Essays brave new world

Bunka Gakuen University Graduate School. New World. Ruth Barcan BA DipEd UoN PhD UQ, is a Senior Lecturer at The University of Sydney. Nudity is paradoxical-a bodily state that is seen as so banal or matter of fact that it is rarely given sustained conceptual or academic treatment, while all the while most societies subject it to intense regulation via customs, taboos, and intro to descriptive laws. Brave. Nudity is customarily imagined as a #8220;natural#8221; state-since we are all born naked-and yet its powerful social and locke essay cultural regulation means that it is anything but simple or natural. Nudity might seem so uncomplicated as to brave need no definition; it is simply the state of being without clothes. But this is too simple.

In the past, the word naked could mean clad only in an undergarment. In fine art, the term #8220;nude#8221; almost always includes semiclad or lightly draped bodies. So too, in some legal jurisdictions, the erect penis is legally #8220;nude#8221; even when covered in an opaque fabric. Conversely, some uncovered parts of the body-an elbow, a nose, a wrist, a face-are unlikely to be considered naked. Definitions of nudity, which are subject to historical and cultural variation, rely on assumptions about what counts as clothing. Vs Hobbes Essay. Defining nudity can also be an ideological or political matter. Are ornamentation, tattooing, feathers, skins, jewelry, or even hairstyles forms of clothing? This can matter greatly, as in the colonial context, where nudity was often seen as a sign of savagery.

Nakedness and clothing help define each other. They can function as #8220;nuclei#8221; of humans#8217; #8220;sense of order#8221; (Clark, p. Brave New World. 4), as in the following sample list of fundamental sense-making oppositions in the Western tradition: Nakedness vs. Clothing. Natural vs. Cultural.

Unchanging vs. Changeable. Invisible vs. Visible. Pure vs. Corrupt. Human Nature vs. Human Society. Pre-, Non- Anti-social vs. Social. These terms are valued according to context, blurry at their edges, and book report sheet occasionally reversible.

Thus, nakedness has been able to essays be imagined as both an indecent state needing to be covered by and contrast essay on online vs traditional education #8220;culture#8221; (clothing) and essays brave new world a pure state far superior to the indecent cultural masquerade of clothing. The nakedness of #8220;savages,#8221; for example, has been imagined as evidence of their inferior humanness-but it has also been subject to romanticization (the #8220;naturalness#8221; of the report, #8220;noble savage#8221;). In the essays brave, Western tradition, nudity can, broadly speaking, attract both positive and negative metaphorical meanings. Bingo. Mario Perniola has argued that these opposing meanings arise from the different metaphysics underlying the essays new world, Greek and the Judaic traditions. In the Platonic tradition, he argues, truth was understood as something to be unveiled. Nudity, therefore, accrued metaphorical meanings of truth, authenticity, and innocence. Moreover, in sculptural and athletic practice, the essay toerisme, ideal human figure was naked. In the Judaic tradition, however, in brave new world which the Godhead was imagined as gloriously veiled , nakedness was more likely to signify degradation, humiliation, or loss of book report personhood. It is important to essays stress that this is a simplification; there was internal complexity within, and interchange between, the two systems of meaning. In any case, metaphorical meanings and lived practice did not always match up; nor were the idealized meanings of nudity open to all types of naked bodies (for example, those of women, older men, or slaves).

English has two major terms for duurzaam, the state of undress: nakedness and nudity. Nakedness is the older word, coming from the Germanic family of languages. Nude is of Latin origin, entering the language in late Middle English. The original connotations of these terms persist-nakedness tends to new world suggest a raw, natural state, while nudity suggests a state of undress refined by culture into an aesthetic state. Within fine arts, this etymological nuance has been elaborated into a full-fledged aesthetic distinction between the thesis for research report, naked and the nude, a distinction most famously articulated by Kenneth Clark. Put simply, Clark#8217;s opposition is this: nakedness is the #8220;raw#8221; human body, the human body without clothes.

Nudity results when the essays new world, artist works on that raw material. Thus, the nude is not a subject of art but a form of art (p. 3). John Berger glosses it thus: nakedness is vs hobbes essay, a starting point and the nude is #8220;a way of essays brave seeing#8221; (p. 53). Nakedness is imperfect and individual; the nude is ideal and thesis universal. Nakedness is nature; nudity, culture.

The artist#8217;s work de-particularizes the new world, model#8217;s nakedness, lifting it into ideality. #8220;It is widely supposed that the naked human body is in itself an object upon which the eye dwells with pleasure and which we are glad to see depicted. But anyone who has frequented art schools and intro to descriptive essays seen the shapeless, pitiful model which the students are industriously drawing will know that this is an illusion#8221; (Clark, p. 3). Conceptually, the difference relies on the myth of an unmediated original bodily state-as though there were in the first place some raw #8220;nature#8221; untouched by culture. The opposition also depends on underlying value judgments that have made it politically unpalatable to some. Some feminists, for example, have seen much to essays brave criticize in Clark#8217;s denigration of the naked as a pitiful state. We are, says Clark, #8220;disturbed#8221; by the natural imperfection of the naked body, and we admire the essay, classical scheme that eliminates flaws, wrinkles, and signs of organic process: #8220;A mass of naked figures does not move us to empathy, but to disillusion and essays new world dismay. We do not wish to imitate; we wish to perfect#8221; (p.

4). For many feminists, such unabashed idealism is not only conceptually untenable, it is politically suspect, since it denigrates the (traditionally feminized) body. #8220;[I]n our Diogenes search for physical beauty, our instinctive desire is not to toerisme imitate but to perfect. This is part of our Greek inheritance … #8216;Art,'[Aristotle] says, #8216;completes what nature cannot bring to a finish'#8221; (Clark, p. 9). New World. Clearly, the idealizing processes Clark describes are not limited to classical art. Essay Duurzaam. They are the backbone of the glamorizing tendencies of contemporary consumer culture, as critics such as John Berger first pointed out. Contemporary advertising favors smoothed, youthful surfaces, and it employs its own techniques, including image manipulation, to essays brave new world ensure that bodily ideals do not #8220;disturb#8221; us with signs of imperfection.

It is not hard to see why feminists have by and large been less than enthusiastic about the distinction between the naked and the nude, since they are critical of the pressures that such idealization puts on women, especially, and argue that dissatisfaction with the #8220;natural#8221; body is a major cause of psychological and cultural malaise. Barcan, Ruth. Nudity: A Cultural Anatomy . Oxford: Berg, 2004. . #8220;Female Exposure and didion on morality essay the Protesting Woman.#8221; Cultural Studies Review 8 no. Essays New World. 2 (2002): 62-82. Berger, John. Ways of Seeing . Didion On Morality. London: BBC; Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972. Explores the naked/nude distinction in art and advertising.

Clark, Kenneth. The Nude: A Study of Ideal Art . Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1956. Classic discussion; source of essays naked/nude distinction. Hollander, Anne. Seeing through Clothes . Locke. Berkeley: University of essays brave California Press, 1993.

Miles, Margaret R. Carnal Knowing: Female Nakedness and Religious Meaning in the Christian West . On Morality Essay. Boston: Beacon Press, 1989. Nead, Lynda. The Female Nude: Art, Obscenity, and Sexuality . London: Routledge, 1992. Feminist text that includes an essays brave, extended critique of the naked/nude distinction. Perniola, Mario. #8220;Between Clothing and Nudity.#8221; Translated by Roger Friedman.

In Fragments for a History of the Human Body. Part Two , pp. 236-265. Edited by didion on morality Michel Feher, with Ramona Naddaff and Nadia Tazi. New York: Zone, 1989.

Outline of nakedness in Greek and Judaic traditions. Nudism is the practice of nonsexual social nudity, usually in mixed-sex groups, often at specially defined locations, such as nude beaches or nudist clubs. Nudism can be differentiated from the practice of spontaneous or private nude bathing (#8220;skinny-dipping#8221;) in that it is an new world, ongoing, self-conscious and systematic philosophy or lifestyle choice, rather than a spontaneous decision to essay duurzaam toerisme disrobe. Nudists believe in the naturalness of the naked body, and in the medicinal, therapeutic, or relaxing properties of unself-conscious social nudity. They believe that modesty and shame are socially imposed restrictions on the freedom of the naked body, and that eroticism is not a necessary condition of nakedness. They frequently emphasize the importance of total nudity, arguing that partial concealment is more sexual than total exposure. Nudism arose in Germany at the turn of the brave, twentieth century, and vs traditional education spread through Europe, the United States, and Australia. The so-called #8220;father of brave new world nudism#8221; was the German Heinrich Pudor (real name Heinrich Scham), who coined the term Nacktkultur (#8220;naked culture#8221;) and whose book Nackende Menschen (Naked man [1894]) was probably the first book on nudism. On Morality. Richard Ungewitter (author of Die Nacktheit [1906]) is more widely known as the founder of nudism, his reputation having survived Pudor#8217;s accusations of plagiarism. Essays New World. Nudism flourished in Germany, France, England, elsewhere in Europe, and in compare education vs traditional education the United States, but its advocates often had to fend off legal challenges or accusations of new world depravity. While nudism had distinctive national flavors, and on morality essay there was occasionally some rivalry (especially between the French and the Germans), there was also considerable communication, influence, and overlap between nudist cultures.

Nudism was known by many names: in brave new world Germany, as Nacktkultur, Freikorperkultur (free-body culture), or Lichtkultur (light culture); in France as nudisme, naturisme , or libre-culture (free culture), and in England as Gymnosophy or naturism. Germanic nudism was a proletarian movement, mostly communitarian and ascetic in style. Locke. Its constituency was largely the unemployed and the working poor. By and large however, nudism was a movement endorsed and organized by essays brave educated people-physicians, scientists, lawyers, clergy, and, in France especially, occasionally by members of the intro to descriptive, aristocracy. Nudism produced an extensive proselytizing literature. Key nudist figures or writers of the 1920s and essays new world 1930s included: in Germany, Adolf Koch, Paul Zimmerman, and Hans Suren; in on morality essay France, Marcel Kienne de Mongeot, the Durville brothers, and Pierre Vachet; in new world the United States, Maurice Parmelee and Frances and Mason Merrill; and in England, the Reverend Clarence Norwood, John Langdon-Davies, and William Welby. Nudists often met with religious opposition, but there were also many openly Christian nudists, who argued that it was time for Christianity to rid itself of superstition. Early nudism was a medical, philosophical, and political movement.

Its key contentions were the therapeutic benefit of unhindered access to sun and air, and report the psychological benefit of an open relation to the naked body. Nudist writing commonly begins with cross-cultural and historical examples demonstrating the relativity of shame and modesty, before proceeding to brave new world expound the psychological, moral, social, and physical benefits of nudity. Clothing was considered to be both an instrument of class oppression and a major cause of ill health. Nudists claimed that an excess of shame and modesty bred psychological complexes, unhealthy relations between the sexes, and produced bodies that were both unhealthy and an affront to beauty. The contribution of on morality nudism to the aesthetics of the essays new world, race was regularly cited as one of its benefits. Maurice Parmelee, for example, argued that nudism would contribute to a more #8220;beautiful mankind#8221; (p. 179). Some nudist clubs banned the disabled and the corpulent as a punishment for unhygienic lifestyles, but other nudists were troubled by too strong an emphasis on the aesthetic: #8220;While extreme cases of deformity and mutilation can be so distressing and painful to view that there may be some justification for such exclusion, it is vs hobbes essay, of supreme importance that the gymnosophy movement be maintained on a lofty humanitarian plane (Parmelee, pp. Essays Brave. 179-180) #8220; The relation between nudism and eugenics was complex, and use of an aesthetic discourse is no simple marker of eugenic thought or of fascism. Although Pudor, for example, was overtly anti-Semitic, Karl Toepfer warns that there was no #8220;deep, inherent connection#8221; between Germanic body culture and Nazism (p.

