the image which is 256 pixels and the y-axis is the on city vs village NMR signal created by hydrogen present in the water molecules of the anti cosmic satanism essay excited slice. The width of the areas of lower signal represent the thickness of the slice. This graph was then compared with the theoretical horizontal profiles of the cone knowing the dimensions of the sinc function. Figure 17: Horizontal profiles of the essay on city life life images used to determine if the images followed the right shape functions. The top image in Figure 17 shows the horizontal profile for a thick slice and essay education vs traditional the lower image shows an vs village life, image of thinner slice. The x-axis shows the compare essay on online education vs traditional education location along the horizontal line in on city, the image and the y-axis shows the grayscale value. The shape of these profiles matches the expected relationship. The edges are slightly tapered and the data value reaches a minimum that is not zero. Visible in the plots is the anti cosmic difference in the amount of signal-to-noise from varying the slice thickness. These slices vary from essay vs village, about 1 mm (Left) to a thin slice of.

0.3 mm (Right). These are theoretical values. Due to the small slice thickness relative to pros and cons the geometry of the cone, there is not much difference in the width of the on city vs village life non-signal areas for the different thicknesses. These results make sense when conceptualizing the cone phantom. The thicker the slice, the wider one would expect the area of non-signal to be. Anti Cosmic Satanism! This is true but since the slice is really a sinc function, there will always be signal present from outside the theoretical thickness range. In-Plane Resolution Documentation. The next goal of this research project was to document the in-plane resolution of the system.

In-plane resolution represents the size of the object necessary to be visible in the image. Essay On City Vs Village Life! The fundamental optical limit was calculated to be approximately 20 m m. Hill Essay! There were a few difficulties encountered during this area of experimentation. In order for the phantom to be relatively accurate, it needed to be very small in diameter and essay also have a constant shape so that minimal effects would occur when the compare and contrast essay vs traditional signal was averaged over the thickness ( 0.5 mm). Finding objects with a small diameter proved to be very difficult so fishing line was used. Essay! Human hair is around the same diameter but the line is much tougher. The other main dilemma was how to compare and contrast essay education vs traditional education suspend these items in on city life vs village life, the sample tube and also keep them perpendicular. Fishing line also sometimes floats in water to add to the burden. After trial and error, the best method to keep the line perpendicular to the imaging plane (xy-plane) was to place the line inside capillary tubes (See Fig. 18).

A micrometer was used to measure varying diameters of fishing line. The fishing line varied in and cons essay, diameter from 87-139 m m and life vs village the width of the capillary wall was measured to be 4.25 mm. The line and life life capillary tubes were then submerged in water to complete the phantom. All of the line was easily visible in the images as seen in Figure 19. Figure 18: Skematic diagram illustrating fishing line phantom design. Figure 19: Images of the fishing line phantom taken at life 10, and 40 % gradients respectively.

Since this really was not a limiting resolution for the system, glass rods were stretched to diameters of. 50 m m and suspended in water. The rods were not exactly perpendicular to the imaging plane and appear oval in the resulting image. As seen in Figure 20, the three glass rods are visible to the eye and take up about 5 pixels. Figure 20: Image of the glass rod phantom taken with 10 % gradient. No other phantoms were used for in-plane resolution documentation due to about center the difficulty in finding phantoms with diameters small enough to be useful. Therefore, the smallest diameter object imaged was around 50 m m and the above images used for documenting slice thickness. The eye can detect the presence of the fishing line and glass rods in the images for the FOV used. This however, doesn't give us an accurate portrayal of the on city life relative size of these objects. The dimensions of the objects are known and by assuming that the cosmic inner diameter of the sample tube is the on city vs village same size in the image as was measured. The inner diameter was measured as 4,250 m m and corresponds to approximately 179 pixels.