9). Nudism was neither simply reactionary nor progressive. On the one hand, it was a trenchant critique of modernity. Nudist physicians lamented the and contrast essay vs traditional, soot-choked air of industrial cities and the lack of exposure to fresh air and sunlight of essays new world most working people. Socialist accounts argued that this physical malaise was compounded by the role of clothing in effecting oppressive social stratification; clothes were seen as masking the innate equality of all people.

Some nudist writing is characterized by a romantic and nostalgic evocation of nature, a conception no doubt aided by the use in England and didion on morality France of the euphemistic alternative #8220;naturism#8221; (a term that, incidentally, appears to be gaining some favor in contemporary nudism as a more #8220;acceptable#8221; term than nudism). Brave. For many writers, however, nudism was emphatically not a return to nature. Locke. As Parmelee put it, the idea that nudists want to discard anything artificial or man-made was #8220;manifest folly#8221; (p. 15). Scientists and physicians saw nudism not as a return to Eden (although this trope certainly occurred in nudist writing), but as a path forward to essays brave a shining new modernity in which science, rather than superstition, would lead the way.

Nudism was thus not (only) nostalgic but also saw itself as modern and rational . Bingo. Nudist writing intersected with a raft of other modern discourses-heliotherapy (sun-cure), sexology, socialism, feminism, and eugenics. Caleb Saleeby, for example, was a fervent advocate of essays new world nudism, heliotherapy, and eugenics (he was Chairman of the National Birthrate Commission and author of toerisme a number of brave new world books on eugenics). Sexologist Havelock Ellis considered nudism to be an extension of the dress reform movement for women, and Maurice Parmelee saw it as a powerful adjunct to book bingo sheet feminism. Ennemond Boniface was a socialist nudist, who fervently believed that nudism was an essays, alternative to bloody socialist revolution, and would bring about a new naturist era in which all would be equal under the sun (see sidebar). For many, nudism was not just a therapeutic practice; it was a revolutionary plan for an egalitarian utopia. There are a number of forms of contemporary organized nudism, each with a somewhat distinct culture: nude beaches, nudist resorts, nudist clubs, and swim-nights. #8220;Clothes optional#8221; resorts are becoming more common in and contrast vs traditional education some countries, as part of the growth of naturist tourism. The utopian and political underpinning of early nudism has largely disappeared. Nudism has remained a minor practice, and it has by and large mutated into a #8220;lifestyle#8221; chosen by individuals rather than either a medical practice or a program for essays new world, social reform.

Contemporary nudists tend to be more private and less evangelical about their practice, and they are unlikely to see it as connected to any form of radical philosophy or politics. The major benefits are, they believe, a relaxed lifestyle and a healthy body image. The French socialist Ennemond Boniface predicted that nudism would bring about the end of vs hobbes capitalism: #8220;[T]here will be an exodus … from the cities, and the willing return … to essays brave the good nourishing earth. Intro To Descriptive. Little by little, men will desert the monstrous, nauseating agglomerations [of our] towns, in order to found … new and increasingly numerous naturist towns. Then … the factories, those places of hard labor where decent folk are imprisoned, will progressively become empty. The ferocious reign of the industrialist and his accomplice the banker will be over#8221; (Salardenne, p. 93).

Body image is, in fact, the one social issue around which nudists are likely to brave new world be united in their opinion. Whereas for the early nudists, one of the prime benefits of nudism was that it would promote healthy, beautiful bodies and, by social selection, contribute to for research the elimination of brave unhygienic or unappealing bodies, contemporary nudists see nudism as a way of escaping the debilitating effects of the modern obsession with the body beautiful. They believe that nudism teaches one to be comfortable with one#8217;s body, whatever it looks like. Barcan, Ruth. Essay. Nudity: A Cultural Anatomy . Brave. Oxford: Berg 2004. #8212; #8220;#8216;The Moral Bath of Bodily Unconsciousness#8217;: Female Nudism, Bodily Exposure and the Gaze.#8221; Continuum: Journal of Media and Cultural Studies 15.3 (2001): 305-319. On contemporary female nudists#8217; accounts of the benefits of nudism. Clapham, Adam, and Robin Constable.

As Nature Intended: A Pictorial History of the Nudists . Locke Vs Hobbes. Los Angeles: Elysium Growth Press, 1982. New World. Useful history. Clarke, Magnus. Intro To Descriptive Essays. Nudism in Australia: A First Study . Victoria: Deakin University Press, 1982. A comprehensive study. Merrill, Frances, and Mason, Merrill. Nudism Comes to essays new world America . New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1932. Norwood, C. E. Book Sheet. (Rev). Nudism in England . London: Noel Douglas, 1933.

Parmelee, Maurice. Nudism in Modern Life: The New Gymnosophy . Essays New World. London: Noel Douglas, 1929. An account of the benefits of nudism by a nudist physician, with an introduction by Havelock Ellis. Pudor, Heinrich [Heinrich Scham]. Intro Essays. Naked People: A Triumph-Shout of the Future . Translation by essays brave Kenneth Romanes.

Peterborough: Reason Books, 1998 [1894]. Earliest nudist text; little read. Salardenne, Roger. Report Sheet. Le nu integrale chez les nudistes francais: Reportage dans les principaux centres . Paris: Prima, 1931. Saleeby, C. W. Sunlight and Health . London: Nisbit and Company, 1923.

A eugenic view. Toepfer, Karl. Empire of Ecstasy: Nudity and Movement in German Body Culture, 1910-1935 . Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.

Penelope, Virtuous Wife of Odysseus. Penelope was the essays brave new world, wife of intro to descriptive essays Odysseus who waited over twenty years for. him to return home to her. She was the daughter of Icarius of brave Sparta, brother of Tyndareus. Thus, she was the cousin of Helen and Clytemnestra. She bore only one son, Telemachus, to Odysseus. Her name is essay toerisme, ?????????? — Penelope — ‘spindle loosener’ from Indo-European ‘(s)pen(-d)-‘, ‘to pull, spin’; ‘el- ‘to destroy’; and op- ‘to work, perform, bring about’.

This name was given her because of the trick she pulled on brave new world, the suitors. Report? She probably had a different name before that. What Penelope did was to new world, show that when a man and thesis for research report, a woman are. faithful to one another, then things will work out for the best. She was loyal and devoted, and she knew how to put a. man to the test. New World? Her proposal to intro to descriptive essays, test the wooers with the bow of. Odysseus gave Odysseus the advantage that he needed. One important role is that she anchors the kingship of. Ithaca. At the time of the brave, Trojan war kings were determined by a. matrilineal scheme. Penelope was the queen and Odysseus became.

king by marrying Penelope. If Penelope were to give up on. Odysseus then the man she married would become king of Ithaca. The wooers were hoping she would choose one of them. She did not begin her life in this way though. It was her father’s brother, Tyndareus, who was king. Odysseus was one of the original suitors of Helen and came to the Spartan court for that purpose.

It is possible that the duurzaam, hand of Penelope was a reward to Odysseus arranged by Tyndareus. It was Odysseus who had proposed the oath that settled the suit for Helen. Essays New World? Tyndareus was grateful that Helen’s suitors did not organize against him. But Odysseus gained little by marrying Penelope. In fact, though it was normal for the man to vs hobbes essay, move to new world, the woman’s land and rule, Penelope left with Odysseus to be queen in his land. They must have loved each other deeply for and contrast essay on online vs traditional Odysseus to choose this option. (Image Left) “Then the goddess, flashing-eyed Athena, took other counsel. She made a phantom, and likened it in form to brave new world, a woman, Iphthime, daughter of great-hearted Icarius, whom Eumelus wedded, whose home was in Pherae.

And she sent it to the house of essay on online education divine Odysseus, [800] to Penelope in essays brave the midst of her wailing and lamenting, to bid her cease from weeping and tearful lamentation.” Homer, Odyssey 4.795. It is essay, interesting to note that even Odysseus was put to the test. Penelope’s father, Icarus is new world, said to education vs traditional, have offered his daughter to anyone who could best him in a footrace. It is said that Odysseus did this. Brave? But one wonders why there would have been such a race if there was no kingdom to win. She was also an example of the benefit of familial love. And Contrast On Online Education? It. was the case that during the Trojan wars many of the soldiers won. women as prizes. The women thus won were no better than slaves. If they were valued for sex then they were used for sex.

Some. women were valued for essays brave their skills such as nursing, or cooking. These women became servants in the warrior’s home. Before the. Trojan war Agamemnon and Clytemnestra were king and queen of. Mycenae. To Descriptive? They were separated by essays brave the Trojan war for over 10 years. You can only imagine how Clytemnestra must have felt when. Agamemnon returned with Cassandra, one of the most beautiful and. intelligent women in the world, as a prize. There was no familial.

love here. And if Agamemnon was to remain king he would have to. keep Clytemnestra happy because of the matrilinial nature of his. kingship. It is no wonder Clytemnestra killed him. Now compare. this situation to the one with Odysseus and Penelope. Penelope could have chosen a husband from one of the wooers. Her new husband would be king.

He would then take care of her and. kill Odysseus if he returned. Odysseus could have stayed with. Calypso forever. But since Penelope and Odysseus shared a. familial love for one another, she confounded the wooers, and he. came home with gifts, but no women prizes. Another role Penelope had was to recognize Odysseus. Because. Penelope and on morality, Odysseus loved one another, their intimacy allowed.

her to know things about essays brave new world Odysseus that other persons did not know. She provided the test of the bow not to find which wooer was best, but to and contrast essay on online, find which one was Odysseus. What she did is extremely important to consider since it really is the essays brave new world, basis for society. She could not appeal to force as so often is used to settle differences. Rather she appealed to custom and duurzaam, used her knowledge of essays brave custom to influence the suitors. This is remarkable in view of the fact that the suitors constituted a small army that could force their way upon Penelope, her son, and their loyal servants as soon as they were organized. But Penelope interfered with their organization.

In the intro to descriptive essays, development of society customs are developed and customs often become laws. One can see in the story of Penelope the ancient Greek emphasis on brave new world, law. In so far as she can Penelope encourages the suitors to obey the laws as defined by custom. Intro To Descriptive Essays? In book XVIII Penelope states,”But I have a bitter humiliation of to bear, Your way of wooing a wife was never seen before. Those who would win a woman of rank and wealth, vie with one another in offering herds of cattle and flocks of essays brave sheep, and feasting the lady’s friends , and heaping gifts one her; they do not devour the duurzaam, wealth of another without compensation..” She explains the custom here. Brave New World? But it is locke vs hobbes, also an opportunity to essays brave, get the wooers to thesis report, compete rather than unite. In this way Penelope interefered with their organization. There are other suggestions about what she did to influence the suitors. In book XV it is said, “She does not often appear when those men are present; she keeps clear of brave new world them and goes on with her weaving in her own rooms.” She also attended to her appearance as is stated in book XVIII “… for thesis report you are the pearl of brave new world women for beauty and intelligence too!” In the and contrast, development of new world society customs are developed and sheet, customs often become laws. As with the case of Penelope the law can be used to protect the brave, vulnerable against and contrast essay education, the mighty.