Dividing these numbers yielded 23.7 m m/pixel which was used to calculate the on city vs village life size of the capillary tubes, fishing line, and glass rods. This formula is essay, listed below in Eq. 12. Image Size = (23.7 m m/pixel) * (Number of pixels in image) [12] The calculated image size numbers should ideally match the measured dimensions of the objects and yield a slope of 1 for the graph. This was not the case.

As illustrated in barangay health, the below table and graph, there were numerous discrepancies between the two measurements. Table 3: Calculated values for measured diameter [ #109; m] and image diameter [ #109; m]. Inside dia. Life Vs Village! Cap. Tube.

Outside dia. Cap. Tube. Inside dia. Sample Tube. Figure 21: Graphs of measured diameter [ #109; m] vs. On Competition! calculated image diameter [ #109; m]. For the smaller objects, the image size is more than double that of the original size but for the larger measurements, the size in the image is essay life, smaller than the measured value. The glass rods measured 45 m m in diameter but are 118 m m in the resulting images.

Therefore, the smallest in-plane resolution is cosmic satanism essay, 118 m m in the image and corresponds to approximately 5 pixels. The cause of this discrepancy in size is unclear. It might be due to vs village rods not being perpendicular in the sample tube. The phantom consisted of a large area of water which generated the NMR signal. Depending on the organic substances imaged, there may be less signal generated in the images and it may become more difficult to document features of the images. Errors were present in the images due to the fishing line or glass rods not being exactly perpendicular to the imaging plane. Also, this documentation used a fixed FOV which allowed the entire diameter of the vs traditional sample tube to be present in essay life vs village life, the images. Modifying the FOV such that only one capillary tube is present in the image would likely increase the in-plane resolution. Pros And Cons Essay! The increased size of the smaller objects is due to a fundamental limitation of MRI. This causes the objects to essay life vs village life become smeared in essays on competition in sports, the images and the exact reason is unknown. Due to this knowledge, the image results appear feasible for this system.

To demonstrate the potential usefulness of this microscope, flies and celery stalks were imaged. The flies were unsuccessfully imaged but this is essay on city life life, probably due to the fly being dehydrated from being imaged at a post-mortem date. Essay On City! The celery stalks were submerged in water and the resulting images showed a lot of variation resembling a realistic view of the celery. The signal variation represents areas of vs village, high hydrogen content (white) and low hydrogen reaction (black). Images were taken with thicker and thinner slices and also an hill essay, image was taken two weeks after the initial images. Structure variations are present between all images. The signal-to-noise ratio decreases proportional to the thickness of the slice and is visible in the images. Decomposition is present in the right hand image and the structures appear to have broken down also. This application has successfully imaged vegetation with the microscope.

Future work could be done on germinating seeds and essay vs village NMR images could potentially capture various stages of development. Figure 22: Images of celery taken with gradients 10%, and 20% respectively and an image taken two weeks after the initial image with a gradient of 40%. The purpose of anti cosmic satanism, this research was to use a Bruker 300 DRX Spectrometer for tomographic NMR microscopy and document features such as in-plane resolution and slice thickness. The in-plane resolution refers to the smallest object that can be resolved in essay on city vs village life, the resulting image. Slice thickness for this research represents the amount of sample to thesis about get excited by the magnetic field documented in the z-direction. Ideal goals were a slice thickness of 1 mm and an in-plane resolution of 50 m m. This research set numerous optimistic goals that were slightly out of range for the amount of time available. It was very difficult to find phantoms with the desired characteristics that were also small enough to fit inside the sample tube. It was also difficult to determine a slice thickness due to essay on city life life the pulse being shaped like a sinc in Fourier space and a non-uniform slice being excited from the phantom. Another dilemma was that most of the known parameters on the Bruker Spectrometer were not fully trusted for accuracy.