Penelope uses her knowledge of custom to see that custom is interpreted by the suitors in brave her favor. In fact this is basis of justice. You can look upon what Penelope did as guile but this is didion on morality essay, not actually correct. In the Odyssey it is plain the wooers are the evil ones. In book III Nestor says, “…they do say that there are a great number of men in your house, seeking your mother’s hand in essays brave new world marriage against your will, full of evil schemes.” Then he says, “Who knows if some day he(Odysseus) may come and take vengeance for their violence.” Ultimately this vengeance is a threat to society.

In book XXIV Athena asks Zeus, “Will you still contrive war upon war and battle upon battle. Will you make peace between these two parties.” Then Zeus replies, “But I will tell you what seems like the right thing. Now that Odysseus has had his vengeance, let them make up the quarrel, and let him continue to be prince as before; but let us pacify the essay, blood-feud for the dead sons and brothers; let them all be friends as before, and let peace and plenty abide with them.” Ultimately this is the place of law, to state what is evil and how it shall be punished. Once law is applied there is essays new world, no need for vengeance and peace and prosperity can return. One of the points that can be made of the story is book bingo sheet, that even though women are weaker than men there are tools available to keep them from being overpowered. The main tool is the rule of law, but even before laws customs could be used. Also when men do evil they should be punished, but not so as to start a feud or cycle of vengeance. There is no reason to believe that Odysseus and Penelope lived happily ever after. The son of Odysseus by Circe, Telegonos, searched for his father and killed Odysseus by accident. He then took Penelope as his wife. In this he accomplished what the suitors of brave new world Penelope could not an took control of the Kingdom of Ithaca according to that custom.

He might do this so the kingdom would not fall into the hands of some non-relative. Penelope is supposed to have born a son, Italus, to Telogonus. Click on one of the following to see a picture of. More recent pictures of Penelope: Odyssey: A Journey Back Home (1997), VHS. Ulysses, king of Ithaca, has just won the Trojan War. Now he wants to return home to bingo, his beloved wife, Penelope, son, Telemachus. A new look at this classic tale of faith, courage, patience family unity. For children. Van Nortwick, Thomas, The Unknown Odysseus , University of Michigan, 2008. To ask a question about essays new world this topic note the locke essay, topic (Penelope) and.

Penelope and Her Impact on Greek Art and Culture. Question: How is brave new world, Penelope a moral heroine for later generations? Answer: She was true to her husband in spite of intro to descriptive compelling reasons to. give him up. She managed to raise her son by her husband by herself and.

she kept his estate as well as anyone could. When her husband returned she. was able to essays new world, assist him in defeating his adversaries. Question: Do you have any quotes from Penelope? Answer: There are many quotes from Penelope in the Odyssey. Here is her last challenge to the Suitors: ‘Listen, my lords. You have fastened on the house, in the long.

absence of its master, as the locke vs hobbes essay, scene of your perpetual feasts, and. you could offer no better pretext for you conduct than you wish. to win my hand in marriage. Essays Brave? That being the prize, come forward. now, my gallant lords; for and contrast essay education I challenge you to essays brave new world, try your skill on. the great bow of King Odysseus. And whichever man among you. proves the handiest at stringing the for research report, bow and shoots an arrow. through every one of the twelve axes, with that man I will go, bidding goodbye to this house which welcomed me as a bride, this. lovely house so full of new world all good things, this home that even in.

my dreams I never shall forget.’ Question: What virtues does Penelope possess? Answer: She was loyal and devoted, and she knew how to intro to descriptive essays, put a. man to the test. Her proposal to essays brave new world, test the wooers with the bow of. Odysseus gave Odysseus the thesis report, advantage that he needed. Question: What are the strength and weakness of essays brave new world Penelope in. Odyssey and of that time period?

Answer: Her great strength was her constancy. Her husband had. left her well provided for. She was beautiful, and didion essay, talented as. well. Essays Brave? Her main weakness was that she cried a lot while her. husband was gone. Question: Why is Penelope only described as “faithful” Answer: That is her most notable quality, but not her only.

Question:do you have any paintings or poems related to Penelope’s. out-smarting her suitors? Answer: The Qdyssey by Homer is a poem in the original Greek. This is where the story of on morality essay Penelope is told. A picture is essays new world, available of. Penelope at her loom: Question: Is Penelope a conventional greek women or is she the one who break.

Answer: Penelope was an exceptional Greek woman. Question: Why was Penelope an exceptional Greek women?Thanks. Answer: Penelope waited for essay duurzaam toerisme her husband to return from the war even 20. years. This is in new world spite of the fact that she had plenty of money and compare and contrast on online education, could. have chosen another husband easily. In fact fifty or more suitors wanted, and expected her to do this. But she remained loyal to her husband.

The. first ten years was not so hard because there was news from Troy and. Odysseus was always par of it. The second ten years was harder because. Odysseus was hidden on the Island of Ogygia and everyone thought he was. Question: How is Penelope different from the role of brave new world women in Ancient Greek to. Answer: Penelope is a queen who possesses considerable property. Thesis For Research Report? She also.

determines who will be king. During the classical period there were no queens. and women were not allowed to own property in essays brave new world most of Greece. When. Clytemnestra was killed, the practice of determining the essay duurzaam, king by who the. queen married, was ended. Question: Thank you for you time and brave, help!

I am writing an essay about Penelope, and. basically had the and contrast education, same view on what you wrote, but what I wanted to know is. how is she characterized in terms of what themes and ideas is her character. associated, and how her role contributes to the narrative? If you could help. me and explain more about it I would really appreciate it! Answer: Penelope forms an important part of his goal, home. Circe and Calypso are.

tempters that promise anonymity for Odysseus, but Penelope promises. fulfillment. Through her scheming she also manages to essays brave, maintain his home. against the demands of the wooers. Her tests for them are more of the same. but they finally serve to locke vs hobbes, prove Odysseus worthy and he conquers them. New World? She is. not a heroine in the same sense as Odysseus, but she is locke vs hobbes essay, a heroine in her own. Question: Why did Odysseus choose Penelope over Calypso? Answer: Calypso symbolized oblivion.

With Calypso Odysseus would live as an eternal nobody. Penelope symbolized home. By returning to Penelope Odysseus would claim his eternal fame as a hero. Question: what is the real image of Penelope in the Odyssey and why is she considered a stereotype? Answer: The reality of Penelope is brave new world, quite blurred by the fact that she lived. over 3250 years ago and that the bingo sheet, only stories about essays brave her were written down. at least 250 years after the author of the story lived. Yet, in thesis spite of their. great age these stories are very compelling on several levels and seem to. bear truths of universal value.

Penelope is the stereotype of the essays new world, faithful. wife because she waited 20 long years for her husband to return from war. Question: How does the feminist look at the character of Penelope? Answer: Penelope bent social convention to get her way. Question: Why is Penelope being pressured to marry? Can she not remain. Answer: Penelope is Queen of Ithaca and thesis, whoever she marries will become King. She has the additional pressure of having to appease the wooers because they. constitute an army stronger than her own. As long as she can keep them. competing with each other they will not organize and become an army that.

defeats her. The leader of the wooers could conquer her, kill her, and new world, declare. himself king. It is to Penelope’s credit that this never happens. Question: In what ways does Penelope take part in the development of. Answer: In Book I Penelope says: ‘So dear a head do I long for in constant memory, namely, that. man whose fame is thesis, noised abroad from Hellas to brave, mid Argos.’ A little later in Book IV she says: ‘Long ago when ye were children, ye marked not your fathers’ telling, what manner of thesis report man was. Odysseus among them, one that wrought no iniquity toward.

any man, nor spake aught unrighteous in the township, as is. the wont of divine kings. One man a king is like to hate, another he might chance to love. But never did he do aught. at all presumptuously to any man. Essays Brave? Nay, it is duurzaam, plain what.

spirit ye are of, and your unseemly deeds are manifest to. all, nor is there any gratitude left for kindness done.’ “For erewhile I lost my noble lord of the lion. heart, adorned with all perfection among the Danaans, my. good lord, whose fame is new world, noised abroad from thesis for research, Hellas to mid. Then she refers to Odysseus as,

Question: What about Penelope as the one being tested in the Odyssey? Answer: I do not think so. The suitors are not much of a temptation. They are never presented in a way that seems close to Odysseus. But. her skill is brave new world, often overlooked. Essays? The suitors represent an army of considerable. force.

But she keeps them disorganized and ineffective. She maintains. her household in spite of their rampage. Question: Do you have any original paintings of Penelope and her husband. Answer: There is no painting that was done when they were alive. But later. paintings were made during the brave new world, classical Greek period.

See them above. For. Question: How Penelope identify Odysseus. Answer: Penelope asked her maids to bring her bed to locke essay, her. Odysseus rebuked. her because he had made the bed out of essays brave new world a living tree which was rooted in the. ground and could not be moved. Didion Essay? Penelope knew the new world, man who knew these details. of her bed must be Odysseus. Question: Where can I find pictures of to descriptive essays Penelope. Answer: Click on new world, the links above to see the pictures.

Question: Where can I fin information about Laertes-Odyssey”s father. Answer: All the information about Laertes is in the Odyssey. Question: is there any picture of vs hobbes Nestor’s palace? Answer: Maybe. Brave? No classical art illustrates Nestor’s palace because it. was gone almost 800 years before. But archeological work has uncovered a. Mycenaean palace at Pylos, Nestor’s home. So far there has been no. archeological identification made, but this is still possible.

See the. Question: What is penelope’s personality like? Answer: She is referred to as constant Penelope. She was intelligent and. obviously a talented weaver. Question: Please discuss metaphor in relation to the Odyssey. I think that. many of the larger issues of the Odyssey were glaringly absent in this.

discussion of this important work. Answer: The Odyssey is a poem, full of metaphor. But this topic is to descriptive, too. big. Which aspect or metaphor would you develop? Question: Did Penelope ever feel pitty for what happened to Helen? Answer: Her steward Eumaeus had the following opinion of Helen: “But he hath perished, as I would that all the stock of Helen had perished. utterly, forasmuch as she hath caused the loosening of many a man’s knees.” (Odyssey, Book XIV) Later she says to Odysseus: “Nay even Argive. Helen, daughter of Zeus, would not have lain with a. stranger, and taken him for a lover, had she known that the.

warlike sons of the Achaeans would bring her home again to. her own dear country. Howsoever, it was the brave new world, god that set. her upon this shameful deed; nor ever, ere that, did she. lay up in her heart the thought of this folly, a bitter. folly, whence on report sheet, us too first came sorrow.” (Odyssey, Book XXIII) She could have been disgusted with her as her steward was, but instead. she felt Helen had been a victim of the deities whims and not responsible. Question: what’s the role of new world Penelope as a mother during that 20 years? Answer: During the twenty years of Odysseus’ absence penelope maintained. his household and raised his son.

Question: I am doing a paper the question is Image of women in the bilbe and. odyssey. I have to portray two sweet women and two evil could you tell me more. about Penelope and didion on morality, why she was so great. Answer: Penelope was very constant and faithful.

Two women who did evil. things are Medea and Clytemnestra. Two women who did kind things are Antigone. Question: how did Penelope change from the begining of the story to the end. of it. Brave? Did her character change a lot?

Answer: The actual time frame of the Odyssey is perhaps only a month during. which time Penelope changes very little. Question: what makes her so differentfrom other females in the Odyssey? Answer: Penelope is very wise and essay, skilled at manipulating men. She is also. very loyal and waits 20 years for her husband’s return. Question: What is Homer attempting tosay through the character?

Answer: Penelope forms the goal of Odysseus but you should remember that. the Odyssey is not a work of fiction. Homer was constrained to tell the truth, not to manipulate characters according to his own design. Homer was able to. make changes in how the brave new world, story was told and to emphasize one thing over another. Question: How do Penelope and helen compare to other Greek wives? Answer: Penelope and Helen were both queens. In the classical period there. were no queens. No wife was devoted as Penelope or as beautiful as Helen, but the duurzaam toerisme, Greek wives were very important and respected.

Question: How maternal is Penelope? Answer: Maternal enough to have given birth to a son and raised him to. adulthood. Essays? But not so maternal as to have sex with every suitor who came. through her door, so by the time she was forty she had only one child. instead of a dozen. Question: What do you make of the numerous times that PEnelope is referred. to as “Circumspect Penelope,” paying particular attention to the context in. which she is referred to as such? Answer: You really need to look at essay duurzaam, the original Greek to see what word is. being translated.

In the translation provided by the Gutenberg project. she is described as wise Penelope 45 times and constant Penelope 8 times. The word circumspect appears nowhere in this translation. Question: How does Penelope deal with the male warrior-culture. in Greek society and retributive justice? Answer: She keeps her suitors competing with each other rather than allowing.

them to unite. She cannot defeat them so she keeps delaying them. She does. not deny them but really gives them nothing but hope. Question: How does Penelope deal with the powers and. responsibilities women assume in their society?

Answer: Penelope does an excellent job of manipulating things to go her way. She has an excellent control of the powers normally available to a woman and. she uses these powers to great effect. Question: how are odysseus and brave new world, penelope portrayed as a couple. Answer: They are devoted to each other. Question: what was her personality like. Answer: She was very constant. Question: What were Penelopes physical characteristics? Answer: She was a beautiful woman. Question: if you had to on morality, pick someone that Penelope would be most like these.

days who would it be? Like if she came as someone else into the 21st century. who would she be? Answer: I would pick Hillary Clinton. Question: What skills does Penelope use throughout the essays brave new world, Odyssey that makes.

her a strong woman character? Answer: Her patience and her wisdom. Question: Who was the god of the compare education vs traditional education, sea? Question: Is Penelope good looking? Answer: Yes. Penelope was a beautiful woman. Question: What is penelope weaving during the absence of Odysseus? Answer: In ancient Greece activities were divided by essays brave sex and. weaving was a task performed by women. Tasks were also divided by. class but even a women of the highest class could weave.

The result. was that Penelope spent most of her time weaving. She would have. woven articles of clothing and to descriptive, items for the household including. drapes, towels, and rugs. Essays New World? She manipulated the wooers by claiming to. be weaving a shroud for the father of Odysseus, Laertes. This.

was a cloth covering for his body after he died for use during his. Question: Can I have more information on essay duurzaam toerisme, Penelope goddess of essays brave new world fate? Answer: Penelope seems to be confused with the intro to descriptive essays, goddess of fate because both. Question: Penelope seemed to be very compassionate toward. Odysseus. Can you explain why? Why didn’t she fall in love. with another suitor? Wasn’t there one similar to essays brave, Odysseus?

Answer: If there had been one moral suitor, he would have sent the essay toerisme, others. away and left himself. The suitors were all just pretenders. New World? If. Odysseus had died Penelope could have easily found another husband. The. suitors were looking for an easy way to advance themselves and she wanted. someone who could do worthy work. As it was she did not know that Odysseus. had died and she did not want to forsake him.

After all she bore his child. Actually, no one would have stood up to didion on morality, Odysseus. He has proved himself to. be worth the attentions of humanity for over 3000 years. His deeds are still.

Question: Do you have a picture of brave Laertes? I need it asap. Answer: These represent the essay, way the Greeks would have imaged him: Question: Why do you compare Penelope to Hillary Clinton? Answer: Both stood by their husbands in spite of their wanderings. Question: OK! I really need to know what the essays brave, assistant to the queen would be like. Report Bingo? Would.

she be considered a slave? What kinds of tasks would she do for essays brave new world the queen? What would she wear? How old would she be? Would she have any liberties? Please help me.

I need to make a fictional character and write about her and. I want to do some queen’s personal assistant. Answer: In the essay, heroic time of ancient Mycenae when Penelope was queen, her. assistant would be a slave. Eurycleia was such an brave new world assistant: Question: what was penelope weaving at for research report, the time she was. Answer: A shroud for her father in law. Question: How would you compare and contrast Penelope and. Answer: Penelope was a constant goal to a wandering man. Essays Brave New World? Calypso was a. wavering diversion for a man who was stuck. Answer: Telemachus was the didion, son of Odysseus and new world, Penelope.

Question: I am doing a project pertaining to the Odysseus. I have to. design a wardrobe that someone in the poem would have worn. Can you tell me. if there was any special design on her clothing that Penelope wore as a. symbol of Ithaca? Answer: The wardrobe of Penelope is for research report, quite a challenge.

The classical. Greeks pictured her in peplos or chiton, but archeology suggests an. outfit more like the new world, Minoans. This means fancy flounded skirt, girdle. and vest that reveals the breasts. Penelope was most likely a Mycenaean. but no remains have been found on Ithaca. Question: I am trying to find the letter that Penelope wrote to Odysseus. Answer: Homer does not mention such a letter. Didion On Morality Essay? A letter written by.

Ovid can be found at: Click here. Question: Penelope plays the role of a “passive” hero only essays brave new world because she. merely hold of those who would marry her she does not do anything actively. to restore order in her community. Could you please give me some insight.

Answer: The suitors together would constitute a small army of book report bingo 50 men. If Penelope does anything to cause them to band together then they have the. power to get their way. What she does causes them to stay divided and. unable to force their will upon her. New World? In this way she maintains some control. over them. She cannot defeat them so she uses her resourses to prevent them.

from defeating her. She is not really passive, but rather is divisive. Question: What are some characteristics of an thesis for research report epic? a long descriptive poem, composed within an oral tradition, words are chosen according to a traditional scheme, the rhythm and essays, rhyme is chosen according to a traditional scheme, describes ancient heroes and their adventures. Question: What did Odysseus wear?

When he arrived in Phaecia he was naked. Nausicaa gave him soft robes to wear. When he arrived in Ithaca he put on rags as a disguise. When he fought the wooers he put on armour. Question: Why do you think Penelope’s reunion was not the end othe book and why he includes the events of book XXIV? Answer: The story ends when he unites his family and recovers his authority. He would not keep Penelope without that. Question: What does Penelope show as she unravels the shroud she waved?

Question: Thanks so much for sheet the wealth of info ont his site. I have one question? What is the comparison and contrast between Penelope in essays brave The Odysseus and Lysistrata in for research report Lysistrata. Answer: The ancient Greeks thought Penelope was a real person while this. does not seem to be true of Lysistrata. To read about Penelope you must. consult a number of independent sources. All about Lysistrata comes from a. play by essays the same name.

Question: I need to compare and contrast Penelope with Andromache. Can you. Answer: Both Penelope and Andromache were devoted wives who received a. speech about how they were to essay education, be confined to housework and leave war to men. Penelope regained her husband while Andromache lost hers. Penelope was.

able to raise her baby to manhood, while Andromache lost hers in the sack of. Troy. Andromache became a spoil of Troy, but her second husband did not last. long. Essays Brave New World? Her third husband provided more satisfaction than either of the first. two. It was predicted in the Iliad that if Hector was killed she would. become someone’s slave drudge. Essay? But instead she became a queen.

Question: im studying Captain Correli’s mandolin and my teacher says there. is a correlation between Pelegia who sews a waistcoat for her lover at war. and Penelope sewing in the story of new world ‘aeneid’. I hope this makes sense to you. Please can you give me some information on penelope’s sewing. Answer: Here is the section in the Odyssey: “She (Penelope) set up a great tambour frame in locke vs hobbes her. room, and began to essays new world, work on an enormous piece of fine needlework. ‘Sweet hearts,’ said she, ‘Odysseus is indeed dead, still do not.

press me to marry again immediately, wait–for I would not have. skill in needlework perish unrecorded–till I have completed a. pall for thesis the hero Laertes, to essays brave, be in readiness against the time. when death shall take him. He is very rich, and thesis, the women of the. place will talk if he is laid out without a pall.’ This was what she said, and we assented; whereon we could see.

her working on her great web all day long, but at night she. would unpick the stitches again by torchlight. She fooled us in. this way for three years and we never found her out, but as time. wore on and she was now in her fourth year, one of her maids who. knew what she was doing told us, and brave, we caught her in the act of. undoing her work, so she had to finish it whether she would or. no.” Odyssey, Book II. Question: If the kingship at the time of the Odyssey was passed through a. matrilineal system, how is it that Odysseus is king in Ithaca, where his. father Laertes was king before, and Penelope isn’t queen of Sparta, where she. is from?

Can this matrilineal system be seen in vs traditional education any other ancient Greek works? Why when people recite their geneologies in essays brave new world The Odyssey do they name their. fathers and grandfathers, if rights to a kingdom were passed through a. Answer: In a patrilineal system Odysseus would receive Ithaca from his. father upon essay on online his father’s death. But Laertes was still alive when Odysseus. became king upon his marriage to Penelope.

It seems more likely that Odysseus. received Ithaca as part of Penelope’s dowery. Notice that Laertes can do. nothing about the suitors. The matrilineal system can be seen with. Clytemnestra as well. Essays New World? Clytemnestra became queen of Mycenae by marrying. Tantalus. When Agamemnon killed Tantalus he obtained Mycenae by marrying.

Clytemnestra. Oedipus became king when he married Jocasta. Question: how could you say Odysseus and Penelope is a devoted couple when Odysseus did jump into for research, other women’s bed while he was in his journey? Answer: It was not expected that a Greek man would only have sex with his. wife. Odysseus preferred Penelope to the other women and continually tried to. Question: What were wooers?

Answer: Unmarried men who wanted to marry Penelope and thereby inherit. her money and her realm. The husband of Penelope became the new world, king of Ithaca. Question: what is Odysseus’s mom’s name? Answer: The mother of Odysseus was Anticlea (?????????)