An example of this is that the maximum gradient is defined as 50 G/cm but this number may not be exact. This value changes the theoretical calculations if inaccurate. A nylon screw phantom was initially used to document slice thickness because it was thought to have the desired characteristics. The screw was submerged in water to in sports create the essay life vs village nmr signal. The screw phantom was going to have signal corresponding to to abortion the number of thread turns but this did not work as first expected. There was no way to discriminate between thread turns of more than one. Essay On City Life! Also, due to the sinusoidal nature of the excited hydrogen protons, it was difficult to tell whether the slice was thick or whether sinusoidal shape was adding additional signal from outside the desired 1 mm slice. The screw phantom was abandoned due to these difficulties and a new phantom consisting of a cone submerged in water was imaged. Intricate measurements were taken of this phantom and the theoretical amount of signal was modeled for use in determining the slice thickness. This phantom behaved as expected for the system given a non-uniform slice thickness.

The horizontal plots of the images show both signal-to-noise changes between the essays on competition images and also a relative shape that takes into account the slice thickness. The next goal of this research was to essay life document the in-plane resolution using a constant field of view. The major difficulties with this phantom were that it was difficult to find objects with the desired characteristics that were small enough to test the thesis barangay in-plane resolution limits. On City Life! Initially, fishing line was imaged but the smallest diameter was 87 m m and the goal of the system was at least 50 m m. To test the limits further, glass rods were stretched and submerged in water since they were the smallest objects available for use with diameters of anti cosmic, approximately 45 m m. Glass rods are visible in essay life life, the resulting images. It was very difficult to keep the glass rods perpendicular in unc chapel essay, the sample tube and this is essay vs village, visible in the images by their oval shape. Essay Life Life! Since the glass rods were pieces of stretched glass, the diameter might not be uniform anyway. The calculated image size using the images shows that the in-plane resolution is 118 m m for a 45 m m object diameter. These results could also be effected to the large amount of signal present in the sample relative to the tiny glass rods. The smearing of the object size in the image is due to a limitation of MRI so these results aren't unusual. Future work in this research area should include adding user control of the slice location the sample tube.

Some ideas for this are in the following paragraphs. Building off the phantom for slice selection, a new phantom will be developed to test a slice selection locator feature. Assuming that that the results from the first phantom adequately documented the thickness of the slice, this feature will allow the essay on city life vs village user to freely choose the particular location of the 1 mm slice. The user will also be able to choose different slice locations to anti cosmic essay be taken from the same sample tube. This concept is illustrated below in Figure 10 and will work best for samples that vary in the z direction such as a fly or corn kernel.

Figure 23: Fly with varying signal components in the z direction. and illustration of the slice selection locator. Mathematically, this will be accomplished by utilizing the relationship between frequency and the location in the z direction. The location in the z direction is equal to the change in frequency divided by on city life, the product of the gyromagnetic ratio and the frequency gradient of the slice. Change in frequency will be equal to essay the frequency we apply minus a reference frequency at essay on city life zero. The phantom for this experiment will have similar characteristics to the slice selection phantom. This phantom must have a measurable variance in essay life, the z direction as far as water content or signal variance. A simple phantom can be constructed with capillary tubes filled with varying amounts of water in essay on city life, them over the z range of the detector. Essay On City Life Vs Village! This should result in a variance of essay, signal proportional to the z location and give us enough knowledge to narrow down where the slice is being taken. An illustration of this phantom is in Figure 11 below. After getting an approximate region of where the slice is on city vs village, being taken, the nylon screw may be placed in a measured amount of water and the results should yield enough information to determine the final location of the slice.

Figure 24: Slice taken at location (dotted lines) for slice selection locator phantom. Given that the thickness of the slice and the in-plane resolution are both accurately documented, the phantom mentioned above should allow the specification to the location of the slice. The amount of accuracy may also be tested by varying parameters slightly to detect a subtle change in signal.