Question: Compare and contrast traits of Penelope and Calypso. Answer: This can be done by reading the Odyssey. Question: The painting of “Penelope at ther loom”. Where can I find the information on vs hobbes, that piece? Such as: Were it made? what was the purpose? What media were used? By whom? why this episode or situation? Question: How did Penelope test the wooers with the bow? Answer: Here is the speech she gave to the suitors: “Listen to me you suitors, who persist in abusing the. hospitality of this house because its owner has been long.

absent, and without other pretext than that you want to marry. me; this, then, being the essays, prize that you are contending for, I. will bring out the to descriptive essays, mighty bow of essays Odysseus, and whomsoever of compare vs traditional education you. shall string it most easily and essays, send his arrow through each one. of twelve axes, him will I follow and quit this house of my. lawful husband, so goodly, and locke vs hobbes, so abounding in wealth. Brave New World? But even. so I doubt not that I shall remember it in book report bingo my dreams.” Actually it is not a test but a ruse. In the end Odysseus ends up with the. bow and the wooers end up weaponless.

This allows Odysseus to kill most of. the wooers before they gang up on brave new world, him. Question: You keep saying that penelope is a beautiful woman. How so? What were her features and essay duurzaam toerisme, characteristics like? Answer: Homer makes little reference to Penelope but he does have Agamemnon. say: “Not that your wife, Odysseus, is. likely to brave new world, murder you, for Penelope is a very admirable woman, and has an excellent nature.” (Odysseus, Book XI). Of course her beauty.

also helps to thesis report, attract the suitors. Brave New World? So we can say she has beautiful features. but we cannot provide more detail. Question: How tall was she? Answer: Calypso says of Penelope: “…I am no whit less tall or well-looking. than she is…” (Odyssey, Book V). Compare On Online Education Vs Traditional? So Penelope is nearly as tall and as.

beautiful as a goddess. Essays New World? Athena made her: “…taller and of a more commanding figure..” (Odyssey, Book XVIII) Question: Did Penelope suffer more than Odysseus? Probably not. But suffering is hard to quantify. Both suffered a lot. Question: When Penelope doesn’t give up weaving and weaves all day and undoes it all night, does that convey the message that you should never give up, or does it convey that you must at one point give in to the inevitable, because you can’t go on like this forever? Answer: Neither. Penelope is trying to do things her way, the way that will.

preserve her home and family. Report? She is able to new world, trick those wooers who want her. to do things their way and break up her family and perhaps destroy her home. The moral is to trick evil people if you can so you can get them to do what is. right in spite of their evil. Question: What is Penelope’s power and what is Circe’s Power. Answer: Circe is a goddess while Penelope was a mortal. As a goddess Circe is in control of locke magic.

As a mortal Penelope has only her wits for power. Question: What did she have to do with the essays new world, Iliad? Answer: Penelope is not mentioned in the Iliad. Penelope was at home while Odysseus was at Troy during the time of the Iliad. Question: What impact does Penelope have on Odysseus? Answer: Penelope becomes the book bingo, life goal of Odysseus.

She is the symbol. of all that is right, just, and essays brave, fulfilling. Question: is compare essay, penelope a goddess or the queen? Answer: Homer says she is a mortal queen. Question: Can you please share the detailed description of Penelope and. Odysseus’ marriage bed?

Answer: This is found in the Odyssey. Od. 23 – “[190] A bush of long-leafed olive was growing within the court, strong and vigorous, and girth it was like a pillar. Round about this I built my chamber, till I had finished it, with close-set stones, and essays new world, I roofed it over thesis report, well, and added to it jointed doors, close-fitting. [195] Thereafter I cut away the leafy branches of the long-leafed olive, and, trimming the trunk from the root, I smoothed it around with the adze well and essays new world, cunningly, and and contrast on online vs traditional, made it straight to the line, thus fashioning the bed-post; and I bored it all with the augur. Beginning with this I hewed out my bed, till I had finished it, [200] inlaying it with gold and silver and ivory, and I stretched on it a thong of ox-hide, bright with purple.” Question: What ruse did the Greeks use to destroy Troy ? Answer: They used the Trojan Horse. Question: I have commissioned four tapestries to be hand woven on the life of.

Penelope. We would like to incorporate imagery, iconography, symbols and. attributes of new world her into the tapestries. Please give us some ideas as to. objects that would represent her and her life that could be included into. these tapestries. The four scenes that we wish to reproduce are Odysseus’ Departure, Penelope’s Wait, The Suitors, and The Contest.

Any other ideas. would be greatly appreciated. Answer: What about Penelope’s youth and her bethrothal? She must have. been quite a girl to have so fetched the heart of Odysseus. She probably. did not sit at home twiddling her thumbs. What was her education like? Did. festivals and public events affect her? Odysseus found out about Penelope.

when he went to woo Helen. Imagine what a mess that was. Shouldn’t you have a. picture about that event? The most common image of Penelope is her weaving at her loom. Question: does Penelope have a specific role in the Odyssey? does she differ. from her male counter parts physically, mentally and socially? Where does her. power lie in Ithaca? Does the way Homer represents her in the poem tell us.

anything about Odysseus and the other males involved in intro to descriptive essays her production as a. character and person? Answer: This is a good paper topic that will help the writer come to a. better understanding of the Odyssey. Essays? But remember that the work is not a. fiction under the author’s control, rather it is report bingo sheet, a spiritual truth about. Question: Where did she live? Answer: In a Mycenaean palace on ancient Ithaca, an island on the west. coast of Greece. No remains of a Mycenaean palace are found on modern day. Ithaca leading one to speculate that modern and ancient Ithaca differ. Question: Do you think that Penelope recognized Odysseus before Book 23?

Answer: Penelope seems to be aware of the difficulty that Odysseus would be. in when he returns. But she is essays brave new world, also concerned that she not be duped by an. imposter. Bingo? By bringing out his bow she sets up a situation where she can. tell if he is an imposter, and if he is not, he will be able to deal with.

Question: Why does Penelope entertain the essays brave new world, suitors so long and fail to. recognize Odysseus when he returns? Answer: With Odysseus away Penelope is in charge. If she gives in to book report bingo sheet, one. of the suitors then she will become subservient to him.

She will no longer. be able to protect her son who would probably be killed. As long as she. entertains the suitors then they will stick to the customs of new world a guest and she. will remain the host in charge. If she tried to book report bingo, throw them out they might.

organize and force her to do their will. She did not want to essays new world, recognize. Odysseus because that would reveal him to his enemies. The suitors are. potential, formidable army who have no benefit from the return of Odysseus. If he is not already dead, they would do well to essay, kill him. And she could not.

afford to recognize an imposter. Essays New World? An imposter could easily take over and. harm her family. She had to test each claimaint carefully. Question: Can you apply Odysseus’ idea of a good marriage (that the man and woman have minds in deep accord) to compare the marriage of Odysseus and Penelope, Menelaus and Helen, Alcinous and Arete, and Agamemnon and thesis, Clytemnestra?

Answer: The relation between men and women in ancient Greece was very. confused with men thinking one thing and women another. In most cases. neither had their way. I do not think Odysseus is a very good guide to. marriage. The reason why the marriage of Odysseus lasted is because Penelope was a very talented wife and essays, Odysseus was a man worthy of her. Book Bingo Sheet? When I thought about why Odysseus preferred Penelope to the Goddess Calypso (and Circe, for essays brave new world that matter) It occurred to me that one difference between a goddess and a mortal is that a mortal can sin while a goddess cannot. Now some men prefer a sinful woman and so the marriage may have been good because Penelope liked to sin in a way that Odysseus liked. Intro Essays? The point of this observation is that what held the brave, two together may have nothing to locke, do with deep mental accord.

Now it is a truism to essays new world, say a married couple get along because they are compatible. But this is just as true for intro essays many shallow ways as anything deep. New World? You know this compatibility is important so who is the intro essays, better judge, the couple or their parents? The most interesting aspect of the couples that you list is what system was used to determine compatibility in essays each case and did it work. Does this say anything about how compatibility can be found today?

Question: the treatment of women in Ancient Literature — How is essay on online education, Penelope treated by society in the Odyssey? How are Penelope and essays new world, Jocasta similar ? Answer: First you should realize that society in the Odyssey is ambiguous. Is it Mycenaean society or Archaic Greek? Homer embellished the sheet, older stories with his current observations. Brave New World? Because of our distance it is hard for us to tell the difference. One odd connection between the two women is that the men in vs hobbes both cases act as if they win the brave new world, woman they get the thesis, kingdom. We do not understand this. It seems as though Penelope is freer to choose her mate than Jocasta, but this may not be the essays new world, case.

In the end she chooses a test to decide her mate just as a test was devised for Jocasta. And Contrast Essay Education? We would hope that personalities would make the couple compatible, and it is new world, up to the individuals to decide what constitutes compatibility. Using a test to determine a mate seems to be a relic of locke vs hobbes essay Mycenaean social structure which involved goddess worship. To them the female seemed more connected to fertility than the male because of the visibility of the offspring that the women produced. And this fertility connected the female to the earth and its resources.

During the Classical period the status of women was reduced because it was thought the male provided the form of the baby while the female provided only the substance. This caused the female to be disconnected from the resources of growth and production and only a separate resource. One of the purposes of brave sequestering the females in ancient times was so that the male knew that the offspring were formally his. So the status of women went from divine to chattel. But if the compare education, females were sequestered as Penelope certainly was, what impact could society have had on Penelope? Though there is essays brave, no emphasis on the sequestering of Jocasta, this certainly seems to have been the locke essay, case. The only interaction of Penelope with society is her manipulation of her suitors by rules of essays brave new world etiquette which she is able to enforce by guile. Jocasta seems to be less effective in this regard.

You might say that Penelope’s arguments are emotional and and contrast essay education, effective while Jocata’s arguments are rational and ineffective. Penelope’s actions are often taken as a model of feminine behavior. Does this suggest that a female in ancient society can accomplish more by being emotional? Perhaps this is why ancient women were not schooled as often as the brave, men. Question: How old was Penelope when Odysseus returned back home to Ithaca? Answer: Odysseus was one of the to descriptive, suitors of Helen in about 1201 BCE. He was allowed to marry Penelope at brave, that time as a result of his assistance in providing a husband for Helen in intro essays a safe way.

Penelope may have been 13 at that time as this was the new world, normal marriage for toerisme women. So her birth might have been about 1214 BCE. Helen did not leave with Paris until about 1195 BCE. The Trojan war did not start until about 1186 BCE. So Penelope was about 28 at the start of the Trojan War.

The war lasted ten years and brave, Odysseus did not return for ten years after that. So when Odysseus returned to thesis for research report, Ithaca in about 1166 BCE, Penelope was about brave new world 48 years old. Question: I am doing a research project and need to know a little more about Penelope and her role in the story of intro to descriptive Odysseus. It’d also help to know if her role still plays a part in our generations today. Such as if her part in the story is also used for plots in movies or television shows or if she is used as an essays brave inspiration for art, plays, books, etc. So, how does Penelope still stay relevant in our generations today? Answer: Penelope is still relevant today because she is in touch with a range of essay duurzaam matters of essays brave new world importance to women. Locke Vs Hobbes Essay? Women do better in a society that is lawbound since they are smaller than men, weaker than me, and incapacitated when they are pregnant.

Penelope understands this and emphasizes the rule of law so no one takes advantage of her. Any of the suitors could have taken the brave, law into his own hands and done what he wished but Penelope is able keep the suitors separate and responsible to the custom of the time, her best approximation of law. It is interesting how she uses feminine wiles to accomplish this. Her ability to remain feminine and locke, still accomplish her goals is what most people find admirable. This is quite a challenge for working women today.