Introduction to life vs village, Our Catalog of Nature Writing. In recent years, partly because of a tendency in to abortion, market-based economies to niche all information, but also in response to a relatively sudden awareness of the social and political impact environmental legislation and thought have had on American society, people have come to speak of nature writing as a distinct, even emergent genre. It is more accurate, most critics assert, to say we are witnessing a resurgence in the genre; and, setting it alongside other genres, it is arguably more helpful to see it as that strain of American literature that, more than others now, is pursuing the ancient discourse on human fate. The latter statement may frost a few sensibilities, but nature writing -- or environmental literature or the essay on city vs village, literature of place or landscape writing -- is a categorical term. Its utility and its distinct boundaries are both evolving, and life, so subject to the passage of time, a phenomenon cogently addressed in the nature writing of Charles Darwin.

One thing clearly going on in the current re-evaluation of this term is consolidation. Literary writing from several different quarters -- social criticism, science, travel -- is being pooled, treated as if it had certain philosophical themes in life, common, among them the notions of extinction and restoration. Much of this work, I think, is being generated by a broad concern over the stranglehold materialism and hill essay, consumerism have on life life, American life, and to abortion essay, alarm over the commodification of landscapes, the latter a marketing effort that frequently employs the language and attitudes of nineteenth-century slavers. Among the on city, salient and and contrast, generally agreed upon characteristics of this kind of writing today are: 1) an assumption that landscape -- every element and nuance of the physical world, from a snowstorm passing through, to line and shadow in a woody draw, to the whinny of a horse -- is integral, not incidental to the story; 2) a thematic focus on the relationship of on city life, human culture to place or, more generally, of culture to nature; and 3) a heightened sensitivity to issues of justice and spirituality. Work of this sort has set American literature apart since at least the middle of the education vs traditional, nineteenth century, or earlier if one counts the exploration narratives of people like William Bartram or the agrarian writing of people like Thomas Jefferson. In Moby-Dick , Melville unfolds his moral drama on a seascape indispensable to his story.

Later, on a much smaller scale, Stephen Crane does the essay on city life vs village, same in a seminal American short story, The Open Boat. In Cather and Steinbeck, and essays, more recently in Peter Matthiessen, Gary Snyder and Wendell Berry, we find the same pursuit of essay life life, a just relationship with the divine in a particularized landscape and, again, themes of social justice. The approach also often assumes that the about, physical landscape is not ownable, that it may be numinous, and that these landscapes and all they include, from weather to color to basalt boulders, exist in the same moral universe with the human. It is essay on city vs village, difficult to refine a definition of nature writing, even for on city life vs village life, purposes of general orientation, without excluding certain material that seems in close keeping with its traditions. The delineation of essay life vs village life, physical place, for example, is integral to the novels of essay, Cormac McCarthy and to Charles Frazier's Cold Mountain , as interwoven here as it is in Faulkner; but McCarthy and Frazier are rarely thought of as nature writers. Too, while the essay on city, themes I have posited form part of the sine qua non of much Native American writing, Simon Ortiz's poems, say, or Linda Hogan's essays, or Louise Erdrich's novels are rarely included within the working purview of the definition. (Leslie Silko comes to mind here, too, but not solely for the importance of essay on city life life, landscape in her fiction and nonfiction. On City Vs Village. She believes with Ortiz and others, including some non-Native nature writers, that writing is a moral act.

Telling the story imposes moral obligations on the writer, both to the material and to the reader or listener. Essays. Taking the reader into account like this, letting the story occur in the space between writer and reader, is of a piece with Peter Brook's experiments, of course, with audience in vs village life, the theatre, and unc chapel, also at odds with the contemporary idea of the novelist as the reader's authority, rather than his or her companion.) The philosophical roots of this work, obviously, lie with Thoreau and Emerson, and the genre includes elements of misanthropy (often, in my view, exaggerated) in people like Edward Abbey, Robinson Jeffers, and Loren Eiseley. But, again, it is on city life, hazardous to try to anti satanism, maintain strict bounds. On City Vs Village Life. Certain writers frequently cited as nature writers bring with them an additional emphasis -- Wallace Stegner's citizenship, say, or Gary Nabhan's ethnobotany.

John Muir, though central to pros, any definition of nature writing, is also considered a focal political figure; Aldo Leopold, another pivotal figure, is not literary enough for on city life, some, while Thomas Merton is thesis barangay, often regarded as peripheral because his writing is too spiritual. (I would argue that Merton, more than any other contemporary prose writer, maintained the tradition of spirituality in essay life vs village, American writing now thought to be integral to nature writing.) And, in any given critical article, we may learn that, say, Mary Austin, author of The Land of Little Rain (1903), like Susan Fenimore Cooper, author of hill, Rural Hours (1850), has just been rediscovered as a nature writer. To my mind, a number of on city, contemporary travel writers and science writers, David Quammen eminent among them, have published work that could easily be subsumed within a good working definition. And, in addition to Jeffers and Snyder, Mary Oliver, W.S. Merwin, Frost, and Robert Hass have composed poems I find essential to hill, an understanding of the genre, though poetry itself, like fiction, plays a minor role in most critical definitions. Finally, like all good writers whose work might be adduced here, many can be situated legitimately in several genres at vs village, once.

What this says, among other things, is that nature writing, again, has recently become a way to draw together otherwise disparate writers and writing -- Merton's essays in opposition to nuclear weapons, Scott Momaday's The Way to Rainy Mountain , and the poetry of Pattiann Rogers -- because of unc chapel, their complementary approaches to a modern philosophical issue. Life Vs Village. In this example, the writers can be said to share similar attitudes toward the sanctity of life. A key figure in defining this kind of work, I believe, particularly as it is essay, discussed today, is Rachel Carson, a graceful writer with a social conscience who brought a distinguished measure of personal authority to her work. That combination is strikingly apparent in Wendell Berry's essays, where the emphasis is often on agrarian economics and the importance of local scale; in Matthiessen, whose intent is more clearly literary and whose sensibility is as much sociological as biological; and in E.O. Wilson, where the emphasis may be on biology, but where the value of real experience, in an age of computer-driven abstraction, is always in the foreground. Carson made government and industry defensive, and life life, both actively tried to discredit her. The denouncement of injustice in government and business expressed in the work of many nature writers -- Rick Bass, Terry Tempest Williams, Richard Nelson, William deBuys -- echoes Carson. Thesis Health. Their social criticism, like Carson's, derives its authority from an active long- term involvement with specific landscapes. Where such modern writers differ from Carson (and expand upon Wilson's insistence on essay vs village life, ground truthing) is the extent to which they bring non-Western thinking into their work, particularly native American thought. As a consequence, some of the most intellectually engaging essays of any sort being written today are nature essays that elucidate by evoking both Western analysis and non-Western awe to convey meaning. (To use a literary term, these writers intentionally put metaphor on a par with reason as a path to pros to abortion essay, truth.)

Other attributes further characterize the work of on city life vs village life, many nature writers. One is the insistence on real locales -- the Florida of Matthiessen's Watson trilogy, say -- and on the thoroughly researched local as a foundation for positing universals. For this reason, while many nature writers are sometimes identified with regions -- Jan DeBlieu with the Outer Banks, David Kline with Ohio, Janisse Ray with rural Georgia, Gretchen Legler with Alaska -- it is their very rigor with local knowledge that makes the stories they tell relevant in anti cosmic essay, other regions. Another attribute of this group is that many of them write passionately on public land issues. As poets and essay on city life life, novelists they are, not incidentally, also accomplished essayists. In an effort to define the anti satanism essay, genre deductively, it is sometimes lost that a definition might as easily be had inductively, as when writers broadly regarded as nature writers list books they resonated with early on. In addition to the titles and authors I've already mentioned, a dozen or so come quickly to mind for me.* One of them is John Haines's Winter News (1966), his first collection of essay life vs village, poetry. At the time I read the book, I'd not traveled at all in unc chapel essay, the Arctic; but I dreamed of essay, being able to and these poems spoke powerfully to that dream. They infused it with concrete detail.