Works about Penelope: Monteverdi’s opera, Il Ritorno d’Ulisse in Patria, produced at Venice in 1640. Brave New World? PENELOPE, Film by Ben Ferris The Penelopiad: The Myth of Penelope and Odysseus, by duurzaam toerisme Margaret Atwood. Question: How is Penelope a hero and what are the characteristics? Answer: Penelope is essays new world, not a hero, rather she is a heroine. She was courageous and favored by the gods but her feats do not involve great strength or success in battle. Rather she operated through careful manipulation of essay duurzaam her situation.

She lived at a time when customs were different from what they are today. The most difficult custom she had to deal with was the fact that her person was identified with the realm that her husband ruled. Her husband was the king of the realm she was identified with. If her husband was beaten in battle she was obligated to marry the victor. If her husband died her new husband became the king of the realm. She may have had some choice as to who her husband might be, though there is some suggestion in the Odyssey that when her husband died she would return to her father’s household and new world, he would determine the compare and contrast on online education vs traditional education, new husband. After her husband left for the Trojan War she waited for his return. After the war was over essays, and he still did not return and no one new what happened to him so many thought he had died. Duurzaam Toerisme? Penelope did not want to give up on him because the options for her were not that good if he died. In particular her son would have been deprived of any inheritance and might have been killed had he had to brave new world, deal with a step-father.

So she decided to maintain a status quo. What is plain is that she loved her husband and thought little of essay anyone else. Essays? She had some customs against essay, her but she decided to use others that would favor her. Essays Brave? The single men decided that her husband might be dead and that if he was dead and and contrast on online education vs traditional education, she married one of them he would be king. So they descended upon her house to try to woo her. This was a problem for Penelope because she had to treat these men as guests according to the custom of the time. New World? But for her part she was eager to point out essay, that wooing had its own customs. She got them to compete with one another in various ways. On thing she did was to get them to give her gifts. Essays Brave? She also seemed to flatter ones that were less dominant.

Then what they wanted was for her to make a decision as to who she favored. But what she is famous for is how she put this decision off. What she did was to declare that that she wanted to to descriptive, finish weaving the death shroud for her father-in-law so he would be buried properly when he died. Essays? This was a custom of the day. She was able to prolong the weaving of this shroud over three years by weaving during the day and unraveling at night. For his part her father-in-law remained alive. Finally the wooers discovered her deception and they were angered. But she continued to keep them divided until her husband finally returned. Thesis Report? What she finally agreed to was a contest involving her husband’s bow. If a man could string the bow and shoot an arrow through the holes in ax heads that had been lined up she would marry the essays new world, man.

She devised this scheme because she had seen her husband do this many times. This scheme worked very well because none of the wooers could even string the bow. And when Odysseus was given the bow he was able to slaughter the wooers with it. The point of this last act was that the thesis, wooers were a small army of able men who easily could have exerted control over essays new world, Penelope and her family any time they organized and thesis, took control. But Penelope kept them divided and they never controlled anything. Because of this Odysseus was able to kill them and brave new world, return to thesis for research report, being king. As an example of what could have happened there was the example of that happened to essays, Agamemnon at the hands of thesis Clytemnestra.

Penelope is a heroine and Clytemnestra is a murderer. Clytemnestra acted like a man and was condemned for it. Penelope kept her feminine charms and used them against the wooers by manipulating the customs available to brave, her. Penelope is a heroine and Clytemnestra is didion on morality essay, a murderer. To be a hero Penelope would have had to new world, kill the wooers herself. What is Eurycleia doing when Penelope finds her in the realm of the dead. I have a question….. what two goddesses is Penelope compared too and why?

In our culture today, infidelity rate amongst women are high not just because they can or they were sexually tempted but i guess because they are now more emotionally and morally vulnerable and lack self control. Is it still possible to find a woman as faithful as Penelope. hey there! I hope someone answer my questions advance thank you? 1. Why does Penelope consider storytelling “A low Art”? 2. How does Penelope’s portrayal deffers from the traditional portrayal of Odysseus? what do you think of Odysseus?

3. How much ancient history do you think is to descriptive, based in fact and how much an gossipand exaggerations? 4. Do you think the story is brave, colored ny biases of the storyteller? 5. Thesis Report? Does this story change the way you look at the Literature and History? why or why not? I need your answer now. please notice me. I have a question. Why does penelope say that she “sounds like an owl” when she tries to warn other women? 1.what does she have to say about the “official version” of what happened? Why does she point this out? 2. How does Penelope’s portrayal deffers from the traditional portrayal of Odysseus? what do you think of Odysseus?

3. How much ancient history do you think is based in fact and how much an gossipand exaggerations? 4. Essays New World? Why does she call herself “a stick used to beat other women with? Do you agree with her? 5. Locke Essay? Does this story change the way you look at brave new world, the Literature and History? why or why not? I need your answer . plsss.

1. Why does Penelope consider storytelling a low art? 2. How does penelope’s portrayal differ from the traditional portrayal of didion on morality essay odysseus? what do you think of odysseus? 3. Based on brave, penelope’s perspective, how is book, she different from essays brave new world, how the epic portrays her? what do you think of penelope’s character in the preceding story? 4. What does she have to say about the “official version” of what happened? Why does she point this out? 5. Why does she call herself “a stick used to thesis, beat other women with? Do you agree with her? 6. Why does penelope say that she “sounds like an owl” when she tries to warn other women?

7. Essays? How much ancient history do you think is based in on morality essay fact and how much an gossip and exaggerations? 8. Do you think the story is colored by the biases of the storyteller? 9. Do you think history is colored by the biases of the essays brave, historian? 10. Does this story change the way you look at thesis report, the Literature and History? why or why not? what was the name of the second husband. I am studying “The Story of new world Penelope” tapestry at the Boston MFA. What do you think the inscription “Penelope Coivnx Seper Vilixis Ero” at the base of the tapestry might mean, and how does it relate to her story?

The Role of Women in the Art of Ancient Greece. Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors. Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker.

How Much is Enough? by Barry A. New World! Thomas. Several years ago I was sitting on vs hobbes a bench in front of one of Minnesota’s ten thousand lakes. Essays Brave New World! This one particular lake sits on the campus of Bethel Seminary in St. Paul. Essay Toerisme! While sitting there I heard God ask me, “How much of my love is essays brave, enough for you ?” I had never thought of that question before. Intro! I had thought of God’s love being unending, but I had not thought about how much of that love I needed or wanted? How much of God’s love is essays, needed for me to be satisfied?

How much would be enough? I had never tried to actually quantify it before. (Caution: Nerd Alert. Don’t judge.) I then thought, “What if God’s love for me was the volume of report, this lake?” Now most of the lakes in Minnesota aren’t very big and this one was probably about 60 acres in size (It’s actually 64.5 acres, but I don’t want to come across as too nerdy.). So I looked up the size of the lake on a map and calculated the essays, volume of the book bingo sheet, lake by estimating an essays, average depth. (Yes, I actually did this.) Next, I estimated the and contrast essay on online education, volume of my body. (Yes, I actually did this.) I then asked, “If God’s loved refilled my body every day, how long would it take to drain this lake?” (Yes, I actually asked this.) After doing the calculations, the essays brave new world, answer was an astonishing 1,170,675 days! That is 3,207 years! Here is this small lake on duurzaam toerisme a collage campus in essays brave new world, Minnesota and it’s only one of ten thousand lakes in the state and it would take over one million days to drain it. How much of God’s love is and contrast vs traditional education, enough for essays brave new world me if His love refilled me every single day?

It is definitely less than the volume of that one small lake. God was telling me and showing me that His love for me was more than enough. There is more love available to me and for than I can imagine. If you could get better at one thing this year what would it be? Would it be something physical like losing weight, exercising, eating healthier, running faster or running farther? Would it be something mental like reading, meditating or problem solving?

What about compare essay education something emotional like connecting, listening, enjoying? What do you want to be better at? For me, it would be to new world be able to receive God’s love in greater measure. If I was able to do this one thing, it would affect all areas of my life. I imagine I would have more confidence instead of insecurity; peace instead of fear; compassion instead of criticism and joy instead of anger. Overall, I would be able to see myself more of the way God sees me and be able to thesis for research love others better. How much of God’s love is enough for essays brave new world you? Ephesians 3: 17b-19. Book Bingo Sheet! “And I pray that you, being rooted and brave new world, established in love, may have power, together with all the Lord’s holy people, to didion essay grasp how wide and long and high and deep is the love of Christ, and to know this love that surpasses knowledge—that you may be filled to the measure of all the fullness of essays new world, God.” The Anti-Resolution, by Barry A. Thomas.

Since it’s the beginning of a new year, it would naturally be a good time to talk about New Year’s resolutions. What do you want to on online education accomplish in 2016? How do you want to change? However, there is part of me that wants to brave new world not talk about New Year’s resolutions since that might be what is intro to descriptive essays, expected. So today I’m going to lean into that part. Brave New World! Don’t get me wrong, I like setting resolutions. I don’t do it every year, but there are times when I need resolutions to keep me from wandering aimlessly. Essay Toerisme! In 2015 I had three resolutions for the year: to read through the Bible, to run a marathon (my first and only) and to write a book.

I was able to get two and half of these done. (I won’t bore you with the details.) My point is that without making them goals, I would not have even attempted them, much less accomplish any of them. And then sometimes resolutions get in my way. They get in the way in a couple of essays new world, ways: Resolutions get in locke vs hobbes essay, the way when I leave God out of the picture. I can leave God out of the picture when I resolve to do something purely out of my own will and power. I can also leave God out when my resolve does not allow my plans to adjust to God’s plans.

For instance, I had a friend who was training for the Boston marathon this past year. At the new world, same time, it was his son’s senior year playing baseball. He missed much of compare and contrast essay on online vs traditional, his son’s games because he stuck to his training regimen. In my opinion, the resolution got in the way of brave, more important things. Resolutions get in the way when I depend on thesis report accomplishing something to essays brave feel good about myself. Personally, I have difficulty with this one.

I’m a do-er. That can be a good thing. Being a do-er has served me very well over the years. It has helped me be successful in my career and in my ministry. And I believe that our weaknesses often times are our strengths that are out of balance.

This is a huge principle! It’s so important that I’m going to say it again for emphasis: Our weaknesses are often times our strengths that are out of balance.* This doing thing is book report, one of those areas for me because the doing gets in the way of the being . I am reminded of the story of Martha and brave new world, Mary in Luke 10. Martha was doing hospitality and serving Jesus in her home and it was the doing that kept her from sitting at Jesus’ feet and report sheet, listening to what He had to say. In light of all this being said, here is my encouragement to you: make resolutions (if you’re into that kind of thing), hold your resolutions loosely and be with God in the process. So I am making a New Year’s resolution for brave new world 2016: to essay toerisme be with God. I want to essays brave learn how to do this better (pun intended). I want to be with God in the busyness and I want to create space in my life so I can be with God in solitude.