In one poem, The House of the Injured, a man comes upon a wounded and frantic bird dying in an abandoned cabin. Unc Chapel. I sank to my knees --/, wrote Haines, a man shown the face of God. This from a subsistence hunter devoid of sentimentality, an artist and sculptor who'd come to essay vs village life, Alaska in 1947 to homestead, and who wrote this handful of unc chapel hill essay, iron hard, concise, absolutely accurate (I intuited then, and essay on city, would later verify) poems about life in anti cosmic satanism essay, this far-off landscape. In just a few lines, the poems created volumes of life, space and increments of time different from the ones I knew, and for which I yearned. His form of address to animals was direct, his evocation of them grounded in experience, not philosophy. I learned in to abortion, his poems how to write of vs village, things so beautiful they made you afraid. By the early sixties, it had become common within literary and art circles to invoke quantum mechanics as an explanatory metaphor, both to make sense of people like Joyce and Pollock and to meld disparate creations in literature and the arts into anti cosmic movements like Dada or existentialism. Chaos theory now augments quantum mechanics; but ecology, I believe, might emerge as the most telling way to explain art and thought from the late twentieth century. Essay On City Life. The term is too debated, too politicized to be useful now; but the science of ecology is the study of coherence in thesis about barangay center, communities, and this subject -- the disintegration of communities and the question of how they are to essay life vs village life, be rehabilitated -- is, in my view, the critical issue in nature writing today. One can also argue that nature writing is the cosmic, least equivocal strain of American literature when it comes to denouncing the status quo, in on city, particular the destructive nature of large-scale capitalistic enterprise, the collusion of government and big business, and on city vs village, the general erosion of democratic principles in essay on city life, the United States.

It should be no surprise that Thoreau wrote both Walden and On the Duty of Civil Disobedience . It may even be, as the scholar and on online vs traditional, critic Daniel Peck has argued, that Thoreau was prescient about the social damage capitalism would wreak. Thoreau intuited, suggests Peck, the essay on city vs village, need for a new foundation mythology, one that would link human activity to an actual place, if American civilization was going to survive the compare education education, dehumanization and despiritualization -- the barbarism -- of the Age of Empire. That mythology is working itself to the fore, I would argue, in the essays, novels and poems now being assembled by different reviewers under the rubric of nature writing. A literary category, of course, is not nearly as important as the questions the category may pose in its time. It is not as important as the respect its practitioners show for language, or the on city vs village life, concern they may express for the fate of society. In the coming decade it is likely that the definition of nature writing will shift so as to seem more mainstream; and that it will be seen as work as illuminating of American life, American politics and American social organization as were novels and essays inspired by the Industrial Revolution and its aftermath, by Freudian psychology, and by thesis about center, European history and essay on city vs village, culture in their time.

However it is on city, judged, like any worthy literature it should continue to undermine complacency, resist definition, and induce hope. * John C. Van Dyke's The Desert (1901); Theodora Krober's Ishi in Two Worlds (1961); Frank Waters' The Man Who Killed the Deer (1942); Gene Weltfish's The Lost Universe (1965); Henry Beston's The Outermost House (1928); William Eastlake's novella Portrait of the Artist with Twenty-Six Horses (1958); John Fowles' essay The Tree (1979) and John Berger's essay Why Look at essay, Animals? (1977); Kobo Abe's The Woman in the Dunes (1964); Robert Byron's The Road to Oxiana (1937); Faulkner's The Bear (1942); and John Baker's memoir and homage, The Peregrine (1967). I found a sense of what I wanted to be up to, too, in Thomas Hardy, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Emily Dickinson, and although this is a reiteration, in Crane, Cather and Steinbeck, and then in Carson and Matthiessen. Compare Education. And through it all, the life, linchpin for me was Moby-Dick .