So here is the question I really want to ask: Can you be okay with yourself if you don’t accomplish anything or if you don’t change a single thing about yourself in 2016? How do you imagine God would feel about you if you that happened (or didn’t happen)? *Here is an example of and contrast essay on online vs traditional, a weakness being a strength that is out of balance: My wife and brave, I are both analytical. When making a decision, especially big decisions, we gather as much data as possible and list out all the options and essay, do our best to asses which option is the best one. Essays Brave! This analytical process has served us well throughout our marriage. However, this strength becomes a weakness when it is out of balance. When the analytical part is too strong it becomes indecisiveness.

The desire to thesis report make the absolute best decision gets in the way of making a decision. The weakness (indecisiveness) is a strength (analytical decision making) that is out of balance. A word that is essays brave, being thrown around a lot in the media and conversation these days, in compare and contrast education, relation to new world Black Lives Matter, is “inconvenience.” It’s inconvenient when bus lines are diverted to go around marches demanding police transparency and accountability downtown. It’s inconvenient that people have to wait at stop lights for seven extra minutes while the compare on online vs traditional education, throng of protesters file down the street, chanting “Black Lives Matter.” It’s inconvenient when highways get shut down by brave new world human chains demanding justice in exchange for peace. And most recently, it has been inconvenient for holiday travelers to have some flights delayed for 45 minutes at to descriptive, the MSP airport, and brave new world, shops closed at the Mall of America for essays a couple of hours so that the protestors could disturb the status quo and remind people that Black Lives are inconvenienced every day. Every day a black person steps out of new world, their house, they must live in fear of police violence. Black mothers fear that their sons won’t live past their 18th birthday without ending up dead or in intro, jail. Schools, places of essays brave new world, employment, housing, banks, food systems, and the “justice” system are all stacked against Black Americans. The daily stress of discrimination grates on Black Americans to locke the point of causing higher rates of depression and anxiety, heart disease, and high blood pressure. I’d say that is much more inconvenient that a single incident of tardiness for travelers. Dr.

King certainly had similar conversations with city officials, asking him to “move slower and more gently” but they shut down the bridge in Selma anyway. The bus boycott in Montgomery inspired by Rosa Parks was highly disruptive to the city. White Jim Crow shop owners who had their business disturbed by protestors at lunch counter “sit ins” were outraged at essays new world, the disturbance of business as usual. (Sound familiar?) If things are to change, we must all of us be disturbed and inconvenienced. 400 years of oppression and sheet, discriminatory systems don’t just disappear on their own. They will not go away by people being nice.

While these actions are meant to disrupt and create discomfort, let us remind ourselves that they are being done with the greater purpose of equality, peace, and justice, through a motivation of love. Come to think of it, most love is inconvenient. Essays New World! I just got a puppy, and he has quickly become the love of my life, even though he takes up all my free time and has churned my daily schedule into chaos. Having children does the same. Vs Hobbes Essay! So does falling in love romantically. We make sacrifices for love, but never would we consider doing otherwise, because there is such great reward. And it just feels good. This week being Christmas, with all of creation groaning in anticipation for the arrival of the essays new world, baby who brings peace and justice to and contrast essay on online education vs traditional the world, let us stop and consider the brave, inconvenience of his arrival. First, his poor parents had to travel to another city while pregnant, then flee to a neighboring country because the government was slaughtering Jewish babies because Jesus was threatening the throne. As he grew to essay be a man, his radical love disrupted many people’s lives. The disciples left behind families and jobs.

Pharisees and Sadducees were put “on blast” for their discriminatory religion that barred women, children, the poor, and sick people from entering the temple. Through embarrassing confrontations with Jesus, some of those leaders changed their ways. Brave! The disciples were frustrated that Jesus was constantly slowing down and changing their schedules so they could play with children, talk with Samaritan women, and feed thousands of hungry people. The disciples were tired. They just wanted business as usual. They wanted to keep their reputations intact, but Jesus didn’t care about maintaining their egos or schedules of sleep. He constantly went out of his way to show mercy and love to those who showed up in his path, to those experiencing oppression, sickness, and isolation. He asks the same of us.

Black Americans (and other Americans of color) are currently experiencing oppression, sickness, and isolation. And they are showing up in our path. They are refusing to be cast aside, ignored, locked up, beaten, shot, used, and blasphemed. They are saying that their lives matter. This doesn’t mean that white lives (or any other lives) matter less.

They are just pointing out that black lives currently do not matter, according to all the compare on online, staggering evidence of history and current times, and they should matter. When people get desperate, they reach out to essays touch the hem of essay, Jesus’ cloak. They cry out “Son of new world, Man, have mercy on us!” They lower family members down through rooftops. They demand loaves and toerisme, fish. Black America is desperate.

Jesus’ merciful hands were so far-reaching that they were threatening enough to be nailed to a tree. His disciples could have gone back to new world business as usual after his death, had the story ended there. But they saw him resurrected, and to descriptive essays, with that sight, there was no turning back. What is seen cannot be unseen. What is known cannot be unknown. As the inconvenient prophet Rev.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. said, we have been to “the mountaintop” and have seen the other side, the Promised Land! With determination, we will have justice and essays, peace! So go ahead, #blacklivesmatter, do your thing. Let’s get uncomfortable in the name of Love.

Considerations: Alpacas as a Business. Congratulations on beginning your journey toward potentially adding alpacas to your world! Being an alpaca owner provides unique and wonderful life experiences. People in many countries call alpacas “the world’s finest livestock.” Valuable business assets of any kind possess qualities that make them desirable: gold is scarce, real estate provides shelter, oil produces energy, bonds earn interest, stocks may increase in value, and diamonds symbolize love. Alpacas share some of these same attributes. Alpacas are scarce and unique, and the textiles produced from their fleeces are in demand at fashion centers in brave new world, New York, Paris, Milan, and book bingo Tokyo.

There are excellent profit opportunities and essays brave tax advantages available to alpaca breeders. Compare On Online Education! Historically, alpacas sustained ancient cultures, including the Incas of essays, Peru. Today, alpacas still represent the essay on online education vs traditional education primary source of brave, income for thousands of South Americans. Compare Essay On Online Vs Traditional Education! History has validated the value of the essays brave new world alpaca. Long before stocks were sold on the New York Stock Exchange, livestock was a traditional form of wealth for many cultures. The richest families of intro, ancient times counted their wealth by the size of their herds. Today wealth as a result of livestock ownership is not as common, but opportunities do exist for profitable farms and ranches. Tending to essays, a herd of graceful alpacas can be an vs hobbes essay, exciting source of revenue, and a rewarding lifestyle.

A key question to essays, answer before starting a new venture is, WHY? Why are you considering becoming an essay duurzaam toerisme, alpaca owner? Development of breeding stock? Producing alpaca fiber for the commercial or cottage industry? AOA Show System participation? Augmenting an essays new world, existing fiber production business? The farming lifestyle? The potential tax benefits of owning your own livestock business?

Alpacas offer an outstanding choice for livestock ownership. Alpacas have a charismatic manner, they do very well on small farms, and they produce a luxury product which is continually increasing in demand. In researching the opportunities and gathering information to help with your decision making, it is recommended you visit as many farms in your local area as possible. Compare And Contrast! Review the farm environment and new world operation of each, and ask the owners about didion on morality their views of the alpaca industry. Brave New World! The AOA website, www.alpacainfo.com, and AOA's Alpaca Owners Guide are great tools to help you locate farms near you. In addition to researching the alpaca industry and relevant statistics, it is strongly recommended that you spend time with a business consultant or tax advisor to discuss your interest in starting an locke vs hobbes, alpaca business. Many breeders will work with you to essays, develop a plan designed for your particular situation; however, you are encouraged to and contrast education, independently develop your own financial analysis utilizing professional support if necessary. As a buyer you need to brave, be certain that starting an report bingo, alpaca business is an appropriate use of both your time and financial resources. Analyzing the feasibility of alpaca ownership requires making a set of assumptions. Determining the costs associated with raising the essays brave animals and how much revenue they might generate in the future are the intro basic elements used in projecting a return on the investment.

The assumptions found here are based on many breeders’ experiences. The hands-on method of raising alpacas, as either a part- or full-time business, requires that the alpaca breeder own a small ranch or acreage, properly fenced with a small barn or shelter. Brave! Many farms already have outbuildings suitable for alpacas. The alpaca owner is presumed to to descriptive essays, supply the day-to-day labor. A second approach is to purchase the animals and place them in the care of an established breeder. This arrangement for essays, care and boarding of an animal on behalf of another is known as “agistment.” Under this method you, as owner, typically make the important decisions about book report care, breeding, sales, etc. You may have an brave new world, existing farm to use for your alpacas, or you may be starting new. If you are starting new, please check your local and county ordinances to ensure that starting a farming operation on your selected property is allowed, and whether there are any constraints you need to report, keep in mind as you develop your business plan. The organization of your farm will impact the efficiency of your day-to-day operations. As you are visiting other farms, take pictures of their set ups and ask questions about what they like about their setup, and what would they love to change. Here are some considerations when planning your farm.

Will you have a centralized barn or will you have multiple portable style shelters? Will you have grazing areas or will you feed hay every day? What is the maximum number of alpacas you will have on your farm? Will fencing be portable or fixed, or a combination of the two? No one enjoys carrying water when they don’t have to; how will you deliver water to your alpacas? If you have pasture available for the alpacas, you will want to plan on proper irrigation, fertilizing and potentially over seeding to essays, keep the intro to descriptive essays grasses growing as well as possible, and have a plan for keeping weeds under control. Think about putting electrical outlets close to your water tanks if you have freezing winters (unless you enjoy breaking ice), and close to your shelters in case you have very warm days and need to plug in a fan to help keep the alpacas cool. Hay Storage will be driven by the form of hay available to you and brave new world the type of essay, equipment you have available for moving the hay—small square bales (55–100#); large square bales (3’x3’x8’); or round bales. It is important to ensure hay does not mold due to exposure to moisture, so proper storage is essential. Have a plan for the disposal of your manure.

It may be a stock pile you spread on essays brave new world your pastures and fields, or selling it to gardeners or nurseries. New manure will be created daily by the alpacas, and didion should be removed from their living area on a regular basis to new world, minimize the risk of parasites. Alpacas need to be shorn yearly for their health, and toerisme the collection of your annual fiber harvest. Brave New World! The shearing event is something you may hold on your farm, or you may take your animals to another location for shearing. In addition to essay, pasture and hay, alpacas require supplements to essays new world, guarantee they get essential vitamins and minerals. Some owners also provide extra supplements in the form of grain or pellets. Some farms will purchase pellet supplements in essay vs traditional education, 50# bags, while others will buy in bulk and store the feed in large bins. Alpacas need to have their toenails cut on essays brave new world a regular basis. In some areas they will need routine immunizations. Teeth trimming may be required.

Assistance with birthing may be necessary. The ability to weigh alpacas is important in managing their health. Having an area where a scale and thesis for research restraining chute can be set up is important. Do you have a local vet to brave, call on didion essay when required? Are you willing to administer injections or draw blood yourself? Every farm should be prepared for essays brave new world, the need to get an alpaca from the farm to a veterinary office or local animal hospital for treatment.

If you plan to participate in the AOA show system, the style and size of trailer maybe oriented to the number of animals you plan to show and the distance you are willing to travel to show them. Consider the intro to descriptive essays use of tractors, UTVs, hay elevators, manure spreaders or brush hogs as tools for helping to essays brave, manage the farm environment. Will you have a farm store where you can sell your fiber and fiber products? Will local zoning regulations allow retail sales from your location? Do you have a building that could be renovated to thesis, a store, or will you need a new structure? If you are thinking of processing some or all of your own fiber, do you have space for washing, drying, dying or other value-added activities you may perform?

Prices for shelter, fencing, equipment, and labor vary widely based on geographic location, as well as individual needs and tastes. For example, some alpaca breeders will opt for a $500 carport structure as a shelter for their animals, whereas others might spend upwards of essays new world, $100,000 or more for a state-of-the-art breeding facility and showplace. Additionally, fencing could add several thousand dollars to your budget. If you manage the herd yourself, you’ll require an inventory of halters, shears, toenail clippers, lead ropes, and other miscellaneous gear. These items could add $500 – $1000 to thesis for research, your initial costs. A great advantage of the alpaca business is there are multiple opportunities for generating revenue. As you visit other alpaca owners, be sure to essays brave new world, ask them about on morality their revenue generation activities. Are they selling breeding stock to other farms or new alpaca owners?

Are they utilizing a direct sales approach with farm visits and online marketing? Are they selling their alpacas at auctions throughout the year and across the U.S.? Are they selling fiber animals to brave, fiber enthusiasts or as pets? Are they selling raw fiber and fiber products? If so: Are they using the cottage industry approach, putting personal time and energy into transforming raw fiber into sellable products? Are they using a more commercial approach by thesis report, sending raw fiber to the national collection process or one of the fiber co-ops across the USA? Are they selling manure or manure products to garden enthusiasts? Are they selling the meat and hides of essays brave new world, alpacas they have culled from their fiber producing herd? Are they caring for (agisting) alpacas owned by someone else? Do they have herdsires others use for a stud service fee? Are they helping others to sell their alpacas for a small percentage of the sale?

Are they hosting and providing education on alpaca industry-related topics? Are they providing transport services to move alpacas from one farm to another? Are they providing shearing services to other alpaca owners? Any of these methods can work to generate income with alpacas. The key to success is finding the method(s) that work best for you.

Every business owner has operational expenses necessary to run their business. Book Report Bingo Sheet! These are areas of essays brave new world, expenses that should be considered as you research the and contrast on online education vs traditional education alpaca industry . Alpacas are grazing animals, and the environment they live in will dictate the amount of hay they require. As an brave new world, estimate, one ton of hay should be sufficient to feed two alpacas for a year, assuming there are no pasture areas to graze in. Locke Vs Hobbes Essay! Pellet supplements are often provided to ensure alpacas are getting vitamins and minerals necessary for brave new world, a healthy lifestyle. Mineral supplements made available for alpacas to consume when they choose are provided by most alpaca owners. Every alpaca needs to be sheared once a year. It is for their health as well as for the annual fiber harvest. Ask alpaca owners in your area about the cost of shearing and for suggestions on credible shearers. While the need for essay duurzaam toerisme, veterinary support will vary from farm to farm, it is safe to say that every farm needs to be prepared for emergency care.

Depending on your comfort level, you may be able to save some veterinary costs by administering your own vaccinations, and doing your own toenail or teeth trimming as required. If you participate in the show system, plan on the need for a certificate of brave new world, veterinary inspection for bingo, the animals traveling to the show. The cost of insurance needs to be considered to ensure your farm is covered from brave a liability exposure standpoint. Alpacas are also fully insurable against theft and book bingo sheet mortality. Insurance can be purchased for your stock. New World! Average insurance rates are 4.25% of the value of the animal, or $425 for every $10,000 of insurance for didion, one year. All businesses face the essays brave need to pay taxes. Will you use a professional to do your tax preparation or will you do it yourself?

Proper accounting is something the IRS is keen on, and is a best practice for any business venture. Will you hire an accountant/bookkeeper or use a product like Quickbooks, WAVE accounting, Freshbooks, etc? It is strongly recommended that you become a member of Alpaca Owners Association, Inc. (AOA) and also join a regional affiliate of AOA. The registration of your alpacas allows the industry to know that your alpacas exist and can be included in thesis, the national statistics. There is essays brave a fee to register alpacas. As a new business owner, be sure you understand any licensing requirements (e.g., tax licenses, federal and state business identifiers, seller’s license or permit, etc) Be aware of your local zoning regulations regarding a livestock business or opening a farm store for your fiber products. If you are viewing this new relationship with alpacas as a business, it is essential to locke, treat it as a business. Other business considerations include. Will you be doing all of the manual labor, or will you be hiring individuals to help you, either occasionally or on brave a daily basis?

Plan on the need to repair equipment, fencing, water lines, or other items you and thesis for research the alpacas regularly depend on. The AOA show system is a great way to market your alpacas and your farm. Brave New World! As a participant, you will have show entry fees, stall fees, and travel costs to plan for. The alpaca fiber is essays your annual harvest and you should have plans for how the essays new world fiber will be utilized. How you have it processed is a personal preference, but everyone should consider having it processed in some manner. If you plan to use a mill, there will be the cost of getting the locke fiber to the mill (e.g., shipping or personal drop off).

The cost of processing into essays new world, batts, roving, or yarns will vary from processor to processor, so discuss processing costs with the mill owner you select. On average, this will be $25–$50 per pound, depending on the type of product created for you by and contrast vs traditional, the mill. You may plan to process your fleece yourself. If you do, you may have costs associated with washing, carding, dyeing, spinning or felting of the fiber. You may decide to sell your entire fleece harvest through the National Alpaca Fiber collection process or co-operatives that collect and process the alpaca fiber.

Every business needs to market themselves and their products to attract new customers. There are the traditional methods of marketing such as placing ads in essays new world, magazines and local newspapers. There are social media channels that allow you to connect with potential customers. You can present your business through the use of websites and search engines. Becoming involved with the local 4-H and school programs is a method of marketing to your local community. Participating in local farmers markets, county fairs, craft shows, etc., are methods of didion, presenting your alpaca business to new customers. The major tax advantages of alpaca ownership include depreciation, capital gains treatment, and, if you are an active hands-on owner, the essays new world benefit of offsetting ordinary income from other sources with expenses from your ranching business. It is important to make a purchase decision using assumptions that reflect your personal tax and financial situation, as well as your own assessment of the alpaca industry. Financing terms are available from some breeders, and range from a few months to two years or more. It is always wise to consider both the upside and the downside of any potential purchase. It is important to feel comfortable with a range of possible financial returns, in case your actual experience differs from your assumptions.

Quality, color, gender of alpaca offspring, and strength of the overall industry could influence income results positively or negatively. Tax Consequences of Owning Alpacas. Those considering entering the alpaca industry should engage an accountant for for research report, advice in setting up bookkeeping and essays determining the proper use of the didion on morality essay concepts discussed in this brochure. A very helpful IRS publication, #225, “The Farmer’s Tax Guide,” can be obtained from your local IRS office. Raising alpacas at essays brave new world your own ranch in the hands-on fashion can offer the active owner some very attractive tax advantages. If alpacas are actively raised for profit, all the bingo sheet expenses attributable to the endeavor can be written off against your income. Essays! These expenses can also help shelter current cash flow from taxes. The less active owner using the agisted ownership approach may not enjoy all of the tax benefits, but many of the advantages apply. For instance, the locke vs hobbes passive alpaca owner can depreciate breeding stock and expense the direct cost of new world, maintaining the animals. The main difference between a hands-on, or active, rancher and a passive owner involves deducting losses against other income.

The passive investor may only essay on online education vs traditional, be able to deduct losses from essays brave investment against gain from the sale of animals and fleece. The active rancher can take the losses against other income. Alpaca breeding allows for essay on online education vs traditional education, tax-deferred wealth building. An owner can purchase several alpacas and then allow the herd to grow over time without paying income tax on its increased size and new world value, until he or she decides to sell an animal or sell the entire herd. To qualify for the most favorable tax treatment as a rancher, you must establish that you are in didion on morality, business to essays, make a profit and for research are actively involved in your business. You cannot raise alpacas as a hobby rancher or passive investor and receive the same tax benefits as an active, hands-on, for-profit rancher. Once you’ve established that you are raising alpacas with the brave new world intent to make a profit, you can deduct all qualifying expenses from your gross income. It is strongly recommended that you spend time with a tax and accounting specialist to understand the current IRS regulations and their applicability to on morality, an alpaca business. Can Alpaca Ownership be Profitable?

Every startup business wants to know if they can be profitable and alpaca ownership is essays no different. The answer to the question is the same for any business: IT DEPENDS. Can you keep the cost of ownership low and the revenue high? Reducing the cost of owning and raising alpacas is a key element for generating profits. As for revenue, there are many potential methods of compare essay on online vs traditional education, creating revenue and alpaca owners will choose the ones that they are most comfortable with. Generating revenue will require marketing and effort in order to brave new world, acquire customers. The cost of report bingo, marketing can be reduced by partnering with other farms. With focused effort and essays the willingness to learn new skills, alpaca ownership can be profitable. Many alpaca owners have found the alpaca lifestyle both personally and financially rewarding.

As is true of any business start-up, owning alpacas involves a willingness to work and report sheet take financial risks. Essays! Your ultimate success will be determined by your ability to market your animals, fiber and finished goods, as well as your available resources, your communication skills, and your ability and willingness to provide top-notch customer service that results in a good reputation. Work with your family, selected mentors and professional business advisers to develop an alpaca ownership plan that is best for you based on your current situation and goals. Although this article discusses different considerations for alpaca ownership, it is, of course, impossible to guarantee the ultimate success of any business. AOA is education dedicated to providing information and resources to help with research and decision making. AOA's website is a valuable tool in researching the industry. Learn about alpacas through online articles and education. Find an alpaca farm or business in brave, your area to visit.

Contact a regional alpaca organization to education vs traditional, connect with alpaca owners in your area. Search for and attend a regional alpaca show. Brave New World! Search for upcoming events in essays, your area. Search registered alpacas that are available for new world, sale or stud. Read stories from successful business owners who have experience in the alpaca industry. Read the latest news from the national alpaca organization. Small Business Administration — visit your local chapter for information on classes and essay possible mentors. Your local county or university Extension Service office. Preparing for the IRS and Lessons Learned.

Disputes Over Alpaca Ownership: An Ounce of essays brave, Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure. Inside A Farmers’ Cooperative: How the Alpaca Fiber Cooperative of bingo sheet, North America, Inc. Works. You’re Not the brave Only One Asking — Alpaca Business FAQs. With Apologies to Paul Simon: There Must Be Fifty Ways to Sell Your Fiber! Planning For Success — Developing a Business Plan. Building Your Alpaca Store—Beginning Steps for didion on morality essay, Retailers. Improve Your Bottom Line: Diversify! Change Your Life With Alpacas!

Play by the “Rules of the Rich” for Financial Independence. The Alpaca Spirit Win-Win Purchase Agreements. Alpaca Owners Association, Inc. 8300 Cody Dr, Ste A. Lincoln, NE 68512. phone: (402) 437 8484. fax: (402) 437 8488. © 2017 Alpaca Owners Association, Inc.

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